Introduce the customs of Langzhong.

Langzhong has a rich history and culture. Langzhong has a long history, which has been more than 2300 years since Qinjian County was founded in 365,438+04 BC. The cultural remains here are like stars, with great development potential. Mainly as follows:

Fengshui culture

Langzhong Ancient City is surrounded by water on three sides and mountains on all sides, which has won the essence of China's traditional geomantic theory. It is a famous "Geomantic Ancient City" in China, with mountains and rivers interdependent and natural and cultural landscapes blended.

Three cultures

During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhang Fei, a famous Shu-Han soldier, defended Langzhong for seven years, galloped the battlefield and finally returned to Langzhou, leaving a battlefield site. There are countless legends.

Astronomical culture

In the Western Han Dynasty, Luo Xiahong created the taichu calendar Law and invented the armillary sphere, which attracted worldwide attention. The father and son of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the three generations of Zhou's grandparents and grandchildren were fascinated by astronomy and achieved fruitful results.

-imperial examination culture. In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, Langzhong was the provincial capital in 17, and the Sichuan Provincial Examination ("Provincial Examination") held four subjects here, and it was only in the second year of Kangxi that it moved to Chengdu. The existing imperial examination shed in Qing Dynasty is one of the only two in China, and it is a precious historical witness of the imperial examination system in feudal society for more than 0/0,000 years.

Religious culture

Taoism, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity all preached and preached in Langzhong very early, and * * * lived and survived, resulting in a rich and colorful religious culture.

folk culture

Well-preserved courtyards and houses of ancient streets in the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties are simple and elegant, and all kinds of window decorations, ornaments and utensils are exquisite. Folk activities such as Bayu Dance, Shadow Play and Lantern Show are amazing.

In Langzhong City, Sichuan Province, a vinegar capital with a history of more than 2,000 years, soaking in vinegar bath has become another good place for people to entertain guests and eliminate fatigue.

When I came to the vinegar bathhouse, I saw the familiar big wooden barrels and ordinary water, which seemed to be no different from people taking a bath at ordinary times. However, the vinegar bathhouse uses a kind of health vinegar specially introduced by Langzhong, which is specially used for bathing, which can lower people's blood pressure, treat skin diseases and help to lose weight.

A big wooden bucket is filled with a bucket of hot water. Watching the purple vinegar slowly pour into the water, smelling a little sour vinegar, really makes the skin immersed in comfort and laziness. After soaking for 10 minutes, the waiter will sprinkle some roses, which will really make people feel the unspeakable taste of vinegar and flowers.

In Sichuan, there has always been a famous saying that "less salt and more vinegar". The ancient city of Langzhong has been producing vinegar for more than 400 years. It not only produces household vinegar, but also produces hot pot vinegar, health vinegar, banquet vinegar and beverage vinegar. Vinegar is both a condiment and a health product here. Sour vinegar has left a long vinegar culture in the ancient city.

[Edit this paragraph] Famous cultural city

Langzhong, named after Langzhong Mountain and Langshui, is surrounded by Langzhong Mountain and Langshui. In the Neolithic Age, people lived in Langzhong. Xia Dynasty was Liangzhou's territory, Shang Dynasty was Pakistan, and Zhou Dynasty was Pakistan. Qin Huiwen established a county in the 11th year of Empress Yuan (3 14 BC). Except for the Sui Dynasty, which was changed to Langnei County, Langzhong was named in all previous dynasties.

Langzhong City in Han Dynasty is in the northern suburb of this city. Later, the city gradually moved south because of the river, and it was stable in today's urban area during the Tang and Song Dynasties. In ancient times, Langzhong, as a traffic tunnel from Qin to Shu and a commodity distribution center in Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Hubei and Guangzhou, became an economic and military town in northern Sichuan, a place where military and political officials stayed for holidays and a battleground for military strategists because of its dangerous terrain, convenient transportation and rich products. At the end of the Warring States Period, Langzhong City became the capital of Pakistan. From the sixth year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (20 1) to the early years of the Republic of China, it was the land of county, state, government and Taoism. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhang Fei, a general of Shu, was stationed in Langzhong for seven years and was buried here. In the Tang Dynasty, Lu Wanglingkui and Teng Ying went out of Langzhong successively. In the Five Dynasties, Tang Tiancheng established the Baoning Army in Langzhong in four years, and the Ande Army in the Northern Song Dynasty. During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Yulang was named the birthday star. In the Qing Dynasty, the General Staff Department of North Sichuan Town was located in Langzhong. During the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, Langzhong was established in the temporary provincial capital of Sichuan for more than ten years. The Governor of Sichuan and Yushi were both stationed in Jielang, and they took four subjects after the provincial examination. From 1933 to 1935, the Red Fourth Army fought in Langzhong for three years, and established the General Political Department of the Fourth Army and the Military Department of the 33rd Army in the county. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the appeasement office of Sichuan-Shaanxi-Hubei border region and Bashan garrison headquarters were both located in Langzhong. In modern times, with the opening of baoji-chengdu railway and highways, the main traffic tunnels in northern Sichuan moved westward and Langzhong was left out in the cold. Since 1980s, the urban construction in Langzhong has developed gradually. 199 1, Langzhong withdrew its county to set up a city, 1992 was listed as a fully open city, and 1993 was listed as a provincial city. In 2005, it was rated as an excellent tourist city in China.

Langzhong county has a history of more than 2300 years. The history of Langzhong City can be traced back to before Pakistan moved its capital to Langzhong in 330 BC. For thousands of years, the management and development of Langzhong ancient city has created a colorful "Yuen Long Wonderland" and accumulated rich and profound history and culture. 1June, 984, Langzhong was listed as a famous historical and cultural city in Sichuan Province. 1986 65438+February, the State Council approved Langzhong as a national historical and cultural city. Langzhong ancient city is located at the intersection of Daba Mountain, Jianmen Mountain and Jialing River, and it is surrounded by mountains and waters, forming a beautiful place where mountains and rivers closely fit together. The geographical location, urban site selection and architectural layout of the ancient city are all deeply related to the traditional geomantic theory. The mountains, water and city are integrated into one, with typical ancient urban architectural style and strong traditional cultural color. There are many cultural relics and historic sites in the city with picturesque natural scenery. Throughout the ages, the ancient city of Langzhong, with its unique charm, has made countless poets linger and linger. Du Fu, Yuan Zhen, Li, Yuan Tiangang, Sima Guang, Su Shi, Lu You, Feng Zikai, etc. He visited Langchang successively, leaving behind many famous poems and precious Mo Bao.

In the early 1980s, the urban construction department formulated the protection plan of the ancient city according to the principle of "protecting the ancient city and developing the new district". Later, it invested in the restoration and expansion of scenic spots, protected a number of important cultural relics and valuable ancient streets and houses in the city, and protected and restored scenic spots along Jialing River in the south of the city and two scenic spots in Wangtengting and Baba Temple in the north of the city. The government has also announced a number of rural cultural relics as cultural relics protection units. Langzhong has formed a historical and cultural protection system with the ancient city as the center, one south and two north, and efforts outside the city. 1987165438+10, the national symposium on famous historical and cultural cities was held in Langzhong, which fully affirmed the value and protection of famous cultural cities in Langzhong. From April 65438 to April 0989, experts from National Cultural Heritage Administration published a paper entitled "Protection Mode of Langzhong Famous City" at the Beijing International Historical and Cultural City Protection Exchange Conference, which aroused great interest of experts and scholars at home and abroad. In recent years, the protection, transformation and construction of the ancient city have achieved initial results.

At present, Langzhong still retains the main historical blocks and traditional features. There are more than 200 ground cultural relics in China, including 4 national key cultural relics protection units, 3 provincial cultural relics protection units 100, and more than 0 county cultural relics protection units100. The number of national and provincial cultural relics protection units ranks first among county-level administrative regions in Sichuan Province. There are more than 3,000 cultural relics in the collection, including more than 2,000 national first-class cultural relics. The main attractions are the majestic hall, rigorous layout, simple and elegant Zhangfei Temple; There is Dongshan Garden, which consists of the Great Buddha in the Tang Dynasty, the Elephant House, Huangjiating, Zhuangyuan Cave, Weiziting, Xiangxiangtang and the White Pagoda in the Ming Dynasty (destroyed by the "5. 12 Wenchuan Earthquake" in 2008, the original 12 floor is 32 meters high, and now there are only 6 floors left); Baba Temple, an Islamic holy place in Lin Jing with pine trees and bamboos; There is a collection of buildings, platforms, pavilions and pavilions in one mountain, which integrates antiquity, elegance, strangeness and beauty.

Brilliant multiculturalism

First, primitive culture

Langzhong is one of the birthplaces of Chinese primitive culture. As early as the Neolithic Age, there were people here. Note in the History of Taoism: "All the capitals have deep Hua Xu, named after Hua Xu's residence, which is the land of Langzhong Yushui (namely, the Jialing River section of Langzhong)." Hua Xu is Fuxi's mother, and Fuxi's mother is in Langzhong, forming a chain of Fuxi culture with Ji Cheng in Gansu and Chen Zhou in Henan.

Second, the Pakistani culture

Langzhong is one of the central areas of ancient Ba people's activities, forming a rich and colorful Ba culture. The last capital of Pakistan is located in Langzhong. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Fan Mu, the leader of Langzhong Pakistanis, led seven Pakistanis to form the vanguard of the Han army, helping Liu Bang to "settle the Three Qin Dynasties". Today, we can still see the distinctive Ba people's legacy from the folk arts such as Ba people's dance, North Sichuan Lantern Opera, Nuo Opera, Niu Deng Ma Zhu and so on.

Third, Feng Shui culture.

Langzhong geomantic culture is unique. Langzhong is located in the northern margin of Sichuan Basin and the middle reaches of Jialing River, where Daba Mountain, Jianmen Mountain and Jialing River meet and converge, forming a well-protected place. "The river light surrounds the city wall on three sides, and the surrounding mountains are locked." Its mountains and rivers are unique and integrated. Its urban location is guided by China's ancient geomantic theory, which is very consistent with the images of "four geographical themes", namely "dragon", "sand", "cave" and "water". In the tourism master plan formulated by Sichuan Tourism Bureau, it has been listed as "China Fengshui Cultural Tourism Destination".

Fourth, the culture of the Three Kingdoms.

Langzhong is an important part of the cultural tourism line of the Three Kingdoms. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhang Fei, a general of Shu and Han Dynasties, was appointed as the prefect of Brazil. He stayed in Langzhong for seven years (AD 2 14-22 1). Here, he led 10,000 soldiers, defeated the attack of 30,000 troops led by Cao Cao's general Zhang He, and won the victory of "protecting the environment and protecting the people". On the eve of Liu Bei's attack on Wu, he was killed by his subordinates and Zhang Da and buried in Langzhong. Later generations built the "Huanhou Ancestral Hall" for him, and now it is a state-level cultural relics protection unit. In addition, Zhou Qun, Qiao Zhou, Ji Cheng, Huang Quan, the general of Zhenbei, and Ma Zhong, the general of Zhennan, are all Langzhong people.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) imperial examination culture

Langzhong imperial examination has a profound cultural background. Langzhong produced two top scholars, Yin Shu and Yin Ji in the Tang Dynasty, and Chen Yaomao and Chen Yaozi in the Song Dynasty, which are the places with the most top scholars in Sichuan. Gong Yuan was built in the Qing Dynasty and is still located in Xuedao Street, the ancient city of Langzhong. In the ninth year of Shunzhi (1652), the whole Sichuan was not peaceful, and the temporary provincial capital of Sichuan was located in Langzhong, where four subjects were held after having obtained the provincial examinations. According to the names listed in the Annals of Baoning Prefecture and Langzhong County, there are 404 candidates among Langzhong Jinshi1/KLOC-0, so it is known as the hometown of top scholars and candidates in Sichuan.

Six, astronomical culture

Langzhong is the research center of ancient folk astronomy in China. A famous calendar astronomer in the Western Han Dynasty, Luo Xiahong, was born in Langzhong. Taichu calendar, written by him, is the first complete written calendar in China. Luoxiahong is one of the founders of Huntian theory. Huntian theory is China's advanced theory of cosmic structure in ancient times. His improved equatorial armillary sphere has been used in China for two thousand years. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, three generations of astronomers, Zhou Qun, Zhou Shu, Zhou Ju and their grandchildren, were also Langzhong people. They built buildings in their own houses in Langzhong city, observed the astronomical phenomena and accumulated a lot of data. They have made great achievements in wind measurement, drought and flood disaster classification and prediction. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling observed the astronomical phenomena in Yuntai Mountain and Wencheng Mountain in Langzhong, and later "soared" here. In the Tang Dynasty, Yuan Tiangang and Li, two experts of Yin and Yang Feng Shui, observed the celestial phenomena in Langzhong, and were later buried together in Langzhong Palace, leaving many intriguing legends in the local area.

Seven. Religious culture

Langzhong has a long history of religious culture. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, Taoism, Buddhism and Islam were introduced into Langzhong, and then Christianity and Catholicism were introduced one after another. Christians built temples and churches here, forming a landscape in Langzhong's multi-culture. Islam's holy mosque, Baba Temple, Catholic relic Catholic Church, Langzhong Gospel Church, the largest Christian church in southwest China, yuntaiguan, Lv Zu Temple and Baxian Cave in Taoism, the Great Buddhist Temple, Kannonji, Ai 'an Temple, Wulong Temple, Yuanjue Temple, Qianfo Temple, Changqing Temple and Jingsheng Temple in Buddhism all have rich cultural connotations. There are so many religious and cultural relics in the same county, which is rare in the whole country.

Eight, folk culture

Langzhong folk culture is rich and colorful. The magnificent folk culture corridor is composed of touching money sticks, simple and hearty lanterns, Taiping bull lanterns, various paper-cutting and shadow play in northern Sichuan, Nuo play in Langzhong, which is known as the living fossil of drama, affectionate and beautiful folk songs, intriguing Sichuan opera aria and cadence teahouse storytelling.

Nine, food culture

Langzhong's food culture is well known. Baoning vinegar, white sugar steamed buns, Zhang Fei beef, Baoning pressed wine, preserved eggs, pickled bean noodles, spindle pot helmet, crispy pot helmet, hot cold noodles (beef cold noodles), beef and mutton chop suey noodles, soup noodles, northern Sichuan bean jelly, hot bean jelly and other well-known foods and snacks full of ancient folk customs are enough to feast your eyes.

X. Red culture

Langzhong was an important part of Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area during the Second Revolutionary Civil War. From 1933 to 1935, the Red Fourth Front Army fought in Langzhong for three years under the command of the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries such as Xu, Li Xiannian, Xu and Liao Chengzhi. More than 19000 people in the county participated in the Red Army and local armed organizations. When the Red Army withdrew from the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area, more than 1 1000 people accompanied the team during the Long March, including more than 500 women. After liberation, some of them became generals of the Republic of China, and some held important leadership positions in the party, government and military departments. According to statistics, in all previous revolutionary wars, more than 7,500 Red Army soldiers of Langzhong origin died, including more than 200 female Red Army soldiers. Up to now, there are still many red relics, such as the former site of Langnan County Committee, the former site of Langnan County Soviet, the red army stone inscription slogan group in Baoning Town, Langzhong Red Army Memorial Hall and so on.