The specific process of the White Uprising and the Longzhou Uprising

Baise Uprising

On December 11, 1929, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Haoren, Zhang Yunyi and other comrades organized and led an armed uprising in Baise, Guangxi, creating the Seventh Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Influenced and inspired by the Nanchang Uprising, Autumn Harvest Uprising, and Guangzhou Uprising, the Communist Party of China implemented a glorious practice of "armed separatist rule of workers and peasants" in Guangxi's ethnic minority areas.

In June 1929, the new warlords were defeated in the Chiang Kai-shek War. Guangxi leftist soldiers Yu Zuobai and Li Mingrui served as the chairman of the Guangxi Provincial Government and the Guangxi dispatch commissioner respectively, and controlled the military and political power of Guangxi. They demanded cooperation with the Communist Party of China. The Party Central Committee took advantage of this opportunity and sent a group of Communist Party members such as Deng Xiaoping, Chen Haoren, Zhang Yunyi, Gong Hecun, and Li Qian to Guangxi, with Deng Xiaoping as the central representative. Responsible for the party's work in Guangxi, Chen Haoren is the head of the Guangxi Military Commission and is specifically responsible for the organization and leadership of the uprising.

After Deng Xiaoping arrived in Nanning, he carried out effective united front work with Yu Zuobai and Li Mingrui, and served as captains of the Fourth and Fifth Guangxi Guard Brigades with Yu and Li Xinjian. In September of the same year, the First Congress of the Communist Party of China in Guangxi Province was held in Jintou Village, Nanning, and decided to launch an agrarian revolution, arm farmers, strengthen the urban workers' movement, and prepare for armed riots to seize power.

Just when the revolutionary situation in Guangxi was improving, Yu and Li were eager to openly declare their opposition to Chiang, but they were defeated without a fight. At this time of sudden change, Deng Xiaoping and Chen Haoren made a decisive decision and decided to bring the armed struggle controlled by our party to the Youjiang area, and combined with the peasant movement led by Wei Baqun, Huang Zhifeng and others to carry out armed struggle.

On October 22, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Haoren, and Zhang Yunyi led the Fourth Guard Brigade and the Data Command Brigade to Baise with guns, ammunition and other military supplies from the Nanning Armory, and immediately planned an armed uprising. First, Zhang Yunyi served as the Superintendent of Youjiang and took over the local power; second, continued to step up the rectification and transformation of the army; third, cracked down on the reactionary forces of the local gentry, eliminated the reactionary Guangxi Third Guard Brigade, and cleared obstacles for the uprising; fourth, further publicity and launched The masses made the revolutionary fervor in Youjiang area even higher. In early November, the Party Central Committee approved the plan to launch an armed uprising in the Youjiang area, establish a Red Army and revolutionary base area, and approved the establishment of a front committee to unify the leadership of the party and the convoy. There are 7 members of the Front Committee, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Haoren, and Zhang Yunyi are members of the Standing Committee, and Deng Xiaoping is the Secretary of the Front Committee. The Central Committee also stipulated that if Deng Xiaoping left Baise to report to the Central Committee, Chen Haoren would serve as Secretary of the Front Committee. In accordance with the instructions of the Party Central Committee, Deng Xiaoping immediately convened a front committee meeting to convey and implement the spirit of the Central Committee's instructions, and then went to Shanghai to report to the Central Committee.

On December 11, 1929, the second anniversary of the Guangzhou Uprising, a red flag with an ax and sickle was raised in Baise City. On this day, the beautiful Baise Mountain City is filled with red flags, gongs and drums are roaring, firecrackers are blasting, and everyone is rejoicing. The streets and alleys are covered with revolutionary slogans written on paper, and bright red flags or five-color paper flags are hung in every house. Thousands of workers, farmers, Red Army soldiers and citizens of all ethnic groups gathered in the East Gate Square to celebrate the victory of the Baise Uprising and the official birth of the Seventh Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. The meeting on the Baise Uprising Monument was chaired by Gong Hecun, and Chen Haoren delivered an important speech on behalf of the front committee. It was announced that Zhang Yunyi would be the commander of the army and Chen Haoren would be the director of the political department. Li Qian, Hu Bin, and Wei Baqun served as captains of the first, second, and third columns of the Seventh Red Army respectively. The military headquarters is located in Baise Yuedong Guild Hall, and the front committee and political department are located in Qingfeng Building. At the same time, the Youjiang Soviet Government and the Baise County Provisional Soviet Government were established.

The victory of the Baise Uprising marked that the Youjiang Revolution entered a new stage.

Longzhou Uprising

The Longzhou Uprising, also known as the Longzhou Uprising, was launched and led by the Guangxi Front Committee of the Communist Party of China after the Nanning Mutiny and Baise Uprising. An armed uprising. The leaders of the uprising were He Shichang, Yu Zuoyu, Wan Danping, Li Mingrui, and Deng Xiaoping.

On February 1, 1930, the troops participating in the uprising included 900 people from the Fifth Guangxi Guard Brigade under the leadership of Zuojiang Military Commission and more than 1,000 peasants and soldiers from Zuojiang counties held a mass meeting of workers, peasants and soldiers in Longzhou , announced the establishment of the Eighth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, referred to as the Eighth Red Army, and established the Zuojiang Revolutionary Committee.

Soon after, the Eighth Red Army failed and withdrew from the Zuojiang area, and the remaining troops were incorporated into the Seventh Red Army.

Similar to the Baise Uprising and the Seventh Red Army, the Zuojiang Military Commission was established before the uprising and worked under the leadership of the Guangxi Front Committee of the Communist Party of China. The first Military Commission Secretary was Xu Guanying. After Meng Zhiren's rebellion, Wan Danping, He Shichang, and Deng Xiaoping successively served as Secretaries of the Military Commission. During the uprising, He Shichang served as Secretary of the Military Commission and Director of the Political Department of the Eighth Red Army, Yu Zuoyu served as Army Commander, and Wan Danping served as Chief of Staff.

Although Li Mingrui was not in the Zuojiang Military Commission, he should have directly participated in and led the Longzhou Uprising and played an important role in the uprising, and later served as the commander-in-chief of the Eighth Red Army. Central representative Deng Xiaoping left after two days of guiding preparations for the uprising two months before the uprising, and was appointed political commissar of the Eighth Red Army three or four weeks after the uprising.

The Longzhou Uprising and the establishment of the Eighth Red Army were not approved by the central government. Therefore, the Longzhou Uprising was organized by the Guangxi Front Committee of the Communist Party of China (later known as the Seventh Red Army Front Committee, Secretary: Chen Haoren) It is held temporarily under specific leadership. However, due to Longzhou's international status, its political influence is greater, and it has also received enthusiastic praise from central leader Li Lisan. However, due to the political weakness and military shortsightedness of the leaders who participated in the uprising, the preparations before the uprising were poorly done, and the transformation of old officers after the uprising also appeared hesitant. Therefore, although the uprising was temporarily victorious, the Eighth Red Army soon failed.

Regarding the failure of the Eighth Red Army, He Shichang, who served as Secretary of the Military Commission and Director of the Political Department, had limited work capabilities, and military leader Yu Zuoyu should have made greater mistakes. Deng Xiaoping, who did not enter the situation of the uprising and the army, basically should not bear any responsibility.