How to carry out aesthetic education in the teaching of ancient poetry

In primary school Chinese textbooks, ancient poetry is an indispensable and important content. Ancient poetry is not only a language art, but also a comprehensive art including music and painting. It is a rich artistic treasure house with great aesthetic value, special aesthetic function and strong artistic charm, and it is an inexhaustible treasure for us to implement aesthetic education. In the teaching of ancient poetry, we should actively advocate the concept of "aesthetics", fully tap the aesthetic value of ancient poetry, improve students' cultural literacy through the teaching of ancient poetry, guide students to gain the influence of beauty from ancient poetry, and improve their ability to feel and create beauty.

First, taste the language beauty of ancient poetry.

Literature is the art of language, and ancient poetry is written in the most pithy language. Therefore, guiding students to taste the beauty of language in the teaching of ancient poetry is of great significance for understanding the ideological content and writing art of ancient poetry and improving students' ability to use language.

For example, Li Bai's "Sitting alone in Jingting Mountain": "Birds fly high, and lonely clouds go to leisure alone. Seeing each other tirelessly, only Jingting Mountain. " The rhymes of "leisure", "tiredness" and "mountain" in the second, third and fourth sentences in the poem fully show the beauty of language phonology. A few figures in the poem describe several pictures of "birds flying away", "lonely clouds" and "facing the mountain", which makes the poet's lonely image vivid on the paper at that time.

The language of ancient poetry is concise and vivid, and exaggeration, metaphor and symbol are often used to enhance the expressive force of poetry. For example, "Sleeping in a Mountain Temple": "A dangerous building is 100 feet high, and you can pick up stars with your hands. I dare not speak loudly for fear of scaring people. " The poet described the height of the building as "100 feet high" and "reaching for the stars" with great exaggeration. He also wrote "Silence of the Night" with "I dare not speak loudly for fear of scaring people". Another example is "Looking at Dongting Lake": "The lake and the moon are in harmony, and there is no wind mirror on the surface of the pool. Looking at Dongting Lake, there is a green snail in the silver plate. " As far as the eye can see, the poet compares the beautiful Dongting Lake to an unpolished mirror, the water color of Dongting Lake to a "silver plate" and the handsome Junshan to a "green snail".

These poems are beautiful to read and benefit a lot. When learning these beautiful ancient poems, students should feel the beauty of language imperceptibly in analyzing words, strengthen their perception and understanding of language through different forms of reading aloud, help students explore the beauty of language in poems, stimulate their interest in learning ancient poems, and cultivate their ability to choose words and make sentences in time.

Second, feel the beauty of ancient poetry.

Su Shi, a famous writer in the Song Dynasty, commented on the misty rain in Lantian by Wang Wei, a great poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty, saying: "Those who are charming in poetry have paintings; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " It can be seen that poetry and painting have something in common.

Poetry is full of poetry, poetry can not be separated from painting, and painting can give poetry. Poetry and painting can be connected because they have certain aesthetic characteristics. A poem itself is a picture. Drawing according to the content of poetry and helping students understand poetry is one of my common means in the teaching of ancient poetry.

For example, "Fishing Song" was written by Zhang, who is both a poet and a painter, so it is very poetic. In early spring, the distant mountains have just been covered with a little green. Egrets flying from rice fields hover in front of the mountain. Pink peach petals fall on the blue waves of spring water. Pale yellow mandarin fish sometimes jump out of the water. The fisherman, wearing a blue hat and grass-green hemp fiber, stopped on the waves in spring. How bright the colors are and how fresh the picture is. However, the intentional author has captured a layer of oblique wind and drizzle for it, and the whole world is immersed in a misty rain, which is quiet and beautiful. The whole poem is a combination of dynamic and static, with beautiful artistic conception, lively words and full of interest, which vividly shows the fisherman's carefree life interest.

When learning this word, I guide the students to turn this poem into a beautiful landscape painting. After the students began to paint, I guided them to understand the meaning of poetry, so that the poetry was three-dimensional and vivid in front of them, and fully mobilized the students' existing knowledge and life experience, boldly imagined, greatly enriching the picture, allowing students to feel the beauty in the picture through vision and confirm it with the poem, so as to gain aesthetic pleasure, and then appreciate the beauty of the picture and help students better. This not only cultivates students' ability of observation and imagination, but also makes them really feel the beauty of vivid, static and dynamic pictures in poetry.

Third, understand the artistic conception beauty of ancient poetry.

In addition to vivid images, ancient poems also create artistic beauty of blending scenes. The so-called artistic conception is the artistic realm formed by the integration of the artist's aesthetic experience, aesthetic taste and ideal with the refined and processed life picture. Poetry reflects life and expresses feelings through artistic conception. As far as ancient poetry is concerned, poets often pin their feelings and wishes on the objective things they describe, so that natural things seem to have human feelings, thus creating a wonderful realm of blending scenes, that is, the beauty of "poetry and painting." The artistic beauty of poetry is varied, some are magnificent, gorgeous and slender; Some are sad and sad; Some people are bold and cautious; Some are subtle and elegant, and there are thousands of scenes. A poem is one or more pictures, which contains emotions besides things.

Let students enter the artistic conception of ancient poetry and guide them to watch illustrations. Decorative illustrations should be detailed and comprehensive, which should not only be carefully observed locally, but also be viewed as a whole, so as to combine point with surface. For example, the illustrations in the poem Seeing should not only make students carefully observe the shepherd boy in the painting, but also make them feel the overall environment in the painting, so as to initially feel the image of the protagonist in the poem and its environment: on a sunny summer morning, a shepherd boy rode a yellow cow into a dense forest. Dressed in red and hat, he looked at a cicada on a willow branch. In addition, it is necessary to render the situation, guide students to "penetrate the text into the emotion", and let students experience the poet's feelings and then the artistic beauty of poetry. For example, in the poem "Walking on the Mountain", there is such a picture: a winding path leads directly to the deep mountain, and there are several families in the misty forest. Autumn is full of people's imagination. Accompanied by elegant guzheng music, the students sang softly and entered the wonderful artistic conception of Du Mu's works ... From moving pictures and loving music, the students imagined, tasted and felt the artistic charm of poetry.

In the teaching of ancient poetry, teachers should guide students into the artistic conception of poetry, let them see the scenery, things and people, understand the feelings expressed by poets, and be influenced by a culture and beauty.

Fourth, explore the inner beauty of ancient poetry.

Ancient poets often integrate their sentiments and ideals into the description of scenery, or give people inspiration or enlightenment, so their poems contain profound philosophy. For example, Lu You's poem "Visit Shanxi Village" "Don't laugh at farm wine and wine, and leave enough chickens and dolphins in good years. There is no doubt about the mountains and rivers, and there is another village in the dark. " Beautiful scenery is difficult to write, and writing scenery has a certain philosophy, which has become a famous sentence sung through the ages. It seems hopeless to describe being in trouble. Suddenly, out of nowhere, new opportunities appear, and confidence in overcoming difficulties increases.

Another example is Su Shi's "Title Xilin Wall", which is regarded as a mountain peak on one side of the ridge with different heights. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am only on this mountain. "On the surface, it is written about Lushan Mountain, but in fact, it illustrates a truth: only by comprehensively observing and understanding everything, not limited to a corner, can we get a correct understanding.

According to the characteristics of these ancient poems, in order to make students deeply understand the inherent beauty of ancient poems, our teachers should guide students to appreciate the artistic interest of poems in teaching, so that students can understand the inherent beauty of ancient poems in the lively and interesting teaching of teachers. In addition, let the students talk about their understanding of the truth in the poem and apply it to life. When learning the poem "There is no road to doubt when mountains are heavy and rivers are heavy, and there is another village in the dark", students can be guided to use famous ancient poems and sentences. Last night, when I was doing a math problem, I couldn't find the correct solution despite constant thinking and repeated calculations. Dad came over and gave me some advice. I solved the problem quickly. This is really' there is no way to doubt, and there is another village'! When teaching Topic Xilin Wall, we should emphasize words such as horizontal, lateral, far, near, high and low, and realize that the poet is carefully observing and appreciating every place when he is in Lushan Mountain. Let the students feel that the poet's observation place and angle are changing through reading, and the scene they see is different, so the poet says "I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain". You can contact the learned texts, such as drawing carambola, to help students understand that the results are different from different angles.

In a word, classical poetry is the crystallization of the splendid culture of our great nation for 5,000 years and is our precious wealth. It is our bounden duty to lead students into the ancient art halls, taste the beauty of language, feel the beauty of pictures, realize the beauty of artistic conception and explore the inner beauty of ancient poetry. We should try our best to make ancient poetry take root in children's hearts, let them receive profound and comprehensive aesthetic education while learning ancient poetry, and let the essence of classical literature blend into the blood and fragrance of their lives.