How can I learn English well quickly?

A preliminary study on the memory method of English words

Research shows that memory plays an important role in the process of acquiring knowledge, especially in language learning. However, foreign language textbooks and language teaching manuals often turn a blind eye to this. This paper expounds the methods of memorizing English words in detail, which will help you get rid of the bondage of "mechanical memory" and master English vocabulary better.

[Keywords:] improve memory skills, teaching methods, action memory principles.

Research shows that mnemonics plays an important role in knowledge acquisition, especially in language learning. However, mnemonics are largely ignored in language learning materials and language teaching manuals. This paper introduces the methods of memorizing English words in detail, which will help you get rid of the mechanical memory method and master English vocabulary.

[Keywords:] skills to improve memory, teaching methods, principles of action.

In the process of learning English, the memory of English vocabulary is very important. Vocabulary, as the cornerstone of building an English knowledge building, should be given special attention. Therefore, whether you can memorize English words skillfully becomes the key for a person to break through English quickly. However, after mastering a certain number of words, many learners still can't get rid of the memory mode of "rote memorization", which leads to a waste of time, energy and poor results. The author expounds the principles and skills of memorizing English words from a new angle, so as to guide educators to pay more attention to and improve methods, and thus get rid of the indoctrination memory mode of students' "mechanical memory".

I. Introduction

Memory is a psychological process, a process from "memory" to "memory". The memory of English words is different from that of other knowledge systems. Influenced by China's study habits, ignorance of laws and lack of willpower, it is difficult for learners to get out of the misunderstanding of "rote learning". Before improving the memory method, we must concentrate our attention, make clear our goals, stimulate our interest in memory, and make preparations for conquering English vocabulary memory.

Second, the principle of action.

Action principle is based on the knowledge of memory psychology and the characteristics of English word memory.

A is the abbreviation of Association, which means that when we remember English words, we should not remember them in isolation, but give full play to our thinking potential and remember related words together. "Association" radiates in a wide range, which can be from the local to the whole, or other things, or a kind of things thought of by a certain feature, or an extended association in pronunciation, word form and meaning. For example, the memory word mare (mare, donkey) can be associated with the homophone mayor in pronunciation, while the words donkey and mule are related in meaning. We can think of a series of words: caution, boldness, adventure, adventure, adventure, adventure, adventure, adventure, adventure, adventure, adventure, adventure. The principle of association is the key to enlarge vocabulary and achieve the memory effect of "killing many birds with one stone".

C is the abbreviation of Contrast, which means that by contrast, attention is paid to nuances, thus deepening the impression and making it easy to remember.

For example:

Ambitious ambitious-ambiguous;

A pleasant pheasant, a pheasant

Today, today-flatterer

Fable fairy tale-weakness

Study and study-strong, strong

Anecdotal Stories-Antidote Antidote

The principle of contrast can be regarded as a convenient link to remember words from differences.

T is the abbreviation of text environment. A word is out of the context of actual use, so it is difficult to remember that it can be used. Put vocabulary in context, improve cognitive ability through repeated reading, and finally achieve the purpose of memory. Context memory is a vocabulary memory strategy highly praised by language teaching experts and psychologists at home and abroad.

I stands for abbreviation of induction. Induction is introduced into English vocabulary memory through personal exploration and discovery of general rules, which means discovering rules through a single word, and then further exploring, summarizing and unifying memory. For example, some words have changed their meanings after adding the suffix "-er", and some words no longer have the meaning of "person or thing".

Shower (shower, shower)

Counter (counter)

Drawer (drawer)

Bow (bow)-gazebo (shade, gazebo)

Sewing-Sewer (Sewer)

Jumpsuit (sleeveless dress)

Flower flower

There are many words with the above characteristics, which need to be further explored and summarized. For another example, not all words expressing identity should be suffixed with "-er" or "-or", and some words themselves indicate a certain identity, status and so on. ;

Judge-judge, referee chef-chef

Words with this rule also need to be summarized, and then inductive memory.

It can be seen that the principle of induction is the golden key to exploring laws and memorizing vocabulary.

O is the abbreviation of Observation. Observation is the premise of finding something, which requires us to start with the form of words when memorizing English vocabulary, and use the means of splitting and merging to decrypt the internal relations and remember them. For example:

Dustpan = dust+pan.

Peacock = pea+rooster.

Adolescence = one (one)+relief (relief)+scene (scenery)

Harassment = hag (witch)+grass (grass) will "gram"; Omit.

Another observation is to pay more attention to English-related things, such as English on commodity packaging, English on billboards, English on clothes and decorations, etc. If you are diligent in accumulating and reviewing, you will naturally remember them easily. The principle of observation is a magic weapon to simplify the complex and innovate the memory.

N is the abbreviation of note making. Taking notes is a means of accumulating knowledge. Memorizing English words requires taking notes, sorting out the main points and expressing your own experience.

For example:

Summary of homophones: peak, peek and pique [pi: k]

Rain, reins, rule

Summarize similar words: petals (petals), Haiyan (Haiyan), oil (gasoline), patrol (patrol);

Stimulation, simulation, accumulation and imitation.

Taking notes is a summary of memory skills and examples, which will certainly help to explore the essence of memory methods in a deeper level.

The good application of the action principle will make you take fewer detours in the process of memorizing English vocabulary, entertain and entertain, and draw inferences from others, thus quickly breaking through the word fortress.

Third, give examples of memory methods.

There are many ways to remember English words. The most important thing is to follow the principles and find a method that suits you.

1, root affix mnemonic method

As the name implies, by memorizing root affixes, we can infer the meaning of new words containing such root affixes and strengthen our memory.

There are two kinds of roots. One is the root, from which many words with the same root can be derived, and it is also an independent word. For example, as an independent word, easy is the root of easy, easy and easy.

The other is a root that cannot be used independently, but it has a basic meaning, which is roughly the same in different words. For example, the two words "mirror" and "mirage", in which the root of "mir" is equivalent to "wonderful" and "surprising", meaning "strange and amazing".

So: the mirror [mir is surprised,-or represents the object; Surprisingly, at first people were surprised that the mirror could reflect their own figure. ]

Mirage [Mill surprised,-age noun suffix; Amazing scenery. ]

Through the medium of "root", each word has a certain connection and is easy to remember.

Affixes include prefixes and suffixes, and the "affixes" memory method is mainly used to remember "derivatives", that is, "new words produced by adding affixes before or after the root."

For example, the word postscript is prefixed with "post-", which means "after" and "script" means "written material". After written materials, isn't it "supplementary text (attachment)"?

Another example is the word "brochure". "-let" is a suffix, meaning "small". Obviously, "brochure" means "brochure".

It is a pleasure to memorize words and analyze the source of words by root affixes. As for the common roots and affixes, I won't go into details here. Teachers should supplement them in the teaching process.

2, sound, shape, meaning memory method

The memory method of sound, shape and meaning mainly starts with the sound, shape and meaning of words, and follows the principles of association, comparison and induction.

① Phonetic words and morphological words

Phonetic words refer to words with similar pronunciations, such as oculd and orphan, while morphological words refer to words with similar forms, such as eject and reject.

② Homographs and homonyms

Homographs refer to words with the same spelling but different meanings, such as bat (racket) and bat (bat) with the same form but different meanings. Another example: lead [Li: d] and lead【led] have the same form, different meanings and different pronunciations.

Homonyms refer to words with the same pronunciation but different meanings. For example, bear and bear have the same spelling, the same pronunciation but different meanings, and meat and meet have different spellings, the same pronunciation but different meanings.

③ Synonyms and antonyms

Synonyms refer to words with the same or similar meanings, such as happy and happy.

Antonyms refer to words with opposite or relative meanings, such as raw and cooked.

(4) palindromes, mixed words and variant words.

Palindrome is a word that can be read both forward and backward. There are two kinds of palindromes. One is that the words read backwards are the same as the original words, such as level, meet, civic, madam and so on. The other is that reverse words are different from the original words to generate new words, such as but -tub, bin -nib and time.

Compound words, also known as patchwork words, consist of two words, such as smoke+fog = smog.

Communication+satellite = communication satellite.

Medical care+nursing = medical insurance, work+welfare = work welfare, etc.

Morphemes refer to new words or phrases that change the alphabetical order of verbs or phrases, such as: eat -tea, part -trap, dirty room-suddess, woman Hitler-mother-woman, etc.

⑤ Onomatopoeic words and transliterated words

Onomatopoeic words are words that simulate the sounds made by objects, people and animals, for example, bomb (bomb; Bombing) [quasi-bomb explosion], crackle (crackle) [quasi-crackle], grunt (grumble, complain) [quasi-grunt], grunt (whisper, stumble) [quasi-whisper], roar (growl, growl) makes the beast roar], owl [

Transliteration words are words transformed from transliteration, and most of them are words created in the process of vocabulary development and translation. There are three situations: English transliteration into Chinese, Chinese translation into English and phonetic coupling.

Example: English is translated into Chinese: humor, coffee, tank, sofa.

Chinese is translated into English: fee (fee), KWTOW (kowtow, kowtow), litchi (litchi), typhoon (typhoon).

Pronunciation coupling between Chinese and English: scan, tow, loot, bandage.

There are many types of words generated according to the relationship between pronunciation, morphology and meaning, so I won't list them here. Teachers are required to guide students to observe and compare in the teaching process, cultivate interest, and start with pronunciation, word form and meaning, and summarize the memorized vocabulary in blocks.

3. Interesting mnemonics

Humor memorization method is based on the relationship between pronunciation, word form and meaning, and uses humor and absurd misinterpretation to memorize vocabulary.

For example: morose =mo (dialect, not) +rose (rose). Imagine how Valentine's Day without roses can not be "sad and depressed".

Ponderous (heavy), listen to the pronunciation, called "fat death", think about it, "fat death", can you not "heavy"?

Another example is to remember a set of words, such as engineer, colleague, pioneer, profiteer, helm, sneer and volunteer, which we can understand humorously:

Pioneer despises snobs (peers) and profiteers (profiteers) and voluntarily becomes an engineer (helmsman). Another example is remembering the word Nepal. A more romantic and humorous way is to remember the first letter of each word in the following sentence: Never part like lovers.

4. Sensory memory method

Sensory memory method is a method to mobilize ears, mouth, eyes and hands to unify listening, speaking, reading and writing to achieve the purpose of memory. The advantage of this method is to communicate the connections between different parts of the cerebral cortex and reduce forgetting. We can remember in one go, and we can also pay attention to the English around us, such as English on electrical equipment, English on product manuals, various warnings and slogans. We can also listen to foreign songs and enjoy foreign movies and TV programs ... we can remember them again and again.

For example, many brands of batteries have the words (battery) on the outer packaging, many shampoo bottles have the words "shampoo", ATMs have the words "ATM", and some drug packages have the words "OTC".

In the teaching process, teachers should properly infiltrate relevant knowledge and educate students to observe and accumulate more.

5, classified memory method

Classified memory is a method of classifying and summarizing vocabulary according to theme, scope and other conditions, and then memorizing it comprehensively. We can classify medical care, shopping and foreign trade, or summarize them according to time, determination and attitude, and then remember them according to the memory principle.

For example, according to the classification of literary forms, we can sum up many words: biography, prose, reportage, memoir, travel notes, prose, novel and so on.

There are many ways to remember English words, besides those listed above, there are proverbs, rhymes, cards and so on. We should follow the principle of memory and take memorizing words as a pleasure. Teachers should guide students to think more and contact more in the teaching process, and make necessary supplements to some knowledge involved. In fact, memorizing English words is a very interesting and attractive science. Accumulate more, review more, explore more and grasp the rules, and we will certainly get out of the quagmire of "rote memorization".

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