Teaching innovation and research of parachuting ground movements: parachuting ground training movements.

Skydiving is a air movement with complicated technology and certain risks, which is practical and risky. We must follow and study the teaching rules of skydiving training, carry out strict, regular and scientific skydiving ground action training, strengthen the innovation and research of skydiving ground action teaching, improve and perfect the methods and ways of skydiving training, successfully complete skydiving training tasks and ensure safety.

Teaching innovation of ground movements in skydiving training

Skydiving is a life-saving skill that pilots must master. To complete the task of skydiving training, we must go through strict, formal and scientific skydiving ground action training. After years of exploration, the organization and management of training have been continuously improved, and a systematic and scientific ground training model has been formed in practice, which has comprehensively improved the teaching quality and school-running level. However, in the process of skydiving, there are still phenomena that cause injuries to skydivers. In view of the fact that there is a certain disconnect between ground action training and skydiving, we should innovate training methods and means, strengthen ground simulation training and psychological quality training, so as to complete skydiving training tasks safely.

The first is to strengthen the innovation and research on the simulation training method of parachuting ground movements.

Skydiving ground action training is the only way to complete the skydiving task. Only by mastering the correct action essentials can we successfully and safely complete the skydiving task.

1. Off-site training

At present, the extravehicular training is mainly carried out on the ground simulation platform. After a period of training, skydivers can master the essentials of action well. However, in actual parachuting, parachutists often can't play the level of ground movements normally, and often make mistakes such as movement deformation and open hands and feet. The main reason is that there is a huge gap between ground training and actual skydiving, which will cause certain psychological pressure to the people who take part in skydiving for the first time, thus leading to the deformation of their movements when they leave the plane. At present, the parachuting training simulator has been successfully developed and put into use, which can truly simulate the feeling of paratroopers when they get off the plane. After the trainees master the disembarkation action on the ground, they can carry out simulation training, which can make the paratroopers have a more real experience of the cabin environment and the airflow after disembarkation, which is very important to improve the paratroopers' psychological endurance and adaptability.

2. Operation and special training

After the parachute is opened, the parachutist must operate the parachute correctly and skillfully, and correct the deviation by using the horizontal speed of the parachute to land at the predetermined landing point. Therefore, mastering the operation method of parachute is an essential skill for every parachutist. At present, control training is mainly carried out on the control frame. Through training, the parachutist can master the control method of parachute in theory, but it still can't meet the needs of actual parachuting. Therefore, the control framework should be improved and the parachute virtual reality system should be introduced. At present, the control frame is a directional fixed frame, which determines that it can't imitate the motion characteristics of parachutes in the air, and it won't make parachutists feel the feeling of landing control in the air. To solve this difference, we can add a control system that moves up and down and changes direction to train on the basis of fixed frame, so that the control training is closer to reality. Skydivers can also enter the skydiving ground simulation platform and put on helmet visual display system, data suit, shoes and so on. And enter the virtual system to feel the visual, auditory and tactile simulation of the whole skydiving process. The system is used to simulate the paratroopers' operation in various situations, making the training concrete, visual and realistic, and improving the paratroopers' operation and control ability. Because skydiving is carried out in high-speed air movement, there are often special situations that endanger the safety of skydivers, and the types and methods of special situations are different, so it is impossible to repeat and simulate the scene at that time. If special skydiving training can be carried out in a large vertical wind tunnel, and some special phenomena can be simulated for experiments and analysis, we can correctly analyze the causes and laws of special situations, formulate corresponding measures to prevent special situations, master correct and effective treatment methods, and improve our ability to cope with special situations.

Special parachuting training in the wind tunnel will not bring danger even if the action is wrong, and even the wrong action will be made on purpose, and then corrected, so that the parachutist can master the skills of dealing with special situations, greatly reduce the probability of special situations, and avoid making big mistakes in dealing with special situations, thus laying a solid foundation for successfully completing the parachuting training task.

3. Landing training

Although the landing process is short, it is a test of the parachutist's action mastery and training quality, and it is an important link to ensure safety during parachuting. In the actual skydiving process, the proportion of landing injuries in skydiving injuries is quite large. With the continuous development and reform of parachuting equipment, landing training methods need to be further improved and perfected. At present, landing training is mainly carried out on rings and platforms. Platform training is mainly to enable parachutists to master the correct landing action essentials, improve their ability to bear dynamic landing loads and enhance their passive landing awareness. Ring training can more vividly simulate the landing trajectory of paratroopers' vertical descent and horizontal movement when landing, thus strengthening the targeted training of "three tights and one leveling" and "cushioned legs", which is closer to reality. In order to make the landing training more comprehensive and perfect, we should strengthen the training of landing simulator. The parachutist can wear a parachute harness system and land on the ground along a slide several meters from the ground, which can more vividly simulate the landing impact of the parachutist. In order to make the training more effective, rolling landing action training should be added in the training. Through training, the parachutist learns to fall and roll at the moment of landing to cushion, and his body touches the ground by pressing his feet, knees, elbows and shoulders in turn, so as to increase the buffering distance and time, so that his body can bear the dynamic landing load evenly and avoid the parachutist from being injured when landing. In actual parachuting, due to various factors, the parachutist often can't move forward to cushion the landing. In order to improve the ability of parachutists to bear dynamic landing loads in different directions, the landing simulator can be equipped with lateral and reverse landing training, which makes the landing training more comprehensive and practical, calmly responds to various unfavorable situations and reduces the probability of landing injuries.

Second, according to the particularity of skydiving training, strengthen psychological quality training.

Psychological research has proved that anyone who encounters complicated situations will inevitably produce a special emotion, that is, a state of tension. This state causes the excitement of various systems of the body, which in turn affects people's behavior and work ability. Although skydiving can cultivate people's courage, perseverance, alertness and good will, at the same time, skydivers have to bear extraordinary loads both physically and mentally, thus threatening the safety of skydiving. When the psychological load exceeds a certain limit, there will be a "stress" psychological state. Beginners, in particular, will have psychological barriers when engaging in this activity. Accidents are often operational errors caused by psychological fear and tension. Because skydiving is carried out in the air, people's feelings and reactions are not as relaxed as those on the ground, and their hearts are always in a state of high tension, resulting in their ability to observe, judge and exert their actions not as vivid as those on the ground. With the increase of parachuting times, training courses and difficulties, higher requirements are put forward for the quality of parachutists.

In addition to thinking, physical skills and other factors, psychological quality is also an important factor to measure whether a skydiver is qualified. A paratrooper with good psychological training can cope with accidents in high-tension skydiving, give full play to his technical level and deal with them decisively. In teaching, we must teach parachutists to adjust their psychology and participate in skydiving in the best psychological state, so that they can jump from fear to dare, from dare to want to jump, calmly deal with various situations in real skydiving, and complete skydiving training with high quality and efficiency.

Third, the development direction of skydiving ground action training

With the further advancement of information construction in the army, skydiving training must work hard to innovate ideas and improve means, especially to strengthen virtual simulation training. Before skydiving, we should practice the technical movements of skydiving course virtually. Modern multimedia technology and parachuting training virtual reality technology are used to simulate the actual parachuting process, so that parachutists can experience possible stimuli in a realistic parachuting environment, form a relatively complete perception and actual parachuting appearance, improve psychological stability and ensure normal performance in actual parachuting. Virtual simulation training has the characteristics of low consumption, repeatability, interruptibility and accessibility, which avoids danger, greatly improves training efficiency, is as close as possible to skydiving practice and promotes the development of skydiving training. Developing the virtual simulation technology of parachuting training is bound to be the inevitable trend of the development of our army's aviation lifesaving training, and it is also an innovative move for our army's aviation lifesaving professionals to carry out parachuting lifesaving teaching and training.