Matters needing attention and disease prevention of raising pigs in autumn

First, the temperature is suitable in autumn, and fattening pigs have a strong appetite. This stage is a good opportunity for rapid growth. It is very important to optimize the feed formula reasonably and adjust the feeding method. The key point is to increase energy feed and improve the feed intake of pigs. Increase the proportion of corn in feed to more than 60%, and add 1% vegetable oil if possible, which can be more suitable for the growth needs of pigs. Bian Xiao is here to provide you with the feed formula for fattening pigs for your reference:

Medium-sized pig (40-70kg): corn 64%, wheat bran 13.5%, soybean meal 20%, premix 2%, feeding mode: free intake.

Big pig (60kg to slaughter): corn 64%, wheat bran 15.5%, soybean meal 18%, premix 2%, feeding mode: free intake.

In the feeding method, unlimited feeding can be adopted, and wet feeding of raw materials and drinking water alone can be adopted if there are artificial conditions.

Second, environmental control in autumn, the environment of pig farms changes greatly, which has a negative impact on pig production. Remind residents that environmental governance is more important.

1, temperature control. The temperature in the pigsty depends on the source and loss of heat in the pigsty. In the absence of heating equipment, the source of heat mainly depends on the heat and sunshine emitted by pigs, and the loss of heat is related to the structure, building materials, ventilation equipment and management of pig houses. The temperature difference between day and night in autumn can reach above 65438 00℃, which is easy to induce various diseases in pigs. Therefore, during this period, it is necessary to flexibly open and close the doors and windows, artificially narrow the temperature difference between day and night, make the large environment of the delivery house ventilated, and keep the small environment warm, and lift the tent according to the temperature situation.

2. Humidity control. Excessive humidity in piggery will affect the metabolism of pigs, which is one of the main causes of yellow and white dysentery in piglets, and will also induce diseases in muscles and joints. In order to prevent the humidity from being too high, we should first reduce the source of water vapor in the pigsty and wash the fence as little as possible. Keep the ground flat to avoid water accumulation. Turn on ventilation equipment properly, open and close doors and windows flexibly, and reduce indoor humidity. During the Mid-Autumn Festival and after that, the weather is mostly dry and cool. At this time, keeping warm and heating will inevitably lead to a certain degree of closure, and the humidity caused by water leakage and feces in the closed house will also increase relatively. Once the water pipe leaks, it should be repaired immediately.

3. Ventilation control. Due to the need of heat preservation, the air in the shed is relatively poor in autumn, and the probability that bacteria and viruses in the air are adsorbed on the body is greatly increased, which is easy to cause a large number of microorganisms and germs to multiply and increase the incidence of pigs. Effective ventilation can reduce the content of harmful gases and germs in the pigsty, so it is necessary to keep the air in the pigsty fresh regularly, open the slit window or tent in windy weather, and ventilate in time when there is no wind.

4. Lighting control. Prolonging light time can improve the libido of boars, and increasing light intensity can improve the semen quality of boars. It is suggested that the illumination time of boars should be 8- 10h, but the sunlight should not directly irradiate adult boars for a long time. Prolonging the light time or increasing the light intensity can also enhance the immune function and substance metabolism of piglets, and improve the weight gain speed and survival rate of piglets. Therefore, in cold weather, if doors and windows or tents are closed, lighting should be turned on appropriately to increase the light.

Iii. Hygiene 1 Disinfection

Before disinfection, the pigsty should be thoroughly cleaned, including the entrance to the pigsty and the walkways inside and outside the pigsty. All places where pigs and people pass should be thoroughly cleaned every day. Disinfection includes environmental disinfection and disinfection with pigs. The sanitation and disinfection system must be strictly implemented. Usually, caustic soda water is put into the disinfection pool at the entrance of the pigsty and replaced twice a week. Pigs transferred to other houses should be disinfected through the "buffer room". The pigs can be disinfected by potassium permanganate, peracetic acid, viagra, bacterial poisoning or toxic poisoning alternately, and at least 1 time per week in the pig house, and 1 time per day when an epidemic situation is found. Pay attention to cleaning the pigsty before disinfection, and use disinfectants alternately to avoid drug resistance.

2 deworming

Autumn is the key period of deworming, and the harm of parasites is invisible and lasting, causing serious losses to farmers. In this period, deworming is to remove parasites inside and outside pigs, make effective preparations for raising pigs in winter, and reduce economic losses. Levamisole or albendazole tablets are selected for deworming, and 25 mg per kilogram of pig's body weight is ground and mixed into feed to drive off parasites in the body. Spraying 3% ~ 5% trichlorfon solution on pig body surface to drive out ectoparasites. In order to strengthen the stomach, you can use 2 tablets of rhubarb soda per 10 kg of body weight and mix them into the feed for three times.

3 vaccine

Focus on vaccination against swine fever, pseudorabies and foot-and-mouth disease in autumn;

Four. disease

(1) Major pig diseases that are prone to occur

Classical swine fever, swine erysipelas, blue ear disease, pseudorabies, foot-and-mouth disease, rotavirus, hemophilia parasuis, infectious gastroenteritis, red dysentery of piglets, yellow and white dysentery, epidemic diarrhea, Eperythrozoon, Toxoplasma gondii, chlamydia and mycoplasma, acute rheumatism, etc. Parasitic diseases are mainly scabies, nematodes and trematodes.

② Prevention and control of major diseases

1 respiratory diseases

Blue ear disease is a disease caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, also known as reproductive and respiratory syndrome, which is difficult to remove. The main manifestations in autumn and winter are respiratory diseases, which mainly spread among pigs. Therefore, reducing the density is very important. In addition, it is recommended to use ceftiofur injection on days 3, 7, 2 1, 28, 35 and 42. Tamiflu, florfenicol, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxycycline and amoxicillin are recommended for pig care. The disease can be prevented by inactivated vaccine. If there is no virus infection, the vaccine should be injected.

Swine flu is caused by influenza A virus, which spreads rapidly in autumn and winter. When the disease is found in pigs, it will spread to the whole population within a few days, but the mortality rate is low and will generally disappear by itself. It is difficult to prevent and treat blue ear disease in clinic, especially when it exists, but in actual production, these two diseases always occur at the same time.

Autumn and winter are common seasons for pig asthma. Mycoplasma causes cough and asthma in pigs, reduces feed conversion rate and easily causes other bacterial diseases. Cough and asthma were obvious, and adhesion between the lungs was found at autopsy. To prevent this disease, we must first keep the dry environment in the house, and most piglets are infected in the delivery room. Therefore, preventive medication must be strengthened, and suckling piglets should adhere to three-needle health care, that is, long-acting oxytetracycline preparations should be used at 3 years old, 7 years old and 2 1 day old.

Step 2: diarrhea

Red-dysentery pigs don't eat milk, and they excrete gray-yellow or gray-green thin feces, which turn into red paste and stink, mixed with necrotic tissue fragments and a lot of small bubbles. When the body temperature rose above 4 1℃, most sick piglets died in a short time. In sick pigs, intramuscular injection of 1 0 ml Clostridium perfringens C vaccine to pregnant sows1month before delivery and half a month after delivery can make sows have strong immunity, and the protective force for piglets can reach 100%. The pigsty should be strictly cleaned and disinfected, and 0. 1% potassium permanganate solution should be used to scrub sow nipples before suckling piglets to reduce the occurrence of infection. Take preventive drugs to newborn piglets, such as oral oxytetracycline, tetracycline, streptomycin or furazolidone.

After yellow dysentery, piglets excrete yellow or yellow-white thin feces and diarrhea, reduce or stop breastfeeding, lose weight quickly, have sunken eyes, and then die in a coma. Pen houses should be kept dry and sunny, clean and hygienic. Within 24 hours after delivery, piglets should take oral antibiotics for prevention. Chloramphenicol 1 ml and intramuscular injection 1 were injected into each head twice a day for 4 days. Intramuscular injection of berberine, 3 ml per head, 3 times a day for 5 days, has obvious curative effect. Using 6 grams of Pulsatilla chinensis, 3 grams of Gentiana scabra and 2 grams of Coptidis Rhizoma as fine powder, the rice soup was made into a paste licker, which was coated on the sow's breast and eaten by piglets when they were nursing. The average weight of each piglet is 1 ~ 3g, twice a day for 2~3 days.

At first, the body temperature, spirit and appetite of the pigs with white dysentery were close to normal, but white feces, gray feces and thin feces were discharged, and they were smelly. Then diarrhea and appetite disappeared, dehydration, sunken eyes and then collapsed and died. Pay attention to the hygiene of pens, utensils, food and sow nipples, feed piglets as soon as possible and exercise their digestive function. Chloramphenicol and sulfonamides are used for treatment, and active carbon (or charcoal) is taken orally at the same time, which has a good effect and can be cured in 3~5 days.

3. rheumatism

Rheumatism in pigs is usually an acute attack in autumn and winter, which is an infectious allergic disease related to hemolytic streptococcus. The rainy weather lasts for a long time, and most pens are wet, which is influenced by thieves, humidity, cold and other factors. Its symptoms and prevention methods are as follows.

Pigs suffer from muscle group dysfunction, and there are many rheumatism in the back and limbs, mainly manifested as stiff waist and inflexible movement. At the beginning, the pace was slow and short. After the illness worsened, he could not stand and lie on the ground. After being forcibly lifted, his limbs and muscles trembled, his body temperature was slightly higher and his appetite decreased. When a pig suffers from severe pain, it screams. If treated early, the disease can be easily cured.

Strengthen the management of pig breeding, guard against wind, cold and wet invasion, strengthen ventilation, remove feces, sludge and turbid water in the pen house in time, keep the ground of the pig house dry and clean, thicken the grass layer, keep warm and prevent bedsore. Each pig was injected with 10% sodium salicylate injection or compound sodium salicylate injection of 20-50 ml, once a day for 2-3 days. Every pig was injected with compound aminopyrine injection 50~ 10 ml, once a day, for 2~3 days. You can also inject 1~3 ml Anemone Injection into the muscle of each sick pig twice a day for two days.

4. Edema disease

Sudden onset, listlessness, loss of appetite or cessation, normal feces, followed by paralysis of limbs, unstable standing, excitement and anxiety, blind walking, some turning around, allergic, hoarse voice, walking and trembling, some serious pigs fell to the ground, muscle tremor, convulsions and swimming on all fours.

Seriously ill pigs should be treated with 20% mannitol injection 100~250 ml, intravenous injection (not too fast) and other drugs at the same time. Individual pigs with a long course of disease were given 40 ml of 25% glucose solution, 30 ml of 5% sodium bicarbonate injection, 500,000 units of kanamycin, 1 time, twice a day. At the same time, intramuscular injection of vitamin C(0. 1 g) 2 ml, 1 day twice, the above drug treatment was carried out in coordination. Attention should be paid to intramuscular injection of sodium selenite and vitamin E in selenium-deficient areas.

(C) do a good job in pig farm management is conducive to disease prevention and control.

Fences should be kept at proper temperature and humidity, ventilated and provided with sufficient clean drinking water. Appropriately improve the nutritional level of pigs and maintain appropriate feeding density. Do a good job in biological safety measures, strictly introduce pig breeds, and the introduction must have sufficient isolation and observation period, and the blood samples can only be bred after testing and evaluation. Pig farms should minimize the harm of mycotoxins, buy high-quality full-price materials or raw materials, and customers who make their own ingredients should add an efficient mildew remover to their feed. The immunity and disease resistance of pigs should be improved. Astragalus polysaccharide injection can induce animals to produce interferon, regulate immune function and promote antibody formation.

The pig farm should make a blood collection plan according to the scale of the pig farm, scientifically evaluate the health status of the pigs, determine the timing of vaccine immunization, evaluate the immune effect and antibody fluctuation, and judge whether the pigs are attacked by wild viruses. Do a good job in drug health care for pigs. If the respiratory epidemic situation of pigs is serious, it is recommended to use florfenicol, tilmicosin and tilmicosin for treatment. The epidemic situation of digestive tract is serious, so amoxicillin and lincomycin are recommended for treatment. Diphenhydramine and long-acting oxytetracycline can be used for blood-borne diseases. Blue ear vaccine should be used with caution, and anti-stress drugs should be used to drink water during injection, such as sodium selenite, vitamin E and vitamin C for 3 days, and vaccination is not required in the middle day. Combas was selected for regular disinfection in the barn.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Matters needing attention in raising pigs in autumn 1 cold protection

From hot summer to cool autumn, the temperature drops greatly, and the temperature difference between day and night is above 10℃, which has certain influence on the growth of pigs. Too high or too low temperature will affect the normal growth of pigs. Practice has proved that pigs can grow normally in autumn as long as appropriate measures are taken to keep the suitable growth temperature of pigs. Winter protection measures should be taken in advance in autumn;

(1) Trim the pigsty, tightly block the air leakage part of the pigsty, and use straw mulch or plastic film as shelter according to local conditions to prevent the cold wind from invading the pigsty. (2) The pigsty should be padded with hay, and the grass should not be wet. (3) Increasing the feeding density and letting the pigs sleep next to each other can not only warm each other, but also increase the temperature of the pen. Feed more high-calorie feed to increase the calories of pigs. (4) Conditional farmers can build a greenhouse in the shelter corner of the pigsty, and the size of the greenhouse can be determined according to the number of pigs. The method is: build an earth wall about 1 m high, leave a small door for pigs to enter and leave freely, cover the upper part with straw, and spread grass inside. When the temperature is cold, pigs will automatically enter the insulation room to avoid the cold.

2 disease prevention

In autumn, pigs should focus on preventing eperythrozoonosis, swine flu, classical swine fever, infectious gastroenteritis and other diseases. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the cleaning and disinfection of pig houses. Generally speaking, the fence is cleaned once a day and disinfected once every three days to avoid bacterial growth.