Who has high school history sorting multiple choice questions and analysis~send a few more~

Ordered choice is a less difficult type of question in the college entrance examination. It requires the content listed in the question stem (time order, spatial orientation, primary and secondary size, etc.) to be rearranged according to the needs of the question. order. Its purpose is to test the candidate's grasp of time, space and historical concepts.

Example question: (2006 Guangdong Literature Comprehensive Volume) Slogan is usually a high-level summary of a certain political ideological proposition. The options that fit the chronological order of these slogans are: ① "Support the Qing Dynasty and destroy the foreign countries" ② "Learn from the barbarians to gain skills to control the barbarians" ③ "In order to fight against foreigners, we must first settle the domestic affairs" ④ "Strive for national power abroad and punish national traitors at home"

A． ①②④③ B． ①②③④ C. ②①④③ D． ②①③④

Example analysis: According to the order of the occurrence time of the above events, the correct answer C can be selected. When answering this type of question, if you cannot remember clearly the time when an event occurred, you can also use the head-to-tail judgment method to find out the earliest and latest options, so that you can eliminate incorrect items and select the correct answer.

Example 1. The following historical facts about the Sui and Tang Dynasties are arranged in the order of their appearance. The correct ones are (

)

① Li Chun designed and built the Zhaozhou Bridge ② Gunpowder began to be used in the military ③ The first martial arts test He Dianshi ④Compiled and compiled "Tang Materia Medica"

A. ①④③②

B． ③①②④

C． ④②①③

D. ②①③④

Example 2. The following historical facts about Sino-Japanese relations are arranged in the order of their appearance. The correct ones are (

)

① The Japanese pirates on the southeast coast have been basically eliminated ② "The Japanese slave country paid tribute Congratulations... Mitsutake gives you the seal ribbon" ③Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka visited China ④The Japanese army carried out a massacre in Lushun ⑤The Japanese army launched the Battle of Henan, Hunan and Guangxi

A. ②③①④⑤

B. ①③⑤②④

C. ④⑤③①②

D. ②①④⑤③

Example 3. The following historical facts about the Second World War are arranged in the order of their appearance. The correct ones are (

)

①The beginning of the defense of Moscow②The outbreak of the Pacific War③Union The signing of the National Declaration ④ opened the second battlefield in Europe ⑤ Germany formally signed the unconditional surrender

A. ①③⑤②④

B. ①②③④⑤

C． ④③①②⑤

D. ③④⑤②①

Solution Analysis The most traditional and common solution method for this type of test questions is to first write down the time when various major events occurred in historical facts, and then make a judgment. It is characterized by being prudent but takes a lot of time. It seriously affects the speed of problem solving and is not advisable. There are three most effective solution methods, namely "beginning position judgment method", "last position judgment method" and "beginning and end judgment method". This method is characterized by fast problem-solving speed, high efficiency, and accurate answers. For example,

Example 1 refers to answer A. The conventional solution is to first write down the dynasty or emperor in which major events occurred, and then make a judgment. For example, ①, ②, ③, and ④ appeared in the Sui Dynasty, the late Tang Dynasty, the reign of Wu Zetian, and the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty respectively, so the order of arrangement is ①④③②. But the best solution to this question is the "initial position judgment method". As long as ① appears the earliest, the other three answers can be eliminated, and the correct answer can be obtained quickly.

Example 2 refers to answer D. The conventional solution is to first write down the time when major events related to Sino-Japanese relations occurred. For example, ① occurred in the late Ming Dynasty (i.e. 1565), ② occurred during the period of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, ③ occurred in 1972, and ④ occurred in the middle of the Sino-Japanese War. The Liaodong Campaign of the Japanese War⑤ occurred in the late period of the Anti-Japanese War (i.e. 1944). Then arrange the order as ②①④⑤③. But the best solution to this question is the "last judgment method". As long as we find out the last major event, for example, among these five major events, ③ is the last major event. Observe the four options. Only one answer D is consistent, so the correct answer is obtained. There is no need to consider the other three answers.

Example 3 refers to answer B. The conventional solution is to first write down the time when the five major events in World War II occurred. For example, ①②③④⑤ occurred in October 1941, December 1941, January 1942, June 1944, and May 1945 respectively. Therefore, the correct order of arrangement is ①②③④⑤.

But the best solution to this question is the "beginning and ending judgment method". As long as we find out the earliest and last two major events, for example, the earliest occurrence is ① and the last occurrence is ⑤, and only one of them meets this condition. Answer B, the other answers can be eliminated.

1. Filled-type multiple choice questions

Filled-type multiple-choice questions are different from most complete statement-type multiple-choice questions, and their sentence patterns are incomplete in expression. Because its answer direction is unclear, this brings difficulty to the examination of the question, and at the same time, it increases the possibility of interference items in the scope of the examination and similar and confusing knowledge points in the alternatives.

Example: (2006 National Literature Review Volume I) The victory of the October Revolution had a huge impact on colonial and semi-colonial countries. China’s advanced intellectuals

A. Found a new revolutionary path to transform China

B. Proposed the proposition that only democracy and science can make China prosperous and strong

C. Proposed a thorough anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolutionary program

D. Recognize that the united front is the magic weapon for the victory of the Chinese revolution

Example analysis: To solve this question, you can use the direct selection method. The answer can be initially judged to be A, and then use the elimination method to verify it, exclude B, C, and D, and then choose Give the correct answer. When answering this type of question, you must first review the meaning of the question (time, place, person, event, answer item and qualifier). Candidates must have a comprehensive understanding of the historical events or historical concepts in the question stem, and combine them with the options. For other knowledge points involved, options that obviously do not meet the meaning of the question are eliminated one by one.

2. Sequencing selection

Sequencing selection is a less difficult type of question in the college entrance examination. It requires the content listed in the question stem (time sequence, spatial orientation and Primary and secondary size, etc.) rearrange the order according to the needs of the question. Its purpose is to test the candidate's grasp of time, space and historical concepts.

Example: (2006 Guangdong Literature Comprehensive Volume) Slogan is usually a high-level summary of a certain political ideological proposition. The options that fit the chronological order of these slogans are: ① "Support the Qing Dynasty and destroy the foreign countries" ② "Learn from the barbarians to gain skills to control the barbarians" ③ "In order to fight against foreigners, we must first settle the domestic affairs" ④ "Strive for national power abroad and punish national traitors at home"

A. ①②④③ B． ①②③④ C. ②①④③ D. ②①③④

Example analysis: According to the order of the occurrence time of the above events, you can choose the correct answer C. When answering this type of question, if you cannot remember clearly the time when an event occurred, you can also use the head-to-tail judgment method to find out the earliest and latest options, so that you can eliminate incorrect items and select the correct answer.

3. Combined multiple choice questions

Combined multiple choice questions are actually a variant of multiple choice questions in the early years. It tests a large capacity and covers a wide range, so students lose more points. question type. The question stem of this type of question generally consists of the answer item and more than three groups of historical events or phenomena that are numbered. The alternatives composed of these different numbers are decomposed and combined according to certain relationships (similar events or phenomena).

Example question: (2006 Chongqing Literature Comprehensive Volume) The following organizations are responsible for managing supervision affairs: ① Tang Dynasty Menxia Province ② Yuan Dynasty Yushitai ③ Ming Dynasty Sentencing and Prosecution Department ④ Qing Dynasty Councilor Wang Minister Meeting

A. ①③ B. ②④ C. ②③ D． ③④

Example: The elimination method can be used to solve this problem. In this question, the subordinate provinces of the Tang Dynasty were responsible for reviewing government decrees, so the option ① can be eliminated; from the early Qing Dynasty, the meeting of kings and ministers to discuss government affairs was retained, and the imperial power was weakened, so the option ④ was eliminated, and the correct answer is C. It can also be known from the characteristics of the permutations and combinations of the options: two items in ①②③④ are wrong, among which ①④ does not manage supervision affairs. After elimination, the answer can be obtained. When answering such questions, you can identify one or two options that do not meet the meaning of the question, exclude combinations containing these options, and get the correct answer. This can improve the accuracy and speed of answering questions.

4. Material-type multiple choice questions

Material-type multiple-choice questions are a type of question that students find difficult when taking exams. They are a "revamp" of the mini version of material analysis questions. It is characterized by introducing new materials (text, diagrams) into the question stem, creating new problem situations, and then designing alternative options. The format is generally that the question stem is the material, and the alternatives are the judgment and interpretation of the material. This requires candidates to have the ability to obtain and interpret effective information from the material to the maximum extent, the ability to analyze and summarize, and the ability to transfer knowledge.

Example question: (Guangdong History Volume 2006) The minutes of the 299th meeting of the "Tianjin Provisional Government Committee" show that the following amounts paid by the committee to the Public Works Bureau were used to implement this treaty. This treaty is

10,000 yuan for the demolition of the Shanhaiguan Fort

1,000 yuan for the demolition of the Dagu South Fort

3,000 yuan for the demolition of the Dagu North Fort...

A. Treaty of Nanjing b. Treaty of Tianjin

C. Treaty of Shimonoseki D. Xinchou Treaty

Example analysis: When answering the chart questions in the material questions, you should pay full attention to the time range and data change patterns of the chart, and eliminate options that are inconsistent with the chart. This question uses new materials to design new questions and tests students' ability to recognize knowledge. The dismantling of the forts from Beijing to Dagukou was obviously one of the contents of the "Xinchou Treaty". Therefore the answer is D. The basis for answering such questions well is to read the materials carefully and review the question requirements; secondly, carefully analyze the materials, extract effective information, and analyze the options based on the content of the textbook and basic historical theory to eliminate options that are obviously inconsistent with the materials, or the conclusions are correct but but Options not reflected in the material.

5. Cause-and-effect multiple choice questions

Causal-type multiple choice questions focus on testing students’ ability to describe and interpret the relationship between causes and consequences in historical events or historical phenomena, and to mobilize and apply knowledge. ability. Usually it has two forms of expression: one is to infer the cause from the result. Its structure is that the question stem is the effect and the alternative is the cause. The iconic words that appear in the question stem include "main reason", "fundamental cause", "direct cause", "main purpose", "fundamental purpose", etc.; another form is to deduce the result or impact from the cause, and its structure is The stem of the question is the cause, and the alternative is the effect. The iconic words that often appear in the test questions include "influence", "result", etc.

Example question: (2006 Guangdong History Volume) From 1914 to 1920, the export quantity of industrial products such as vegetable oil and flour produced by China increased significantly, while the quantity of imported goods decreased significantly during the same period. The main factor leading to this phenomenon is

A. May 4th Movement b. Chinese people’s movement to suppress Japanese goods

C． World War I D. The strike struggle of the Chinese working class

Example analysis: The key to answering this question is to clearly understand the meaning of the question, and then consider it in conjunction with the environment in which China’s capitalism developed and the social background at that time. Do not copy the internal and external factors mechanically. The principle of relationship should be analyzed in detail on specific issues. Chinese capitalism was born under dual internal and external oppression. The extent of Western powers' aggression and control over China directly affects the development of Chinese private enterprises. During the First World War, as the great powers were busy with the war, they temporarily relaxed their aggression against China, which gave China's national capitalism the opportunity to develop rapidly. Therefore, the correct answer is option C. When answering such questions, you must first accurately identify the meaning of the relevant concepts, and secondly, accurately grasp the logical relationship (causal relationship) between the question stem and the alternatives.

6. Negative choice

Negative multiple choice questions are also called reverse choice questions, which require candidates to choose options that do not conform to historical facts and historical logic. Its characteristic is that the question stem adopts negative prompts or restrictions, marked by words such as "not", "not included", "wrong" and "irrelevant".

Example question: (Beijing Literature Comprehensive Volume 2006) After the Second World War, the development of West Asian countries has its own regional characteristics. The following statements are not in line with the historical development of West Asia:

A. Improved agricultural environment and achieved food self-sufficiency

B. Some countries have entered the ranks of the world's rich countries

C. The economic development methods of oil-producing countries are getting closer

D. Initiating the establishment of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries to fight against Western monopoly capital

Example analysis: Use the elimination method and The best method is to combine the direct selection method, that is, based on one's own knowledge and understanding of historical facts, one by one eliminate the options that are inconsistent with historical facts and historical logical relationships, or determine the options that are consistent with the meaning of the question. B, C, and D in this question are in line with the historical development conditions of West Asia and therefore do not meet the meaning of the question; however, due to the limitations of natural conditions, it is incorrect to say that West Asia has "achieved food self-sufficiency", so the correct answer is A.

7. Comparative multiple choice questions

Comparative multiple choice questions put two or more historical events or phenomena together, allowing candidates to summarize their similarities or phenomena through analysis and comparison. differences to test their analytical and comparative abilities. In terms of the form of the test questions, it can be divided into two types: analogy and contrast. The former is to compare events, characters and opinions of the same nature, mainly to examine their similarities, such as comparing the similarities of ancient Chinese reforms; the latter is to compare different Compare events of a certain nature, historical phenomena, or the performance of the same historical phenomenon in different historical stages and spaces, mainly to examine the differences in the nature, impact, etc. of these historical events. Common prompts in the question stems include "similarities" (similarities, similarities), "differences", etc. Learning history teaching

Example question: (2006 Chongqing volume) The most common point in the fundamental goals of China’s bourgeois revolutionaries and reformists is

A. Overthrow the feudal autocratic rule B. Open the way for capitalist development

C. The bourgeoisie controls political power D. Oppose imperialist aggression

Example analysis: To solve this question, you can first exclude item D because the anti-imperialist requirements of the reformists and revolutionaries are not clear; items A and C have nothing to do with the reformists and are not the same points. , should also be excluded, so the answer is B. The key to answering such questions is to review the comparison points and requirements of the test questions, analyze the alternatives one by one based on the textbook, and then select the correct answer.

8. Conceptual multiple choice questions

Conceptual multiple choice questions mainly test the candidates’ accurate understanding and grasp of historical concepts, that is, a basic concept is proposed in the question stem, and then the candidates are asked to choose The correct elaboration or explanation of this concept in one alternative. The iconic words that often appear in the question stem include "the correct understanding is", "the correct meaning is", etc.

Example question: (Jiangsu History Volume 2006) Which of the following statements about the four great inventions in ancient my country is correct

A. Cai Lun improved papermaking during the Western Han Dynasty

B. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were already books printed with movable type

C. During the Tang Dynasty, the tubular firearm "turret gun" was invented.

D. Compasses were widely used in navigation and transportation during the Song Dynasty

Example analysis: The person who improved papermaking in this question was Cai Lun of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The printing technology in the Sui and Tang Dynasties was engraving printing, and tubular firearms The "sudden gun" was invented in the Southern Song Dynasty. A, B, and C are incorrect, so the correct answer is D. Historical concepts are abstract summaries of historical facts. When answering such questions, one must be good at grasping the essential attributes of historical concepts, and at the same time pay special attention to some implicit restrictive words.