How to cultivate seedless watermelon? Seedless watermelon has no seeds. How to train the next generation?

Although watermelon is sweet, it is troublesome to spit seeds, which is why seedless watermelon is popular. But it also brings a lot of questions. Is seedless watermelon a genetically modified fruit? Seedless watermelon itself has no seeds, so how can we cultivate the next generation?

First of all, is the seedless watermelon that everyone is most concerned about genetically modified? The answer is no, and its core lies in the change of genome. At present, most organisms, including humans, have two chromosomes in their somatic cells. Such individuals are also called diploids, and the same watermelons are usually diploids. But our protagonist seedless watermelon today is unusual, it belongs to triploid seedless, and this is the mystery.

Triploid organisms are extremely rare in nature. Most of them are considered to be fertilized by gametes produced by diploids and tetraploids, and so are triploid watermelons. Therefore, the first step is to cultivate tetraploid watermelon, and here we need a magical plant alkaloid colchicine. Colchicine is a cavity extracted from colchicine in Liliaceae, which acts on somatic cells of diploid normal watermelon. The mitosis of the extracted cells leads to the doubling of chromosome errors, from 22 times to 44 times, so the somatic cells of tetraploid watermelons still have children, and their biological markers are very similar to those of diploid watermelons, if they are slightly larger.

How to cultivate seedless watermelon The following is the most concerned link in triploid watermelon cultivation. The treated tetraploid watermelon is planted four years after it matures and bears seeds. When tetraploid watermelon blooms, its anthers are removed, and then the pollen of common diploid watermelon is given to tetraploid watermelon. After the tetraploid watermelon matures, the seeds in the fruit are seedless watermelon seeds with 33 chromosomes.

So why do seedless watermelons produce seedless fruits or incompletely developed seeds when they mature? Anyone who has studied biology knows that only when the genome is an even tree can male and female gametes form a complete genome and normal fertilization and development can produce insects. The homologous chromosomes of triploid watermelon are three groups, which are odd, not paired. In the late stage of meiosis, chromosomes can not be evenly distributed, and the whole chromosome distribution process is chaotic, so that normal germ cells can not be formed, and then normal seeds will not be produced.

Seedless watermelon has no seeds. How to train the next generation is worth mentioning. Although seedless watermelons can grow, their own pollen cannot be pollinated. Therefore, when planting seedless watermelons, seedless watermelons cannot be planted all over the field. You need to plant some common watermelons with diploid oil seeds, so that the pollen of common watermelons is pollinated in pairs, and the fat of seedless watermelons in four seasons expands, thus growing fruits.

In addition to using diploid and tetraploid hybrid or triploid seedless watermelon seeds for planting, more similar watermelons can be obtained from existing seedless watermelon plants by melon cutting and triploid seed tissue culture. It is said that sterile seedlings obtained from one seed can form 500-654.38 million+seedlings within half a year.