Types and Characteristics of China Stools —— Detailed explanation of four ancient chairs

Lead: Although sofas occupy a huge share in the furniture market, many people will choose to put some sofas in the living room or bedroom because sofas are more comfortable to sit on. However, some people like the traditional stools in China. Putting a few antique stools at home can also achieve the purpose of rest and relaxation, and can create a cultural atmosphere with inheritance significance. The following is Bian Xiao's detailed introduction to the types and characteristics of China stools and four ancient stools.

Classification and characteristics of stool in China

1. Top of the list

The rarest thing is the chair, which is displayed in the hall. It occupies a prominent position and may exceed four seats. As the saying goes, "the first chair" shows its dignity and sublimity.

Seating status: If the visiting guests have the same status as themselves and are all prominent officials, they can only receive them at the top of the list. In many ancestral portraits handed down from generation to generation, officials can often be seen sitting in chairs covered with clothes. For example, in a portrait of Wang Hao in the early Qing Dynasty, Wang Hao sits at the top of a chair. However, while the top chair is loved by the nobles, it is also loved by the people because of its convenient carrying and beautiful style. The top chair has been transformed, and the angle of intersection has increased, and it has become a recliner, named "drunken chair".

2. Official Hat Chair

The official hat chair is a kind of chair set up in Song Dynasty. Its name is very vivid, because its shape is similar to the hat of an ancient official, and it has a high artistic and cultural connotation. Some people think that the two ends of the chair are prominent, like the legs of an official hat (commonly known as "gauze hat wings"), hence the name. It seems difficult to establish. Due to the further division of official hat chairs, there is a difference between "four-headed" (the head and armrest are early) and "southern official hat". The so-called "southern official hat chairs" abound. It can be seen that the official hat is not on his head or not.

Occupant's identity: The official hat chair has beautiful lines and wide seating surface, which has both decorative and practical functions. This may be a model designed at that time because of a realm of literati's needs, so it has high artistic and cultural connotation. This kind of chair was widely used in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, but its style was formed 1000 years ago. Among the traditional classical chairs in China, the official hat chair is famous for its exaggerated extension and tall figure. Among all the chairs, it is relatively tall and then stretched. Its armrest and headrest are stretched out exaggeratedly, so its visual experience is very comfortable. Compared with other traditional chairs, the size of the official hat chair is relatively large, while the urban living area is relatively narrow. Therefore, the early official hat chairs were not used as much in cities as in rural areas. With the later improvement, the southern official hat chair appeared.

Like the south official hat chair, the four-year-old official hat chair is also called the north official hat. On the surface, these two names seem to be determined by regional characteristics, but in fact they are not. The back leg of the official hat chair and the front leg of the early official hat chair are made of a piece of wood, and the structure is very stable. The southern official hat chair follows the basic system of the northern official hat chair, with only one change, that is, the front place is changed to not in front, which is too smooth. From the limited information inquiry, we can know that this change time should be after the end of Ming Dynasty. Placement: The official hat chair is the most common and common seat in traditional seats, and it is also the most widely used seat. No matter in the hall or outdoors in the garden, the official hat chair can not only make people sit comfortably, but also integrate with the outdoor beauty because of its comfort and aesthetics. It should be said that it is the most successful design of traditional furniture in China.

Step 3: plush chairs

The plush chair is the only chair named after an official position in ancient furniture. It was first used in the Song Dynasty, and its original form was a chair similar to a top chair. In the Ming dynasty, the round-backed chair with an awkward chair ring was called the plush chair.

Occupant's identity: In Qing Dynasty, plush chair became the special name of armchair. The backrest, armrest and chair surface of this kind of armchair are at right angles, commonly known as screen back type, which looks solemn and rigorous, with heavy materials, generous exaggeration and complicated decoration. These characteristics are all to show the status and identity of the owner, which has completely deviated from comfort and tends to dignity; Qing style plush chairs can be basically divided into two types according to the structure of the chair back: full-screen type and three-screen type, and the backrest and armrest are generally vertical. Ming-style armchairs rarely design backrest and armrest according to the natural curve of human body. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the production of Qing style plush chairs was becoming more and more complicated, and they simply pursued "novelty", and the decoration was heavy, which became an add-on, and the modeling appeared nondescript and complicated. Qing style plush chair, no longer has the artistic level of Ming style plush chair-round-backed chair, which is simple and straight, intriguing, meticulous and precise, and comfortable to feel; In the Qing Dynasty, this armchair with a screen backrest was called a plush chair, which was not only a respect for bureaucrats and elders who used this chair, but also decorated with lion patterns after the late Qing Dynasty.

Placement: Qing style plush chairs are generally placed in pairs in the center of the hall or in elegant and solemn occasions. Later, it became a typical hall furniture in China classical gardens and courtyards, and was required to appear in pairs in the furniture, or arranged on both sides of the altar or on both sides of the hall.

4. Round back chair

The name of the round-backed chair comes from the shape of the circular backrest, which was called "awkward" by the Song people. It is the most comfortable, with almost no separate furniture. "Bar" is a big round basket made of wicker or bamboo. The backrest and armrest of the round-backed chair extend smoothly downward. Different from the official hat chair, there is a step difference, and an arm can be supported under the arm, which is very comfortable.

Sitting posture: Round-backed armchairs can only be sat by people with noble status;

Placement: Round-backed armchairs are rarely placed in pairs because of their strong back rings, but in the portraits of ancestors, round-backed armchairs are rarely displayed alone. Because some male and female couples in ancestors often appear side by side, it is impossible to make their seats inconsistent, and the round-backed chair is the best choice except the highest position. As long as the sitting surface of the round-backed armchair leans slightly inward, people will feel that they are watching their children and grandchildren bow down under the mourning hall. Moreover, from the viewer's point of view, the wide back ring of the round-backed chair and the exquisite fur such as chair covers and even tiger skin make the ancestors wearing official clothes more mysterious and noble in the smog.

Conclusion: Through the above introduction, I believe everyone has a certain understanding of the types and characteristics of Zhou Shi verbs and four ancient stools. With the introduction of sofas, Chinese stools gradually lost their dominant position in the market. Many people choose sofas instead of Chinese stools because sofas are more comfortable during short breaks. The design of Chinese-style stools embodies the wisdom of several generations in China, which is highly scientific and aesthetic. Bian Xiao hopes that through the above introduction, we can help you understand the types and characteristics of China stools.

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