How to understand "resources become assets, assets become capital"

There are 843 mu of cultivated land in Jiannanzhuang Village, Li Si Town. On May 6, 2009, 230 villagers took shares with the right to contracted management of land, and registered and established "Jiyuan Agricultural Land Circulation Professional Cooperative" in the Municipal Administration for Industry and Commerce. 758 villagers have become members of the land joint-stock cooperative, enjoying the income from the transfer of land equity funds of more than 700 yuan every year, and at the end of the year, they have a dividend of 100 yuan. Over the past two years since the land equity reform in Jiannanzhuang, more than 520 people have gone out to start businesses and obtain employment, with an annual income of more than 6.3 million yuan. It has attracted 9.6 million yuan of private capital to invest in agriculture, promoted the construction of a 260-mu vegetable high-efficiency garden, promoted the whole village circulation of more than 3,000 mu of land around Jianbei and Zhang Cun, gathered and developed greenhouse vegetables, and accelerated the transformation and upgrading of traditional agriculture in Li Si Town. In 20 1 1 year, the per capita net income of shareholders was 12386 yuan, an increase of 16. 1% compared with 86 12 yuan in 2008. 2 nd in Jusley Town, 65438+ 07 th in the city. This provides a sample for the city to explore the reform of land contractual management rights and creates a precedent for rural land joint-stock cooperatives.

I. Practice and effect

(1) Visit to learn from the scriptures and emancipate your mind. In order to do a good job in land circulation and the formation of land joint-stock cooperatives, in February 2009, the two village committees held a special meeting on land circulation, watched a special film on land circulation investigation in Jiyuan City, learned about land circulation policies at all levels, and established the concept of "circulating land and accelerating wealth". In March 2009, the cadres of the two committees led all party member and villagers' representatives to visit and study in Jinhe Village, Xiaxin Village, Pei Village and Ang Lee East Village of wulongkou Town, and had a discussion and exchange with farmers and village cadres who had tasted the sweetness, so that everyone could understand the changes before and after the land transfer, turn doubts into envy and act with heart. In April, 2009, experts from Agricultural Economic Station of Municipal Agriculture Bureau were invited to give a special report on "Land Circulation and Rural Development" to explain the policy of land circulation and property right reform. Through situation analysis, typical popularization and account comparison, the enthusiasm and initiative of the masses in land circulation have been improved. In May, 2009, all villagers were organized to discuss the implementation plan of land transfer and land bidding procedures.

(two) to discuss the plan and clarify the equity. The reform of land equity in Jiannanzhuang Village fully respects public opinion, formulates scientific and democratic working procedures, and votes on the proposals of land transfer and equity reform through meetings. First, adhere to the principle of "openness, fairness and justice", distribute more than 500 questionnaires and revise 9 draft implementation plans. Second, we should hire members of the two committees, including party member, villagers' representatives and group leaders, to work in groups and households, so as to dispel doubts, resolve contradictions and unify people's thinking. The third is to hold a mobilization meeting for all villagers, interpret the implementation plan of land transfer and equity reform, and discuss the equity setting, labor transfer and industrial development support policies. Fourth, adhere to the principle of "owned by the people, governed by the people and benefiting the people", handle the entrustment transfer agreement and join the cooperative procedures for all villagers, and the villagers set up land transfer professional cooperatives with the right to contracted management of land; The land invested in shares shall be invited by the cooperative to the public, and the income shall be distributed equally by all shareholders. 12 land contract bidding is circulated through bidding, and a circulation contract is signed.

(3) Grasp the policy and be driven by industry. The starting point and destination of Jiannanzhuang land equity reform is to make people who don't farm more money and those who farm more money. Always adhere to the principle of "legality, voluntariness and compensation" and handle the relationship between the inflow side and the outflow side. First, let the farmers who flow out of the land understand the policy, eliminate misunderstandings and transfer with confidence; Land circulation is not a denial of the family contract system, but a perfection and development of the family contract system. Second, members receive an annual subsidy of 87.6 yuan per mu for benefiting farmers, 600 Jin of wheat, and a guaranteed dividend at the end of the year 100 yuan. Third, adhere to the combination of guidance and support, create a good employment and entrepreneurial environment for the outflow side, improve the allocation efficiency and scale efficiency of land resources, and realize the intensive and large-scale operation of agricultural production. Fourth, the land in the village was scientifically planned, and four parks were built according to the industrial layout, including 300 mu of vegetable greenhouse area, 250 mu of enterprise gathering area, 200 mu of high-efficiency economic crops area and 100 mu scale breeding area.

(4) straighten the position and serve the main body. Land joint-stock cooperatives provide excellent service and entrepreneurial environment for contractors, guide farmers who leave the land to learn new technologies and modern agricultural management knowledge, cultivate a group of rural practical talents such as planting, breeding and processing, and transfer 86% of the labor force. First, 30% agricultural machinery service fee will be reduced for large contractors, and two-year land contract fee will be exempted for vegetable farmers. The village is responsible for the water, electricity and road links in the park. Second, in conjunction with the Vegetable Office of the Municipal Agriculture Bureau, Comrade Li Jinzhong, one of the top ten moral models and a senior agronomist in the city, was hired as the chief expert consultant to provide technical guidance for vegetable farmers in this village and improve their production skills. Third, we will work with the Training Department of the Municipal Labor Bureau to strive for 40 entrepreneurship training indicators, provide free training for farmers who are interested in starting a business, and enhance the entrepreneurial confidence of migrant farmers. Fourth, cooperate with Yao Ji Group to plant 200 mu of Rabdosia rubescens in the high-efficiency agricultural park. The fifth is to expand the area of farming community and add 25 new farmers.

Second, enlightenment and thinking

(A) the implementation of property rights reform is the engine of development. The core of Jiannanzhuang Village's practical exploration in equity reform is to change the mode of agricultural development, and the carrier is the land transfer joint-stock cooperative, with the aim of promoting the development of modern agriculture. Before entering the new century, the village relied on the brick factory in the village to develop large-scale pig raising, and the income of farmers increased significantly, ranking first in the city. However, with the transformation of clay brick factory and the downturn of pig industry, the comparative benefit of agriculture is declining day by day. It is difficult to make a qualitative leap in the development of modern agriculture by relying on 0.7 mu of land per capita scattered in the hands of farmers and restricted by agricultural products sales and mechanical operations. The timely establishment of agricultural product sales cooperatives and agricultural machinery cooperatives in Jiannanzhuang Village to carry out land equity reform and innovation is not only the social background of Jiannanzhuang Village's equity reform, but also an important starting point for the city to develop modern agriculture, that is, taking farmers' professional cooperatives as the carrier, carrying out equity reform, improving the organization-driving ability, professional service ability and market development ability, changing the agricultural development mode, solving the confusion that farmers originally wanted to "bake one steamed stuffed bun at a time" and guiding the city's agriculture.

(2) Innovative development concept is the source of power. At present, the key to land transfer is that the outflow party refuses to transfer. In view of this situation, Jiannanzhuang Village shifted its focus to the outflow side, focusing on solving the problems of migrant farmers' work and entrepreneurship. The equity setting adopts the mode of "inaccurate land ownership and double guarantee of interest sharing", which realizes the separation of land ownership and household registration, breaks through the land fetters attached to farmers, and flexibly solves the problems of "villagers' autonomy", "increasing people and increasing land" and "reducing people and land". The acquiescence and permission of the municipal and township governments to the practice of "inaccurate land rights and double guarantee of interest sharing" in the village is a scarce resource, which makes this equity reform gain a sunny position and operating environment, and is an extraordinary move of a rational and pragmatic government. The city should have more ideas, greater courage, wider ways and newer practices to promote the reform of land property rights. It is necessary to encourage attempts, correct the ethos of "accelerator doesn't work, brake doesn't work", strive to find the way of land equity reform and innovation, and keep pace with the times to give new meaning to the rural basic management system.

(3) Following the market operation is the basic experience. To make people optimistic about the profit prospects of agriculture, willing to engage in agriculture, and make farmers feel that the reform of land ownership is profitable and more secure, we must really play a role in promoting the reform of land ownership, and we must sum up the fresh experience created by farmers in practice. Jiannanzhuang village has no rigid dogma in the equity reform, forcing farmers to take shares. Instead, it adopts flexible and innovative methods in combination with the historical evolution and management status of the village's land contract, fully respects farmers' wishes, makes the masses consciously participate in the reform, realizes the unity of form and substance, provides supporting facilities and industrial development services for large-scale operators, finds the production relationship that adapts to social development, and establishes the equity reform model that adapts to the development of productive forces. However, the implementation effect is better than the idealized land confirmation, which is close to reality and accepted by farmers. Compared with the theoretical design mode of land ownership, this mode is simple in operation, low in cost, low in risk and good in effect. These are all derived from the "productivity standard" and are the basic principles that must be grasped in the reform of urban land ownership.

(4) The continuous growth of shareholders' income is the test standard. Village cadres in Jiannanzhuang emancipate their minds, put their ideas first and practice cautiously. By training farmers' professional skills and guiding them to engage in transportation and catering services, their wage and property income has been increased and the steady growth of farmers' income has been realized. The per capita net income increased from 86 12 yuan in 2008 to 1 12386 yuan in 2008. As Wang, a 76-year-old villager, said: "Joining a land cooperative is like putting land in a bank, which can not only guarantee food, but also pay dividends at the end of the year. How nice! " This is the best explanation for the effectiveness of land equity reform. Through the reform of land equity, Jiannanzhuang Village has successfully solved the most intractable problems in land transfer, such as what to do with farmers after the transfer and whether their income can be guaranteed, which is the "touchstone" to test the success of land equity reform. The reform of land property rights has activated the endogenous motivation of rural development and farmers' income increase, and explored a successful road of "being stable and rich" for farmers who have flowed out of the land. To fully implement the land equity reform, it is necessary to set up a property right fund, protect the price of property right mortgage financing as much as possible, and implement a reform risk fund to give farmers who participated in the property right reform experiment in advance a "reassurance" to reduce the reform risk and ensure the stable expected income of farmers.