Bipolar disorder

Bipolar Disorder

The origin of the name "Bipolar"

Bipolar disorder also refers to bipolar disorder, which is abbreviated as BD. It also has an old name called manic-depressive psychosis, so it is also called bipolar disorder.

in the mid-19th century, mania and depression began to be regarded as different aspects of a single disease, which was called "alienists" (circulatory psychosis) in French.

At the beginning of the 2th century, when establishing circulatory psychosis, German psychiatrist EmilKraepelin separated bipolar disorder from early-onset dementia (later called schizophrenia).

The Manual of Diagnosis and Statistics of Mental Disorders (3rd edition) (DSM-I) published in p>198 renamed bipolar disorder.

what is bipolar disorder?

The key feature of bipolar disorder is extreme mood swings, from the peak of mania to the trough of severe depression.

In the "peak" state of mania, patients experience the following different combinations of moods:

cheerful or euphoric mood (extremely happy or ecstatic);

impatience (extreme anger and sensitivity);

the need for sleep is reduced;

have exaggerated feelings about themselves and their abilities;

more talkative;

thinking in flight or jumping from one idea to another;

increased activity and energy level;

changes in thinking, attention and perception;

impulsive and reckless behavior.

what is bipolar disorder?

these appear alternately intermittently, and during the intermission, the patient becomes:

depressed, sad, gloomy or "extremely depressed";

not interested in what he or she usually likes;

weight loss and loss of appetite;

feel tired and have difficulty falling asleep;

feel guilty about himself or herself or feel guilty;

it is difficult to concentrate or make a decision;

I often want to commit suicide and so on.

types of bipolar disorder

1. patients with bipolar disorder type I

have symptoms of mania (at least once) and the symptoms last for more than one week;

the patient has symptoms of depression (not everyone has this symptom).

2. Patients with bipolar disorder II

have experienced severe depression at least once in their lives;

the symptoms of mild mania lasted for some time.

3. Patients with circular mood

suffer from both hypomania and depression for more than two years;

The symptoms of patients do not meet the diagnostic conditions of type I or II affective disorder, but they still have a serious impact on patients' lives.

how to get along with people with bipolar disorder?

1. Accept and understand

Keep caring and understanding when their emotions fluctuate violently. On the premise of ensuring safety, accept his arrogance, exaggeration and omnipotence during manic attacks, adopt an attitude of disapproval and opposition, and understand their inner pain and struggle. Don't belittle, judge or criticize in language, don't alienate, escape or force changes in behavior ...

2. Help him manage himself

Help him record his "thoughts, behaviors and emotions" by keeping a diary, and enhance his awareness of his behavior, emotions and thoughts. Help him realize the harm of certain behaviors and establish a safe and healthy alternative; Through the identification and awareness of emotions, help him control his emotions; Identify exaggerated delusions and help him establish a correct cognition.

3. Encourage the establishment of healthy living habits

Encourage him to take proper physical exercise, regularly eat three meals and work and rest time, encourage him to participate in some group activities or parties, encourage him to engage in realistic interpersonal communication, work and study, and encourage him to cultivate his hobbies ... Give more encouragement and affirmation, and make practical goals according to the actual situation, and don't rush into it.

4. Help him learn to love himself

Help him accept himself, establish a correct cognition, accept that he is not perfect, and accept his mood disorder ...