High density aquaculture technology

High-density aquaculture technology, in life, I believe many small partners have more or less learned about aquaculture, and the development of intensive high-density aquaculture technology plays an important role in future aquaculture. Next, I sorted out the high-density farming techniques.

High-density culture technology 1 1. High-density culture technology

1, cage culture

This culture method can be divided into three categories: coarse culture, semi-fine culture and fine culture. Among them, coarse culture refers to the survival of fish by getting food on their own, rather than artificially feeding. Coarse culture is more suitable for filter-feeding fish, such as silver carp and bighead carp, so that they can independently catch microorganisms and floating objects in the water for a living.

Semi-intensive cultivation refers to using local materials according to the existing conditions near local fish ponds, such as adding some rice husks or other agricultural and sideline products with low protein content. Intensive cultivation is the opposite. It needs to rely on human input of high-protein raw materials, such as earthworms and pupae. Intensive culture and semi-intensive culture are fish-eaters, such as grass carp, carp and catfish, and usually their yields are relatively high.

2, running water fish farming

This method is widely used in the Pearl River Delta in China, so it also creates a combination of mulberry planting and planting in the Pearl River Delta, which is a very efficient method. Flowing fish pond water can irrigate farmland mulberry fields;

On the other hand, the silkworm chrysalis cultivated by mulberry and rice in paddy field provides raw materials for fish in fish ponds, which greatly reduces the breeding cost. At the same time, the meat quality of fish is more delicious and the fish itself is more nutritious. This method is suitable for feeding grass carp, carp, tilapia and other fish.

Second, the matters needing attention in high-density culture

1. In fact, there are many points that need attention in high-density culture, such as the quality of water and the depth of farm land, which are all points that need attention in daily life. Because of high-density farming, oxygen in water is easy to be insufficient. If the fish is not active, it is necessary to put some catfish to stimulate the fish to swim, which not only increases the oxygen in the water, but also is conducive to the healthy growth of the fish.

2. Patrol and inspection should be strengthened at ordinary times, and an infected fish should not stay in the pond, which may damage a pond of fish and cause great losses. Therefore, patrol inspection is essential.

High-density aquaculture technology is not only a concern of farmers, but also a concern of the industry. Because the development of intensive high-density aquaculture technology is the general trend, it plays an increasingly important role in aquaculture in China. It also makes it necessary to seek better and higher technology in order to survive in today's fierce competitive environment.

These are the requirements and influences on the industry and farmers. For us ordinary people and consumers, the development of high-density fish culture technology is like gospel, because high-density fish culture means an increase in output, so we can often eat the fish we want.

High-density aquaculture technology 2 (1) Selection technology of environmental conditions for fish culture

(1) Fish ponds are divided into several types: greenhouse cement ponds, rural reservoirs, mountain ponds, deep-water lakes and river cages. These are the necessary environments for high-density fish farming.

(2) How to build a fish pond? Fish pond area 1 0-200mu, water depth needs1,5-2, 5m. Fish ponds cover an area of 5-20 mu. Rectangular fish ponds are suitable. The bottom of the pond is flat and slightly inclined to the outlet. The edge of the pond ridge should be sealed with cement to prevent the fish pond from being damaged by fish.

(3) The water inlet and outlet facilities are complete, and the irrigation and drainage capacity is preferably about 30% of the daily water exchange.

(4) Sufficient water (preferably long running water in rural areas), fresh water, no pollution, equipped with necessary mechanical equipment such as aerator and bait feeder.

(B) High-density fish water quality management technology

(1) Keep the water quality "fat, alive, tender and cool": fertilizer refers to all kinds of animals and plants floating in the pond; Or the color of water will change in the morning and at night, and flagellates will dominate. Tenderness means that the water quality is fat, fat but not old, that is, high-quality algae grow in the growth period;

Cool means talking about water. Except plankton and suspended organic matter, there is not much suspended matter. The clarity of water is 25-40cm, preferably mountain spring water. Therefore, water quality is a condition for high-density culture.

(2) Regular replenishment and replacement of water quality is the most extensive, economical and applicable technical method to keep the pool water clear. Under normal circumstances, water quality control, add fresh water every 7- 10 days, each time about 20 cm; Change the water once a month, 30% each time, and the clarity of the water in the pond is kept at about 30, which provides a good ecological environment for the healthy growth of fish. If it is a pond with stagnant water and no living water, it is difficult to raise fish in high density.

(3) Feeding mode selection technology

The selection of feeding methods is also an important technology for high-density fish culture. The main fish should be prominent and properly matched with other fish. The same species of fish should be consistent, and the fish can be roughly divided into three types: upper, middle and lower. According to the combination of these three types, we can make full use of the water space of aquaculture, effectively remove the residual bait in fish ponds and adjust the water quality.

Under normal circumstances, the standard of silver carp and fish culture in fish ponds with rich water bodies should account for 60%, and the rest fish species should account for 40% (such as grass carp, bream, carp, crucian carp, etc.). ); In fish ponds with thin water bodies, grass, bream and other fish culture standards should account for 60%, and other fish species should account for 40% (such as silver carp, bighead carp and crucian carp).

High-density aquaculture technology 3 i. Culture conditions

The water quality of source water conforms to GB 32097 "Seawater Quality Standard". The aquaculture water is extracted by sand filtration, the salinity is controlled at 1.5‰~ 30‰, the pond area is 0.05 ~ 0.3 hectares, and the water depth is controlled at1.5 ~ 2m. It is equipped with a central drainage system (water is discharged from the central gate of the pond to the tail water treatment tank, and discharged after purification).

Second, the preparation before stocking

1, solar pool.

Drain the water in the aquaculture pond, fully expose it to the sun and rinse it clean.

2, disinfection.

Spray (70 ~ 80) × 10-6 bleaching powder (available chlorine content is 28 ‰ ~ 32 ‰) disinfectant on the pond before entering the water, and spray the plastic-covered pond, the roof and its surroundings for disinfection; Spraying (30 ~ 40) × 10-6 bleaching powder on pond culture water at night for disinfection, turning off the aerator after stirring evenly, and turning on the aerator for aeration after 12 hours; After the residual chlorine disappears, beneficial algae and bacteria are cultivated.

3. Cultivate water.

Good algae phase and bacteria phase are necessary conditions for seedling release. Fertilizing fertilizers include organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers. Organic fertilizer should be fully fermented (mixed with beneficial microbial preparations) before use. The ratio of inorganic fertilizer is N∶P= 10∶ 1, and the amount of fertilizer applied depends on the water quality and color. The quality of aquaculture water should be fresh, not too thick, too fat and too greasy, which is beneficial to microorganisms (Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, etc. ) should be properly applied to make beneficial microorganisms form a dominant population in water.

Third, stock trading.

1, seed selection. To select high-quality fry that have passed the specific SPF test, it is required that the larvae have good vitality, neat individuals, normal body color, clean body surface without attachments, and no jejunum empty stomach phenomenon.

2. seedling size. The appropriate body length is 1 ~ 1 and 2 cm.

3. Sowing weather. Seedlings are planted in sunny days, with the water temperature of 22 ~ 32℃ and the optimum water temperature of 25 ~ 30℃. When the temperature difference exceeds 3℃, plastic bags containing seedlings should be put into the pool water until the temperature is suitable. Seedlings should not be planted in windy and rainstorm days.

4. Salinity of seedlings. When seedlings are released, the salinity difference between pond water and seedling pond is less than 5. If it exceeds this range, it will be diluted or salinized.

5. Planting density. (120 ~160) ×104/hectare.