Festival Customs and Diet Culture in Liupanshui

1, long-horned seedling style

In Suojia Town, 50 kilometers away from the central area of Liuzhi Special Zone, there is a little-known "long-horned seedling". At present, there are more than 700 households with more than 4,600 people in 12 villages, of which 8 are in Liuzhi and 4 are in Bijie Zhijin. They live a mysterious and primitive tribal life, and their national culture, customs and scenery still retain ancient customs. The unique feature is that a woman wears a long-horned wooden comb of 65,438+0 feet, 5 inches to 0.2 feet on her head. The horns are higher than the sides of the head, and the horns are wrapped with 2-4 kilograms of hair (human hair is twisted into slender hair lines to form a strange headdress, in addition to "bamboo carving notes" and embroidery, embroidery. 1998 10 3 1 The first folk ecological museum in China, which was jointly built by China and Na Wei, opened in this village.

2. Yi people celebrate the New Year.

On June 23rd, the Yi people in our village collectively held the "Beating the Old Cow". It is said that the Yi people's New Year's Eve was originally June 24th. Because the ancestors were poor, they stole someone else's cattle the day before, and they were afraid of being discovered, so they passed one day earlier. The next day, they were going to pay tribute with their cows' heads, so they pretended to carry their children on their backs. I read "dear little sister, dear little sister" in my mouth ... so there was an allusion to "I don't recognize the cow's head behind my back" Legend belongs to legend, looking back at the customs left by our ancestors. On June 23rd, Yi Village held a collective "bull-beating" for two days to sacrifice to Niu Shan. At that time, a platform will be set up at the foot of the sewer of the cattle farmers' house to feed the cattle with glutinous rice balls. Then the bullwhip was whipped, ramie wrapped in wool and grass braid was sent to the mountain, glutinous rice dyed red and yellow was presented in front of the altar on the mountain, and the cow was sacrificed on the spot. The first family will light incense and pray: "Mountain God, land demon, bless peace, bless purity, and bless the harvest of grain." After the sacrifice, he shared the meat and went home to have dinner with his relatives and friends. Before sharing the meat, he killed another chicken. A boss tied chicken feet together and threw them in front of others, which family led to the boss of the next year.

Step 3 throw a flower bag

The flower bag was originally made of flower cloth into a ball, and later changed to a pillow shape. Some sides are nailed with hanging ropes, and some sides are decorated with lace and "play whiskers". The pillow bag is filled with adzuki beans, rice bran or cottonseed. There is a fixed time and place to throw flowers and bags everywhere, mostly during the Spring Festival, June 6 and July 30. At that time, the Buyi girls dressed up beautifully, and the boys also put on new clothes, blowing leaves and Qin Yue, and happily came to the flower market to hold a funny packet loss activity. At the beginning of packet loss, young men and women stood in a row, more than ten meters apart, and threw them in the opposite direction. After a while, they saw colorful bags flying in the air, which was really beautiful. Gradually, the flower bags are not thrown at will, but only at the object they admire, and the other party is willing to throw more at themselves, which is a sign of goodwill. Wrap the flowers around your shoulders and you won't have to answer them. If you don't catch them on your shoulder, give them a gift, such as a silver hairpin, a collar, a bracelet and a ring. These gifts are symbols of love. In addition, you can invite trysts to get to know each other and deepen your feelings. Therefore, among Buyi people, throwing flower bags is not only an interesting holiday game, but also a way for young men and women to express their love.

4. Panxian Chicken Farm Ping Nuo Dance

Nuo, in the past, meant to greet God, commonly known as jumping to God, which included exorcising evil spirits and seeking good luck. Believers invite dancers to their homes for activities. Dance is a group dance. The step altar is located in front of the shrine in the main hall, and the running altar is located on the dam outside the house. Dancers wear crowns and masks, vestments and drums (commonly known as sheepskin drums) and dance around the altar. The dance steps are heavy, the formation is changeable, the drums are loud and the rhythm is fast. During the whole process, the dancers cooperated tacitly, and their movements were chic and ups and downs. Nuo dance is superstitious, but the dance steps mostly come from life, such as "antelope play", "rhinoceros looking at the moon", "five horses shuttling", "oriole drying its wings", "Huanglong wagging its tail", "Xianren Bridge" and "going up the knife mountain". Gong Ping Nuo Dance Team of Chicken Farm has won many awards in the province, so it also won the township.

5. Yin Si Miao customs.

Yin Si Miao Village is located in Bazhai, Niuchang, Liuzhi Xinyao Township, 30 kilometers away from the urban area. The Miao women here have unique costumes, mostly dark blue or black, with short dresses. The biggest feature is that the short skirt and sleeves are embroidered with four brightly colored square patterns, just like four exquisite square seals. Therefore, it is called batik embroidery of Miao nationality in Yin Si and Miao nationality in Yin Si. Its color is harmonious, exquisite and elegant, and Lusheng song and dance is also unique. Yin Si Miao Village is located in Bazhai, Niuchang, Liuzhi Xinyao Township, 30 kilometers away from the urban area. The Miao women here have unique costumes, mostly dark blue or black, with short dresses. The biggest feature is that the short skirt and sleeves are embroidered with four brightly colored square patterns, just like four exquisite square seals. Therefore, it is called batik embroidery of Miao nationality in Yin Si and Miao nationality in Yin Si. Its color is harmonious, exquisite and elegant, and Lusheng song and dance is also unique.

6. Lusheng Dance

There are many kinds of Miao Lusheng dances in the city, with different participants and many basic movements, which are mostly the reappearance of production and life scenes. Secondly, it is difficult and skillful, and is famous for its unique "short Gong Zhuang". But no matter which form, dancers are required to dance while blowing, with the same pitch, and dance while jumping to complete the whole dance in one go. In particular, Lusheng Dance, a branch of "Little Flower Miao" in Shuicheng Nankai and Qinglin, is famous for its exquisite skills, difficult dancing skills, unique meanings and gathering of experts in history. It has formed a major genre of Miao Lusheng Dance, which enjoys a high reputation in the whole province and even the whole country. It is a typical representative of Lusheng dance of Miao nationality in northwest Guizhou, and is known as the folk dance art of "foreigners can't learn it, but China people can't dance well". Zhang Wenyou, a late Lusheng dancer, and Zhang Shaoxue, Zhu, Zhu Xingzhi, Zhu Mingxue, Zhu, Wang Guiming, Zhang Faxi, Wang Guozhi and Yang Guihua, who are active in Nankai and Qinglin today, are representative artists of Miao Lusheng dance.

7. "Fish Dragon Fossil Village" in Xinminyangdian, Panxian County

The village is located in Xinmin Township, Panxian County/Yulong Village in Kloc-0/2 km. In July, 2004, Professor Zhang Shouyue (an expert in karstology), Professor Li (an expert in geological structure) and Professor Yuan (an expert in cultural relics) from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of China Academy of Sciences found that the fossils of Hunlong, ichthyosaur, fish fossils, magic dragon and Guizhou dragons unearthed in this village were 233 million years ago. Among them, the "Guizhou Dragon" fossil is 4 million years earlier than the "Guizhou Dragon" fossil now preserved in the Guizhou Provincial Museum and 5 million years earlier than Guanling.

8. Peasant paintings in water towns

Watertown peasant paintings are rooted in the soil of folk arts such as embroidery, batik, paper-cutting and sculpture of people of all ethnic groups living in this land. These works either express their own history and religious beliefs, or express their own feelings. They express their feelings on clothes that meet their material needs, or on paper that meets their spiritual life, which is the source of peasant paintings in Shuicheng.

9. Folk opera

Folk drama and folk art circulating in the water are mainly divided into two categories. One is a unique form that has been circulating in the local area for a long time, such as the local opera in Liuzhi Special Zone, the Nuo opera (Duangong opera) in Shuicheng County and Panxian County, the popular singing and rap performances among the Yi people in Shuicheng County, and the lanterns all over the city. The other is a variety of plays imported from other places, such as the early introduction of Qin Wen singing Taoist feelings, which has a long history in Liupanshui. Later, more popular modern folk art such as cross talk, storytelling, allegro, counterpart words, treasures, gongs and drums, three sentences and a half was introduced. In addition, there are various forms of foreign dramas popular in factories, mines and towns all over the country after the "Third Line Construction" in the 1960s, such as Shandong Kuaishu, Henan pendant, Sichuan Yin Qing, Northern Drum, Jiangnan Pingtan and so on.

10, West Zhejiang Nuo Opera

Zhexi Township is located 45 kilometers south of Liuzhi Special Zone. Every year from the third day of the first lunar month to the third day of March, the Yi compatriots in Zhexi Township will perform for the villagers voluntarily, offering sacrifices to gods and exorcising ghosts. Its main feature is the mask of the whole hall. Nuo mask is a combination of gods, ghosts and people, which is vivid and highlights the character. Whenever a performance is performed, the audience is jumping around, which is very lively.

1 1, flower picking hole blind date

Shi ban cun, Ma Chang Township, Panxian Special Economic Zone, is 45 kilometers away from the county seat. There is a hole on the hillside to the east of the village, which faces north. The arch is semicircular, with a span of14m, a height of 3m and a depth of 60m. Stalactites in the cave are fully developed and wonders abound. Every year from the first day of the first month to the fifteenth day of the first month, thousands of Miao people from neighboring villages and counties gather here to sing love songs, play lusheng and flute, and sing while playing.

Second, Liupanshui food culture

Liupanshui's food culture has the characteristics of strong regionality, diverse categories, rich cultural connotations, flexible cooking skills, unique production of Yaozhuan, historical inheritance of regional features, diversity and so on. The main famous snacks are: Shuicheng griddle, Shuicheng mutton powder, steamed cake, Langdai sauce, lotus leaf glutinous rice chicken and so on.