Yin Zhen Culture in Yin Zhen

The main contents of Yin Zhen culture include: the textual research of Yin Zhen's life experience, the study of becoming a Confucian scholar, the influence of running a school and teaching, the study of Yin Zhen's "inattention to study", the excavation of Yin Zhen's relics and anecdotes, and the praise of Yin Zhen. He is a descendant of Yin, one of the four giants in Pingyi County (Dragon, Fu, Yin and Dong). Pingyi County was the most convenient trunk road for ancient Yunnan to enter and leave Hunan and Beijing during the Eastern Han Dynasty.

According to documents, the most famous surname in Guizhou today is Hao Min, a real border from the Central Plains and Bashu. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, General Wei Qing developed southern Xinjiang. "At that time, he passed through the southwest, and tens of thousands of people followed him ... but he raised money from the southwest, became a county magistrate in Su County, and received money from the capital" (Han Shi Shihuozhi). The main surnames in northern Guizhou are Long, Fu, Yin, Dong and Xie. Except Xie, most surnames come from Shu County, Guanghan and Qianwei (now the western Sichuan plain and southern Sichuan), that is, "Sanshu". The surname "Sanshu" took the lead in entering the county.

"In Gongsun Shu, Long, Fu, Yin, Dong, Gong Sun, Cao Xie Si 'an protected their territory as the Han Dynasty" (Biography of Southwest China in the Later Han Dynasty). Border Protection and Shuowen: "Edge is also an edge, and it is unexpected to say that the territory is here", where "edge" and "exhaustion" are connected. Protecting territory means defending the northern border of the river. Gongsun Shu became the king of Shu in "Wang Mang Tian Feng". At that time, the most popular people who controlled the situation in Sui Dynasty were all opposed to Gongsun Shu's separatist regime. These most popular people are county officials and powerful people, and "Han Yi won't go", that is, the army. During the Hanwu period, Guo Chang led the army to conquer today's Yunnan-Guizhou region. After the pacification, Pingyi County was established in Fuyuan, Qujing, Yunnan six years ago (11years ago) (meaning to quell the rebellion of the Yi people). Therefore, the land was set in Yunnan and Guizhou, and then the army was stationed in Pingyi, forming the "Yi-Han Trilogy". They maintained the rule of the Han Dynasty, consolidated the most popular territory and strengthened their ties with the central dynasty. * * * sent envoys to the north to meet Emperor Guangwu, who was raised by the court. Yin surname has become one of the "one-sided strongmen".

Sergeant (department) should be descendants of Yin; Or a descendant of Yin, an aristocratic citizen who moved in during the Hanwu period. The issue of Yin Zhen's native place has always been debated around the sentence "Don't recruit Yin Zhen" in Huayang National Records. Some say it belongs to the north of dushan county today, and some say it belongs to Guba, Xinzhou Town, Zheng 'an County today, but Zheng 'an is indeed the place where Yin Zhen lived, gave lectures and was buried.

Qijiang County Records listed Qijiang as the Han Dynasty. Nanchuan is listed as not accepting in Sichuan Provincial Records; Guizhou Tujing is not included in Zheng 'an, Sinan and Shiqian. Ganlong's Tongzhi was listed as Pingle in Qing Dynasty. Jiaqing Tongzhi was listed as Qujing in Qing Dynasty. Yu Zhongyue believes that it means that you should not accept Korea. All these theories are denied by historians because of the lack of strong basis.

According to Hanshu, Huayang National Records and Shuijing Notes, Wulian County has a special geographical position, and there is a famous river named Gangshui in the county. It is recorded in Hanshu Geography that "Gangshui in Wulian County, Zhang Xian entered the pool from east to middle". Mo, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, further explained in "Examination of Dushan River" that Tanshui is the Liujiang River in Liuzhou, Guangxi, and Dushan originated from water. In 2008, the book "Liujiang Jiuqu Flows through the Ages" published by Guangxi Nationalities Publishing House wrote: "Liujiang is the second largest tributary of Xijiang River system, which was called Tanshui, Qianshui, Liu Shui and Xiangjiang River in ancient times and originated from Lina 99 pond in dushan county, Guizhou." It can be concluded that Gangshui in Wulian County is located in dushan county.

Mo Yuzhuo, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, made a detailed textual research on Yin Zhen's being from Dushan in the article "An Examination of Five Lotus". During the light years of the Qing Dynasty, when Zhengzhen of Zunyi and Mo Youzhi of Dushan compiled the Chronicle of Zunyi, the textual research was not limited to Guiyang and Duyun. Wan, a librarian of Guizhou Literature and History Research Institute, made a detailed textual research on the whole story of being a Dushan person in the article "A New Examination of Yin Zhen". Zhou Chunyuan, a historian of Guizhou, is waiting for Ancient History of Guizhou. Wang's special textual research on Guizhou's history is not limited to Dushan today. Mr. Yin Zhen's spirit, more popularly speaking, is three:

1. Born in Naman, not willing to be born in the wild. -unwilling to lag behind, constantly striving for self-improvement and yearning for civilization.

2. learn from the central plains in the north, but learn three talents. -studious, knowledgeable and not afraid of learning.

It belongs to Professor Li, but not to South China. -serve your home, love your home, and never forget your roots. Yin Zhen, as a Confucian scholar at the Confucian Classics Normal University in Han Dynasty, gave lectures and apprentices in northern and southern xian county. In 880 AD, Cui Yong of the Tang Dynasty erected a monument for Yin Zhen Lecture Hall in Wangcaochang, Suiyang County. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhan Shu, the magistrate of Suiyang County, dug up a stone tablet engraved with "Han Yinzhen Lecture Hall, Cui Yuli, director of Bozhou in the first year of Tang Guangming". Suiyang, the seat of Bozhou Prefecture in the early Tang Dynasty, is the only plain with a large population in northern Guizhou since ancient times, with flat terrain and dozens of miles in vertical and horizontal directions. Langguan Mountain, the birthplace of Guishui in the southwest, was developed earlier, with a wide range of students and a large number of literati.

In Xinzhou Town, Yin Zhen's "Wubentang" and "The Goddess of Han Confucianism and Yin Gongdao Town" still exist.

Guizhou has attached importance to Yin Zhen since the Ming Dynasty, which can be seen from the reconstruction of Wuben Hall. Forty years of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 16 12), twenty years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1685), twenty years of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 18 15) and six to nine years of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (A.D./kloc-0).

In the 11th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty, Guizhou established a province and gradually changed its soil to Guizhou. The central dynasty gradually strengthened its rule over Guizhou. The administrative officials in Guizhou need to strengthen the spread of Chinese culture, establish the dominant position of Confucianism, and appoint Yin Zhen as a model figure with great enlightenment and demonstration, so as to establish a good atmosphere and maintain orthodoxy. The name of "Wubentang" comes from Confucius' "Virtue is the foundation of a gentleman's merit and filial piety is the foundation of benevolence". The word "filial piety" is the key point of rebuilding Wubentang. Confucius temples have been built in all parts of Guizhou, and Yin Gong specialized temples have also been set up. Yin Zhen and Confucius have temples, and shrines have been set up in various places.

In the mid-Ming Dynasty, there were three academies in Guizhou that built Yin Zhen Special Temple, and in the Qing Dynasty, there was Yin Daozhen Temple next to Wang Yangming Temple in Fufeng Mountain. Professor Fu Xue Daoguang of Zunyi founded the "Han Sanxian Temple" for three cultural celebrities: Memorial, Scheerer and Sheng Lan. Yinjiang, Tongren, Dushan and other places have also established Yingong Temple. Darren Chan Temple, built in Qing Dynasty, is located in Nanchuan and Qijiang counties which are not under the jurisdiction of Guizhou.

In the twentieth year of Jiaqing, he opened the Fuxian brand in Guizhou; According to the records in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty Biography of Southwest Yi read by this department, Yin Zhen is a native of this county, born in a barren land, and has no manners. He was from Xu Shen, Runan, where he was educated and learned well, so he began to study in South China. Guan Zhen went to Jingzhou to make a secretariat. "Looking back at Guizhou Tongzhi, I found that Xiang Xian first listed Yin's name, which was from Guizhou Middle School. Unfortunately. But I don't know if there is a college that worships wood owners. I'll check it out. For this reason, this brand was praised by the government, and it was transferred to the state and county where it belongs. It was immediately found out that in the academy, if there were no owners of Yin Gong, local officials would donate them to pay tribute to their owners, and write "The God of Confucian scholar Mr. Yin in Han Dynasty" to give students a chance to worship when they are old, in order to send their thoughts to Shang Yang. I will still report the reason for the honor ... From then on, I will recite the string in the corner and watch it day and night. I am not specialized in the salty school of later generations, and I will allow the deputy daxian Dunchong Canon ("Zhengan National Records"). It can be seen that the academies in various counties in the province began to set up owners of Yin Gongmu 20 years after Jiaqing, forming an atmosphere of respecting Yin Gongmu. There is a grand occasion of "those who belong to the old county, those who have no land, don't call themselves teachers, and eat rural boundaries" (Zheng Zhenyu).

Yin Zhen's contribution was first seen in Huayang Guozhi, a regular channel in the Jin Dynasty: "Don't recruit Yin Zhen, the word is true, so as to give birth to distant clans, instead of gradually becoming chaotic, but learn the five classics from Xu Shu in Runan, learn maps, latitudes and three materials from calligraphy. I am still a professor, so I started studying in the south. " The Book of the Later Han Dynasty written by Ye Fan in the Southern Dynasties also agreed with this statement, saying, "Yin Zhen, a county native, was born in a barren land and didn't know the etiquette. She is from Xu Shen, Runan, and was invited to get scriptures and maps. After I finished studying, I was also a professor in the countryside and began to study in the south. " In the Annals of Sichuan during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, it was said: "Han, ... accepted the Five Classics of Xu Shen, and the Bayu people began to learn." (Qing) Zhengzhen's "Zunyi Fuzhi" said: "Anyone who belongs to the old county of Zhang Yu is not called a landless teacher." (Qing) Yuan Ai-ru said in "Examination of Yin Zhen": "(Yin Zhen) died with his subtle words and wonderful intentions, in order to educate the villagers and make the custom of competing for the deer elegant. And it is not the only time, but let people after the Millennium bless them. " It is said in Nanchuan County Records of the Republic of China that Mr. Yin can overcome his own difficulties among his distant descendants. Learning from the teacher, visiting thousands of miles of Taoism, and dying brilliantly. He teaches his hometown with fellow villagers, which is particularly novel. ""A Yin Zi and Qijiang, Nanchuan, Zheng 'an, Suiyang and Tonglu. " "When Mr. ... teaches, Guizhou and Sichuan are connected, and its influence is spread all over the two cities in southern Qin", he added: "In the past, people called Wen Weng Shu, Gu Weng stayed at home, and it was his duty to educate the people ... Mr. Yin is a distant descendant, who can mobilize himself and learn from the Taoist priests thousands of miles, which is a good example for the villagers.

In the thirty-second year of the Republic of China (A.D. 1943), it was recorded in the Biography of Famous Sages in Guizhou compiled and published by the Guizhou Provincial Government: "There is a Wuben Hall in Xinzhou, Zheng 'an, where Mr. Yin once gave lectures. It can be said that Mr. Yin is the founder of Guizhou culture and Zheng 'an is the cradle of Guizhou culture. In memory of this sage, it is hereby granted to the central government to set aside a part of Zheng 'an County and set up another one.

Named after Yin Zhen, it can be traced back to the Tang and Song Dynasties. The local people deeply felt the kindness of Yin Zhen, named Zhou Zhen after the land, and placed their love for the sages. "Professor Tao Zhen learned from the south, and Xu Ying followed suit. He drank for a long time from the mouth of a bachelor of arts, a woman and a child. Therefore, because its "Ai Si Chuan" is named after its county, it is named after Huai County. " "Yesterday in shu by wu weng culture and education, Mr Yan. Mr. Yan called Jane, and later people named her hometown after Jane. It is said that its reputation is true, and its words are true. Don't criticize its words, its name is Zhen 'anzhou. It is beneficial to learn from Mr. Dao Zheng for a long time. Wu Yueben, Tao and Primary School are teachers who have achieved eternal life through art (Zhengan Zhouzhi).

During the Republic of China, the land of Wulianba in Xinzhou was also named as "Five Hometowns" and "Hometown". There is also a stone tablet of "the hometown of Mr. Yin Daozhen, a Han Confucian", which is used to be called "the hometown tablet". Wang Caochang in Suiyang County is also known as Yinzhenchang and Yinzhenxiang. Today, Yinzhen Middle School and Yinzhen Primary School in Wang Cao County, Yinzhen Road in Suiyang County, Yinzhen Square and Yinzhen Avenue in Zheng 'an County, and there is a statue of Yinzhen beside the Cultural Road Library. There is a statue of Yin Zhen in "Yin Zhen Hall" in "Sange Park" in Zunyi City to commemorate Mr. Yin Daozhen, the three sages of the Han Dynasty.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people rushed to study and learn from Yin Zhen. In the thirty-second year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1604), Zhan Shuwei, the magistrate of Suiyang County, wrote "The Inscription of Lecture Hall", becoming the first person to make textual research on his native place. Zhao Zunlu, the magistrate of Zunyi, wrote Yin Zhen Kao, Preface to Rebuilding Wu Bentang, Mo Yuzhuo Kao Xian Lu, Xie Hou Yelang Biography, Zhong Yue's Inscription for Mr. Yin Daozhen Wu Bentang, Mo Tingzhi's Writing to Mr. Yin's Ancestral Temple, and Sichuan's Yuan Ai Ru Yin, etc.

There has also been an upsurge of research in modern times. For example, Wan Kao's education, Wang Kao's life and the remains of his hometown (Guizhou Literature and History Series), Qiu Zhongshu's Anecdote of Mr. Yin Daozhen, the founder of Guizhou Culture (Ren Qian Magazine of Taiwan Province Province), Zhou Ziyan's textual research of Yin Zhen's hometown (Journal of Guizhou Normal University), 700 scholars (Guizhou Literature and History World), Liu Xue's Meditation on Yin Zhen's hometown (Guizhou Daily) and Qiu Hong's textual research on Yin Zhen's hometown and place names. Pan Dacheng's Daozhen County and Yin Zhen of Han Confucianism (Ren Qian Magazine) and Huang Wanji's latest research achievement, Yin Zhen and Nothing, respectively study Yin Zhen from the historical, geographical, customs, religious beliefs, cultural background, sinology origin, place names and other relics, seek the root of Guizhou culture, and praise Yin Zhen's contribution in the history of cultural education.

At the same time, in order to commemorate Yin Zhen, Yin Zhen Middle School was established in Wangcao Town, Suiyang County, Guizhou Province. After advocating Yin Zhen spirit in the name of Yin Zhen, people should learn from it! As early as the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, there was a famous scholar named Xian Xian in the history of county literature, who was considered as a dead scholar. However, Yin Zhen's achievements and influence in culture and education have always been the first, with numerous relics and far-reaching influence, and he is the founder of Guizhou's culture and education.

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Zhengan Sinology developed from a private school to an official school. Ancient Confucianism in Zhen 'an, located in Tang Dou Dam (now Daozhen Ancient Town) (Old Records of Sichuan), is the earliest official school in Guizhou. In the eighteenth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1590), Tusi Ran went to Kuizhou to study. In the 28th year of Wanli (1600), Gong Xue was built in Tang Dou Dam (a modern ancient city). In the 30th year of Wanli, Jianzhou School was established outside the south of the city, and in the 18th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (AD 1679), Anzhou School in Zhen Zhen was established. In the 11th year of Yongzheng (A.D. 1773), Gu Feng Academy was built in Zhouzhiyou, and in the 52nd year of Qianlong (A.D. 1788), it was changed to Mingfeng Academy. Xianfeng founded Anxi Academy in Zhongyue for ten years. During the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Zhengan belonged to Zhou Zhen.

Ran, Ran Pu are all descendants of "Ran Jiaman" from Zhou Zhen (Tan Qixiang's Bozhou Yang Baokao). Ran was the top scholar who moved to Bozhou in the second year of Song Jiaxi (AD 1238). He is the first scholar in the history of Guizhou, and he is known as the "black sheep". Later, he became the guardian of Zhou Zhen and a model for Zhou Zhen scholars. Ran Jin and Ran Pu are famous military strategists and urban construction masters in Guizhou history. At the request of Yu Jie, commander-in-chief of Song Jun and Sichuan, they designed and supervised the Hejiang Yushan defensive castle for him, and fought against the Mongolian fighters who "swept Europe and Asia invincible" for 36 years, creating a miracle in military history and becoming a hero city in the history of Chinese and foreign wars. In addition, Zou Gonggan, a native of Zheng 'an Mansion in Yuan Dynasty, was given the title of "Anju Shi", and later he was known as Shou Weng. I often observe and study the astronomical phenomena with my friends, and have written the collection of the second phase of Baoquan and Understanding Life. Its content advocates the theological thought of yin and yang, five elements and the induction between man and nature. In the 20th year of Guangxu (AD 1895), Yang, a native of Zunyi, went to the dean of Mingfeng College in Zheng 'an. He teaches during the day and studies hard at night. In the 29th year of Guangxu (Guimao year, A.D. 1903), he won the third place in the examination, exploring flowers. Together with Zhao Yijiong, the champion of Guiyang, and Xia Tonghe, the champion of Majiang, he became the only three Guizhou Jinshi who won the top three in the imperial examination. These famous literati military commanders at home and abroad have written a dazzling chapter in the history of Guizhou. Since then, Hanlin, Wang, et al. 16 Jinshi have emerged in Zheng 'an House, including 24 juren and 56 juren. Han Zhixian, a native of the state capital, won the first place in the provincial examination (Xie Yuan) in the 18th year of Qianlong (BC 1753), returned to his hometown to set up a library as a disciple, and finally taught here. After his disciple Han Yongheng was recruited, he also taught in the village. Seven scholars have been trained, sometimes called "Korean Half List".

Yin Zhen studied Confucian classics and primary school (philology) from Xu Shen in Luoyang, and also taught in the village to spread Xu Shi's knowledge. In the Qing Dynasty, sinology research reached an unprecedented peak. Mo and Zhuo spread Chinese studies in northern Guizhou, calling them "not learning" and calling themselves "not learning" wage earners. Mo Yuzhuo's protege really went to Changsha to worship Cheng Enze as his teacher. Under the guidance of Cheng, he wrote a monograph "Textual Research on Shuo Wen Xin Fu". Really "learning from Changsha in the East" and Yin Zhen's "learning from the Central Plains in the North" shine first. In order to encourage Zhengzhen to learn from Mr. Yin Daozhen's spirit and devote himself to rural education, Cheng Enze specially took Yin Zhen's surname as the word and gave him the word "Zi Yin" to encourage him to follow Yin Zhen's example. Mo Youzhi, another student in Cheng Enze, is a sinologist. Monographs of the Tang Dynasty, such as Shuo Wen Jie Zi and Yun, have been circulated at home and abroad, and have had an international influence. Yin Zhen culture, represented by Zhengzhen and Mo Youzhi, has carried forward Yin Zhen's spirit of being unwilling to lag behind, learning thousands of miles, loving villagers and devoting himself to education, inherited Yin Zhen's "no need to study" and achieved fruitful results.

Under the influence of Yin Zhen's culture and spirit, there was a grand occasion of "6,000 judges and 700 scholars" in Guizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and Zhengzhen, known as the "scholars of southwest China", and Mo Youzhi had a dazzling "beach culture" ... As far as contemporary is concerned, it is the atmosphere in Guizhou that a group of scholars such as Shi Ding (the author of the national award-winning novel "Expressway in front of the door") and Zhao Jianping (one of the few in China) respect teachers and attach importance to education, which has promoted it. Zheng 'an County is famous for Han Confucianism and Yin Zhen. People spread from one place to another, and places spread from people to another, and talented people came forth in large numbers. More than 1,900 years ago, Yin Zhen culture has become a unique regional cultural phenomenon. The overseas edition of People's Daily once reported on the topic of "the fragrance of Yin Zhen's hometown", praising the cultural atmosphere of the hometown of Yin Zhen, a master of southwest culture in Han Dynasty, which lasted for more than a thousand years.