Six pictures of bipolar disorder briefly describe bipolar disorder

Six pictures of bipolar disorder briefly describe bipolar

Bipolar disorder

Definition: Bipolar disorder is a type of manic episode. Or hypomanic episodes followed by depressive episodes (typical features) are common mental disorders.

Characteristics: The clinical manifestations are complex. In addition to low or elevated mood, there may also be psychotic symptoms such as anxiety and obsession, substance abuse, hallucinations and delusions. The course of the disease evolves polymorphically, showing episodic and cyclical nature. The length of the intermission period varies, and the recovery status of social functions varies.

Cause

1. Genetic factors: The heritability is as high as 85%, which is higher than that of depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Bipolar disorder has obvious familial aggregation.

2. Neurobiological factors.

3. Psychosocial factors: Negative life events increase episodes of bipolar depression. Certain types of negative or positive life events increase episodes of bipolar mania.

Patterns of episodes:

Bipolar I: one or more manic episodes, usually accompanied by depressive episodes, Bipolar I: one or more severe depressive episodes, at least There was one hypomanic episode and no manic episode.

Cyclothymia: Numerous hypomanic episodes and depressive symptoms lasting at least 2 years.

Unclassified bipolar disorder: A person who has characteristics of bipolar disorder but does not meet the criteria for any type of bipolar disorder.

Clinical manifestations: Depressive episodes include "three lows": depression, eg. depression to pessimism and despair.

Slow thinking: few words, slow speaking speed and low intonation.

Cognitive function: decreased memory, decreased abstract thinking ability. There are "three highs" in manic episodes. Elevated emotions (the most important): Relaxation and joy.

Running thinking: increased volume of speech, exaggeration, and increased attention.

Willful behavior: increased activity, sociability, and nosy.

Treatment:

Drug therapy: basic medication is mood stabilizer, physical therapy: electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy, psychological therapy: cognitive behavioral therapy; psychoeducation intervention, family-centered therapy, etc.

Prognosis: This is a serious chronic disease, so it has two characteristics: a high recurrence rate, and the risk of recurrence within five years exceeds 73%, of which 2/3 have the risk of multiple recurrences. High suicide rate: About 20% of bipolar patients eventually die by suicide.

Focus: The disease does not have only one state. The key point is to observe and classify its attack patterns.

The disease is highly heritable. The clinical manifestations of this disease are “three lows and three highs”. The disease has a high recurrence rate and a high suicide rate. Therefore, the focus of prevention is to prevent patients from relapse. The diagnosis of this disease is easily confused with other mental illnesses: eg, depressive episodes, schizophrenia, etc.