What is the strategy?

explanation 1: plans and strategies to guide the overall situation of the war.

explanation 2: comprehensive about the war.

explanation 3: metaphor determines the overall strategy.

The following is an article about strategy:

Different thinkers have slightly different definitions of war, and the content of strategy keeps pace with the times, and the definition changes accordingly. The ideal way is to think by yourself, and then define what strategy is by yourself.

Mao Zedong's explanation is: fight if you can win, and run if you can't win.

a general plan to guide the overall situation of the war. It usually refers to military strategy, that is, the principles, strategies and methods formulated and adopted by the war director to prepare and implement the war according to the laws of war in order to achieve the political goals of the war.

the problems to be studied and solved in the strategy are mainly: the assessment of the domestic and international situation and the analysis of the military, political, economic, geographical, scientific and technological factors of the opposing sides; Judgment on the possible outbreak of war, the nature, characteristics and development trend of war; Determination of strategic policy, strategic task, strategic direction, strategic stage and main operational forms; Division of war zones; Battlefield preparation; Construction of armed forces; Research on military thought and technology; Development, reserve and strategic rear construction of strategic resources; The layout of national defense industry and the development and updating of weapons and equipment; The establishment of mobilization system; Planning and implementation of national defense projects; The formation and perfection of strategic command system; Determination of operational sequence; Organization of strategic coordination; The use of strategic reserves; The deployment of strategic reserve, and how to grasp the hub and link of the overall situation, implement strategic change in time, seize the strategic initiative, and so on.

in ancient China, strategies were often called strategy, strategy, strategy, strategy and so on. Sima Biao's historical works named after "strategy" appeared in the Western Jin Dynasty. The English word strategy, which corresponds to "strategy", comes from the Greek word strategos, and its original meaning is "general tactics" or "general tactics". In modern times, strategy has developed into an important research field of military science in various countries in the world. The scope of modern strategy is expanding day by day, and western countries have put forward such concepts as "grand strategy", "national strategy" and "global strategy" one after another. The word "strategy" has been borrowed from various fields, such as political strategy, economic strategy, science and technology strategy, diplomatic strategy, population strategy, resource strategy, sports strategy and so on.

strategy is related to the social mode of production in a certain historical period. It depends on social material production, the development level of science and technology and people's consciousness, and serves the basic policies stipulated by the state or political groups. The country's social system, political, economic and military strength and subjective guidance play a decisive role in the formulation and implementation of the strategy. Strategy is also closely related to the country's natural conditions, geographical location, area, population, resources, transportation, as well as the topography, hydrology and weather in the combat area.

strategy, campaign and tactics are global and local. Strategy plays a guiding and restricting role in campaigns and tactics. At the same time, the realization of strategic attempts depends on the victory of campaigns and tactics.

the basic types of strategies are offensive strategy and defensive strategy. Many countries regard the correct determination of war objectives and operational objectives, as well as issues such as initiative, flexibility, unified command, concentration and saving of troops, and mobile, sudden and rapid response as general principles of strategy. All these reflect a certain sameness of strategic thinking. However, due to the different nature of the war, the different political, economic, cultural, scientific and technological conditions, ethnic, religious and military traditions of various countries, and even the differences in the personal qualities of commanders, the strategies of different times and countries have different characteristics. The study of war strategies in different historical stages, different regions, nationalities and different natures should focus on their characteristics and development.

China's revolutionary war strategy is an important part of Mao Zedong's military thought, and it is a strategy of carrying out the people's war by implementing the United front and relying on the people's army under the leadership of China's production party. It has been tested by long-term war practice and is rich in content. It is the application and development of Marxism–Leninism's principles and principles on war and strategy in China. The basic theoretical principles of China's revolutionary war strategy are as follows: ① Study the war realistically, guide the war, and make the war guidance conform to the objective reality. This is the foothold of the revolutionary war strategy. (2) The military strategy obeys and serves the line, principles and basic policies of China's * * * production party, aiming at liberating the people and establishing and defending a new country under the people's democratic dictatorship, which is the fundamental starting point of the revolutionary war strategy. (3) mobilizing the masses, organizing the masses and carrying out the people's war are the basis of the revolutionary war strategy. Despise the enemy strategically and attach importance to the enemy tactically. ⑤ Actively defend and fight for a long time. This is the guiding principle for overall control of the revolutionary war. ⑥ Concentrate superior forces and annihilate the enemy one by one. This is the main method to implement the active defense strategy.

the full implementation of the revolutionary war strategy depends on the correct application of many other guiding principles, such as the clever use of three forms of warfare: mobile warfare, guerrilla warfare and positional warfare; Implement strategic changes in a timely and correct manner; Grasp the timing of decisive battle; Implement a highly centralized, unified, stable and efficient strategic command, and make thorough and sufficient preparations for war in accordance with the principles of "combining peacetime with wartime" and making overall plans, and so on. Many basic principles of revolutionary war strategy must be developed and applied in accordance with different historical conditions, and specific guidelines for strategic actions must be formulated according to the new situation, so as to guide the war to victory.

after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the People's Liberation Army, in accordance with the requirements of modern warfare, constantly reformed the establishment, system, education and training of its troops, strengthened the construction of services and arms, developed high-tech military technology and developed new weapons, and built itself into a modern and regularized revolutionary army. Strive to effectively solve all kinds of new situations and new problems in war guidance, so as to enrich and develop the strategic thinking of people's war and active defense with China characteristics under the new historical conditions, make all preparations for the future anti-aggression war, and make due contributions to safeguarding world peace and promoting human progress.

The key to the military strategy in the Middle Ages lies in the economic base that dominates wealth, because the latter means how many troops can be used on the battlefield at that time. In the early Middle Ages, because all the wealth came from farmland and pasture, the countryside was the main attack and defense area. With the development of the times, towns have gradually evolved into important control points and become the center of wealth through trade and industry.

The attack and defense of castles is often an important element of war, because they guard agricultural land. Soldiers living in castles will control the neighboring areas. With the development of towns, they also need the construction of fortifications. Defending and capturing towns has gradually become more important than fighting for castles.

troops on the battlefield will use tactics to gain important defensive points and attack rural areas, or stop the enemy from taking the same military action. Field battles usually last until the enemy's aggression is crushed. For example, in the Battle of Hastings in 166, the Anglo-Saxons fought to stop the Norman invasion. However, the Anglo-Saxons failed, while the Normans, under the leadership of William, gradually established control in England in the following years of conquest. At the Battle of Lechfield in 955, the Germans fought Mazar invaders from the East. Under the leadership of Otto I, the Germans won a decisive victory and ended the Mazar invasion. In 732, Charlie the Hammer defeated the Moors, put an end to the Muslim invasion and extended his influence to Spain.

The special battles of Chris, Potier and Jaczenko were the anti-Japanese actions that the French tried to stop the British invasion during the Hundred Years' War between Britain and France, but the French failed in these three battles, which enabled the British to invade continuously. However, in this case, the British invasion failed to establish permanent control, and France finally won the war.

The Crusaders attempted to seize and maintain important strongholds in the Holy Land, so as to maintain the control of this area. Many battles during the Crusade were aimed at breaking through each other's control. Saracens, under the leadership of Saladin, won the Battle of Harding in 1187, paving the way for the successful recapture of Jerusalem.

strategy is a general plan to plan and guide the overall situation of war. That is, based on the analysis and judgment of the international situation and the political, military, economic, scientific and technological, geographical and other factors of the opposing sides, we can scientifically predict the occurrence and development of wars, formulate strategic policies, principles and plans, plan war preparations, and guide the principles and methods followed in the implementation of wars.

strategy comes from war practice and has been used in the military field for a long time. Its original meaning is military strategy. Strategies can be classified according to different standards. According to the social and historical period, it can be divided into ancient strategy, modern strategy and modern strategy; According to the nature of operations, there are offensive strategies and defensive strategies; According to the types of weapons used, there are conventional war strategy and nuclear war strategy (see nuclear strategy); According to the service, there are army strategy, navy strategy and air force strategy; According to the duration of operations, there are quick-decision strategies and lasting strategies, and so on.

all the overall contents related to the preparation and implementation of war and the construction and use of military forces are problems to be studied and solved by the strategy. Mainly: the struggle to stop and postpone the war; Long-term preparations and preparations for war; Strategic leadership and command after the outbreak of war; Strategic decision-making and disposal to end the war, etc.

with the war, human society has gradually formed a strategy. In ancient China, the planning and guidance on the overall situation of war used specific terms such as strategy, strategy and general plan to express strategy. In 26 BC, Emperor Han Chengdi ordered Ren Hong, a captain of the infantry, to proofread the art of war. Ren Hong divided the military books into four categories: military tactics, military situation, military yin and yang, and military skills, among which military tactics is about strategy. The word "strategy" was first found in the book "Strategy" written by Sima Biao, a historian in the early Western Jin Dynasty in China, and then frequently found in historical books such as "The History of the Three Kingdoms" and "A Strategic Examination of the Twenty-first History". The core meanings of these terms are similar to modern strategic meanings, but they are not strictly distinguished from operational art and tactics, and sometimes they also contain political, diplomatic strategies and tactics, and their use is not uniform. At the end of 19th century, China began to use "strategy" to translate the western word "strategy". In 193s, Mao Zedong pointed out in "Strategic Issues of China Revolutionary War": "Strategic issues are things that study the overall laws of war." Mao Zedong's exposition on strategy laid the foundation for the definition of modern China's strategy. The English word "strategy" comes from the Greek word "strategia". Frontinus, an ancient Roman military theorist, wrote The Strategems as early as 84 ~ 96 AD, and

analyzed the successful war cases strategically, so as to improve the generals' ability of planning and directing wars. Maurice, the Emperor of the Eastern Rome (Byzantium), wrote a military textbook for training senior generals around 58 AD, entitled "Strategicon", which means the art of commanding the Tao or commanding the general, which is different from the strategic name. At the end of the 18th century, A．H．D．von Bilo of Prussia distinguished strategy from tactics in his book "The Spiritual Essence of the New War System" and gave it a definition: "Strategy is the science of military action beyond the horizon and artillery range; Tactics is about the science of conducting military operations within the above scope. " (On Bourgeois Military Science, page 3, Military Science Press, 1985) Prussian C. von clausewitz defined strategy as "the use of combat to achieve the purpose of war." (On War, Volume 1, page 175, Commercial Press, 1978) Swiss A．H． jomini thinks: "Strategy is the art of fighting on a map, and it is the art of studying the whole war zone." (Introduction to the Art of War, page 87, People's Liberation Army Press, 1986) The definition of American military strategy approved by the Joint Chiefs of Staff is: "The art and science of using a country's armed forces to achieve the goals of national policies through the use or threat of force." The concise encyclopedia of Britain defines strategy as "the science and art of using military means to achieve war goals in war." Japan's "Encyclopedia of the World" defines strategy as "the science and strategy of using strength to achieve specific goals." The definition of strategy in the Soviet Military Encyclopedia is: "The component and highest field of military art, which includes the theory and practice of preparing for war, planning and conducting wars and strategic campaigns by the state and armed forces." There are many names of strategy in ancient and modern China and foreign countries, with different natures and definitions, but there are similarities; That is to say, it refers to the general plan of building and using military forces with the army as the main body, planning and guiding the overall preparation and implementation of the war in a certain period of time, in order to achieve certain political goals and serve the interests of certain classes, countries, nationalities and political groups. With the development of strategic theory, some countries in the west have emerged higher-level grand strategies, national strategies, national defense strategies and related development strategies. The concept of strategy has been extended beyond the military field and has been borrowed by many other fields, generally referring to the strategy of high-level decision-making with overall significance.

strategy plays an important role. It is the fundamental military policy of the country, the main basis of military activities, and an important guarantee for using military power to support and cooperate with the country in political, economic and diplomatic struggles. It guides both wartime and peacetime; It not only guides the use of military forces, but also guides the construction of military forces; It not only guides the preparation and implementation of war, wins the victory of war, but also guides the containment of war and the maintenance of peace. Whether the strategy is correct or not determines the outcome of the war, which is related to the rise and fall of the honor and disgrace of the country and the nation. Strategy plays a guiding role in operational art and tactics, while operational art and tactics also have an important influence on strategy.

Restrictive factors Strategy is restricted by many factors, mainly:

Political factors Politics plays a leading and dominating role in strategy, determines the nature and purpose of strategy, endows it with tasks and requirements, and affects the formulation, implementation and adjustment of strategy. Strategy obeys and serves politics, meets the requirements of politics and completes the tasks entrusted by politics. Formulate and implement strategies, emphasize politics, give full consideration to the political situation of opposing sides, the political objectives and policy requirements of the strategy, and be good at using political means.

military factors are mainly military strength and military thinking. The strength of military power has a great influence on the scale, duration, activity mode and outcome of the war, and plays a direct role in whether the strategic task can be completed and the strategic goal can be achieved. Whether the military thought is advanced or not is very important for formulating and implementing the correct strategy and winning the war. To formulate and implement a strategy, we should use advanced military thinking, strive to correctly estimate the military situation of the opposing sides, take active measures, effectively enhance military strength, and create conditions for completing strategic tasks and achieving strategic goals.

the economic factor strategy is based on a certain productivity and develops with the development of productivity. Economy can promote the development of strategy, improve the ability of strategy to bear and respond to environmental changes, and enhance the selectivity of combat means. Economy restricts the selection and determination of strategic objectives, strategic direction, strategic focus and war scale. In formulating and implementing the strategy, we must consider the economic situation of the opposing sides. economy