Common sense of chicken life

1) Picking chicken farm

I suggest you go to a chicken farm with a livestock license to pick chickens; In addition, the facilities and environment of the chicken farm must meet at least the basic standards of hygiene and standardization before you can take them into consideration.

2) Check the epidemic prevention situation

Hatching and epidemic prevention is the key to raise healthy chicks. Under normal circumstances, the weight of thawed seedlings after epidemic prevention will be lighter, because grasping the vaccine by hand will affect their food intake. So don't choose suggestions that tell you that your chickens are vaccinated, but they are still heavy. This kind of advice comes out to fool you without even knowing the basic knowledge Of course, chickens that are too light are also unhealthy. For example, if the thawed seedlings weigh less than 32g, they are probably sick chickens.

③ Observe chicks in all directions.

Healthy chicks

(1) Performance: standing steady and powerful, loud and clear, sensitive to light and sound, lively and active.

② Observation method: Touch the chick's abdomen with your hand to feel whether there is a lump. If there is, it means that the yolk has not been absorbed, and it belongs to the chicks with slow development. If there is no lump, the chick is struggling violently, and there is no dirt in the * * * *, it belongs to healthy chicks, otherwise it is sick chicks.

Sick and weak chickens

① Performance: often standing unsteadily, eyes glazed or eyes closed frequently, unable to cry, wings drooping, always staying alone in the corner or in the crowd all day, and being slow to respond to light and sound. In another case, when the feet of the chicks are cracked and the beaks are dry, the chicks will be dehydrated and weak. The reason for this situation is probably that they have been checked by trucks for a long time. There are also some disabled chicks, which are generally obvious, such as umbilical cord bleeding, yolk sac exposure or even dragging on the ground, blindness, dry body and so on. Naturally, this category cannot be purchased.

② Observation method: See if chicks can drink and eat by themselves. If not, they are usually sick chickens.

Tips: Some unscrupulous merchants will secretly change the sex ratio of chicken seedlings when they deliver in large quantities. Because cock seedlings are cheaper, they will mix a lot of cock seedlings. Therefore, we should pay attention to whether the sex ratio of the chickens we buy will change.

2. What are the habits of native chickens?

Living habits of native chickens: (1) Early-maturing chickens can walk and eat independently as soon as they are covered with fluff, which provides convenience for artificial feeding.

(2) Cold-resistant and heat-resistant native chickens are covered with feathers, forming a good insulation layer. They need to molt for winter every autumn, so native chickens are not afraid of cold. The native chicken has no sweat glands, and the effective insulation layer formed by the whole body feathers mainly depends on breathing and excretion, so the native chicken is afraid of heat.

When the gas temperature exceeds 26℃. At 6 C, with the increase of temperature, the respiratory heat dissipation is more obvious; When the temperature exceeds 30°C, the laying rate decreases; When the temperature exceeds 36°C, chickens will die of heatstroke.

When raising native chickens, sand bath can prevent heatstroke. (3) Chickens with late sexual maturity have late sexual maturity. Generally speaking, the starting time of local chickens is 150~ 180 days old.

The sexual maturity of local chickens is greatly influenced by seasons. Local chickens raised in spring began to lay eggs early, while chickens raised in autumn began to lay eggs late. (4) Breeding offspring is an instinct of native chickens.

Under natural conditions, local chickens hatch chicks by holding nests. Chickens stop laying eggs when nesting, so the egg production is low, and the annual egg production is generally 80~ 160.

(5) Winter break refers to a habit that chickens stop laying eggs under the natural conditions of shorter light time, lower temperature and insufficient nutrition supply. The laying performance of native chickens is greatly influenced by nutrition, temperature and light, and the laying rate is high in spring and autumn every year.

In order to develop chicken production in a balanced way, it is necessary to artificially create environmental conditions conducive to chicken laying. (6) The omnivorous native chicken is omnivorous. Native chickens that have been stocked for a long time can eat leaves, grass seeds, tender grass, vegetables, insects, earthworms, fly maggots, gravel and so on. You can also eat fruits and grains that fall to the ground and harvested crops in the orchard.

Native chickens have strong tolerance to roughage, but grow slowly under roughage conditions. Native chickens mainly feed on keratinized beaks, and the mechanical digestion of food is mainly carried out in the muscular stomach. The crop of chickens is a temporary storage place for food.

The joint between crop and glandular stomach, glandular stomach and muscular stomach of chicken is narrow and easy to be blocked. Therefore, when processing feed, it is necessary to prevent indigestible substances, such as dead branches, iron wires, nails, feathers, plastic sheets, braided threads, cotton threads, etc. Avoid being mixed into feed, so as not to be blocked by chickens, and then develop into a disease of both hard and soft.

Pay attention to cleaning up foreign bodies in the pasture when stocking. (7) Being gregarious, it is easy to establish conditioned reflex. Native chickens are gregarious and like to feed in groups, especially the natural mating group formed by 1 rooster.

When chickens reach a certain age, they often fight with each other. They form a sequence (group sequence) from strong to weak according to the strength of individual combat ability, which is conducive to the stability of the group. When stocking, whistle or whistle to the chicken before releasing in the morning and closing at night, and then feed and train repeatedly. 1 week later, chickens will establish conditioned reflex.

Whistle or whistle when the circle is closed at night, and the chicken will go back to the house. (8) Good at flying, lively and active. Native chicken is small, light and full of feathers, which is conducive to flying and climbing.

Under the condition of stocking, it has a wide range of activities, large foraging area and strong foraging ability. Fighting, anal pecking and feather cutting will occur under large-scale high-density feeding strips.

(9) Chickens with high habits like to rest on branches, wooden poles and ropes at night, and also like to fly to high places. Therefore, we should pay enough attention to this in the process of feeding management to prevent the damage of wires and water pipes or the escape of chickens. (10) molting chickens have the habit of molting.

Molting is divided into age molting and season molting. After the chicks are hatched, the whole body is covered with fluff, and with the increase of day age, the fluff is gradually replaced by normal feathers; At 7~8 weeks, 12~ 13 weeks and 18~20 weeks, the feathers will be incompletely replaced for three times.

If chickens are slaughtered and put on the market when the new feathers have just grown and the old feathers have not completely fallen off, it will be difficult to pull out the new feathers and leave them in the skin, which will affect the appearance of the carcass. Therefore, chickens should be avoided in the molting period. When slow-feathered chickens are 90 days old, the feathers on the back, neck, legs and abdomen have not grown up and are not easy to sell.

Every autumn and early winter, local chickens will have seasonal molting. Chicken production stops when molting, so seasonal molting should be prevented.

During molting, sufficient protein, vitamins and sulfur-containing amino acids should be provided to ensure the normal growth of feathers. (1 1) has strong sensitivity and strong stress response. Chicken is very sensitive and easily frightened, and will flee to branches, shelters or under piles, and often hang, pinch and scratch.

Therefore, places where local chickens are raised should avoid noise, strangers, exotic animals and group transfer, and create a quiet and stable growth environment for them.

3. What are the habits of native chicken?

The living habits of native chickens are as follows: (1) Warm native chickens prefer warm and dry environment, but don't like hot and humid environment.

Therefore, when choosing stocking sites, attention should be paid to the suitability of environmental conditions, and it is best to build them in places with high terrain and difficult water accumulation, and the sloping land should be chosen in sunny slopes. (2) gregarious chickens generally don't act alone, they are very gregarious.

Chickens that have just hatched for a few days will find a group and scream once they leave the group. Therefore, native chicken is very suitable for group stocking.

(3) Ascending chickens like to ascend and perch. They are used to resting on perches, and chickens stop moving completely at night. In the breeding area, the habitat corresponding to the breeding quantity should be arranged to facilitate the rest of the chickens.

(4) The nesting males and hens can quickly adapt to the new environment and automatically return to their original habitats. At the same time, if the new chicken is refused to enter, once the new chicken enters, there will be a long-term struggle, in which the struggle between cocks is more intense.

This shows that native chickens have a strong ability to identify nests. Therefore, in the process of ci cultivation, we should not easily change the environment, blend in and blend in.

(5) Addicted high-density chicken raising usually leads to bad habits such as anal pecking and feather cutting. Therefore, in the process of breeding, the feeding amount should be set under certain spatial conditions to avoid unnecessary losses.

(6) Nesting is nesting. Native chickens generally have different degrees of nesting, which is a sign of their strong motherhood when they naturally hatch.

However, this characteristic will reduce the egg production rate and production performance in actual production. Therefore, attention should be paid to timely discovery and take wake-up measures during the feeding process.

(7) Stress The sudden appearance of any new sounds, actions and objects will cause a series of stress reactions of timid chickens, such as screaming, running away and bombing. Therefore, we should pay attention to stay away from towns, factories, mines, railways, highways and noisy environments, and pay attention to bad weather such as strong winds and lightning to protect chickens in advance.

(8) Omnivorous native chicken has a wide range of recipes and strong foraging ability, and can feed on all kinds of insects, tender grass, plant seeds, berries, tender leaves and other foods in nature. Therefore, we can use natural resources such as grassland, grass slope, forest and orchard to graze and raise native chickens, reduce the consumption of concentrated feed, reduce production costs and produce green products.

(9) The beaks of native chickens who like granular feed are convenient for pecking granular feed, so native chickens like to eat granular feed. In feed mixtures with different particle sizes, feed particles with a diameter of 3~ 4 mm are cut first, and the rest are feed powder.

Therefore, when processing feed, it is necessary to have a certain particle size and uniform particle size, which is beneficial to the feed intake of local chickens and meet the balanced nutritional needs. (10) Eating native chickens at the same time likes to live in groups and drinking water at the same time.

Under natural light conditions, adult native chickens have two feeding peaks every day, one is 2-3 hours after sunrise and the other is 2-3 hours before sunset. In these two periods, feed supply, full production and egg laying needs should be ensured, and at the same time, sufficient troughs and drinking fountains should be provided to meet the needs of balanced growth.

4. What are the methods to control chicks?

Chicken seedling control: ① Pay attention to introducing sources from healthy chickens, and don't buy chickens from epidemic areas.

Chickens should come from breeding farms that have breeding license and are free of pullorum, Newcastle disease, avian influenza, mycoplasma and leukemia, or healthy chickens that provide breeding eggs and are isolated in the country of origin. It is necessary to ensure that chickens come from healthy flocks, and the breeder flocks of chickens should be isolated regularly.

(2) From a qualified hatchery, the hatchery should have a strict disinfection system. From egg picking to hatching, the chicks should be disinfected in strict accordance with the regulations. The chicks are well hatched, healthy and lively, with uniform size and no obvious symptoms. Through strict vaccine quarantine, the maternal antibody levels of vertical infectious diseases (Newcastle disease, avian influenza and infectious bursal disease) in chickens were randomly checked.

5. How to choose chickens?

The first problem you encounter when raising native chickens is how to buy chicks.

The selection of chicks is closely related to the smooth production of chickens and directly related to the economic benefits of raising chickens. Chicken farmers should buy chickens from isolated farms with perfect health and epidemic prevention conditions and good purification of egg-borne diseases (such as pullorum disease, colibacillosis, chicken toxoplasmosis and chicken encephalomyelitis). ), standardize and manage the collection, disinfection, storage and incubation of breeding eggs, and obtain the production and operation license of breeding livestock and poultry, the certificate of breeding livestock and poultry and the certificate of animal epidemic prevention conditions.

Chickens should be vaccinated with Marek's disease vaccine within 24 hours after hatching in breeding farms, preferably CVI988 or multivalent vaccine. Whether you hatch chickens or buy chickens yourself, breeders should choose chickens. The selection criteria mainly include: chicks hatch on time; Abdominal contraction is good, the size is moderate and soft, not a pregnant chicken; The feathers are neat, shiny and tidy after drying, and can stand; The vicinity of the excretory cavity is clean, and there is no yellow-white thin feces adhesion; Umbilical cord is well absorbed and healed, umbilical foramen is tight and dry, without blood stains and covered with villi; Beak, eyes, legs and claws are not deformed; Chickens are active, responsive, with strong feet and no redness and swelling of joints.

Those who meet the above criteria are healthy chicks, and one who does not meet the criteria should not be selected. Because weak chicks are difficult to feed, even if they survive, they will not have good production results.

If you want to raise weak chicks, you should raise healthy chicks in groups to avoid bullying the weak chicks, who will die because of unsatisfactory diet.

6. How to choose a healthy chicken?

1) Chicken farms suggest that you go to chicken farms with livestock and poultry licenses to pick chickens; In addition, the facilities and environment of the chicken farm must meet at least the basic standards of hygiene and standardization before you can take them into consideration.

2) Checking epidemic prevention, hatching and epidemic prevention is the key to cultivate healthy chicks. Under normal circumstances, the deforested seedlings will lose weight after epidemic prevention, because grasping the vaccine by hand will affect their food intake. So don't choose suggestions that tell you that your chickens are vaccinated, but they are still heavy. This kind of advice comes out to fool you without even knowing the basic knowledge

Of course, chickens that are too light are also unhealthy. For example, if the thawed seedlings weigh less than 32g, they are probably sick chickens. (3) All-round observation of healthy chicks ① Performance: standing firm and powerful, loud and clean, sensitive to light and sound, lively and active.

② Observation method: Touch the chick's abdomen with your hand to feel whether there is a lump. If there is, it means that the yolk has not been absorbed, and it belongs to the chicks with slow development. If there is no lump, the chick is struggling violently, and there is no dirt in the * * * *, it belongs to healthy chicks, otherwise it is sick chicks. Sick and weak chicks are characterized by: they often stand unsteadily, their eyes are dull or close frequently, their voices are weak, their wings are drooping, they always stay alone in the corner or like to get together all day, and they are slow to respond to light and sound.

In another case, when the feet of the chicks are cracked and the beaks are dry, the chicks will be dehydrated and weak. The reason for this situation is probably that they have been checked by trucks for a long time. There are also some disabled chicks, which are generally obvious, such as umbilical cord bleeding, yolk sac exposure or even dragging on the ground, blindness, dry body and so on. Naturally, this category cannot be purchased.

② Observation method: See if chicks can drink and eat by themselves, if not, they are usually sick chicks. Tips: Some unscrupulous merchants will secretly change the sex ratio of chickens when they deliver a large number of chickens you ordered. Because cock seedlings are cheaper, they will mix a lot of cock seedlings.

Therefore, we should pay attention to whether the sex ratio of the chickens we buy will change.