Fifth grade Chinese

One night in August in the fourth year of Qing Shunzhi (1647), a thief entered the home of an old scholar with great expectation. However, the thief soon discovered that this was a poor scholar who was so poor that his home was empty. The thief was unwilling to return empty-handed, so he picked up the box that the scholar put on the bed and fled without a trace in three steps. Ironically, what the thief stole was not gold and silver, but the manuscript of Guo Que, the painstaking efforts of the old scholar for more than 2 years.

When the old scholar woke up the next day and found the manuscript stolen, it seemed that the whole world had abandoned him. Twenty years of bitterness suddenly turned into tears: "Hey! I am strong! "

His name is Tan Qian. An ordinary person with a poor family. At the age of twenty-nine, his mother passed away, and he was in mourning at home. He is a bookworm. As long as someone gives him a book, he will be overjoyed. He reads all kinds of books, which can be described as extensive reading. But he is most interested in history.

His mother died of illness. In order to relieve the sadness in his heart, he carefully read through Chen Jian's The History of the Emperor. However, he found that this book, which records the history of Daming, is really poorly written. It is not only superficial in opinion, but also poor in writing, and even has many mistakes in history, some of which are even upside down. Therefore, he decided to do it himself and give a true history of the Ming Dynasty to future generations.

So, based on the Ming records, he searched the group records, made textual research and errors, and compiled the chronology according to the facts, in order of month and day. The process of searching for historical materials is arduous, because many related books are only available to wealthy families, and he must have the cheek to ask for them. When he met some precious books, the owner refused to lend them out easily, but he also took out a pen and paper on the spot to copy them. This process was laughed at and driven away. He is often turned away from borrowing books and reading materials. Sometimes, in order to borrow a book, he sits at someone's door and waits all day, but he doesn't care.

in order to confirm some historical materials, he has to visit historical sites. I once braved the torrential rain and traveled hundreds of miles to inspect historical sites. During the twenty-seven years, he borrowed more than 1 kinds of historical books about Ming historians, one of which was compared with the other and recorded one by one. He conducted a comprehensive study in different categories, and finally completed the first draft in August 1647, with more than 1 volumes, millions of words and a thick stack.

in his preface, he happily wrote: "Therefore, it hurts me to steal the history of Ming Dynasty, and I repeatedly want to shake my pen, but I feel ashamed and angry, and dare not say it. From time to time, I have a glimpse of the chronicles of various families, and those who are false and ugly have made profits and losses. When they are a few years old, they become natural. "

after the death of Ming dynasty, with the thoughts of his motherland and the feelings of a patriotic adherent, he collected and supplemented the historical facts of Chongzhen and Hong Guang dynasties, and finally obtained the historical integrity of the previous dynasties. The whole book has been revised six times. Now, this manuscript, which condensed his 2 years' hard work, was stolen at night. Can he not be mad with grief?

if he goes down, then the thief will be scolded by the world. Fortunately, Tan Qian was not knocked down by setbacks. He wiped his tears and said, "My hand is still there, I would rather be!" . Old people start from scratch.

in order to seize the time, he always trudges with a crutch, regardless of the heat and cold, regardless of his age. He visited the collection houses everywhere, begged him to refer to the relevant books, and then copied them desperately. Four years have passed, and God pays off. Under his hard writing, he finally finished the manuscript and named it "Guo Que".

After the manuscript of Guo Que was finished, Tan Qian thought of his book's unclear historical records from Wanli to Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, and he thought of going to Beijing to revise it himself. While he was suffering from no travelling expenses, Zhu Zhixi, the editor of Hong Wen Institute, hired him to go to Beijing together and asked him to help with some literary and ink work. Tan Qian took advantage of this opportunity to come to Beijing.

In Beijing, apart from doing some writing work for Zhu Zhixi, Tan Qian collected materials for his Guo Que. Whenever he had time, he went to look for books, visit people and explore relics. His feet were blistered and he lost his way. He was still in high spirits, just like being possessed, and he didn't know what difficulties and fatigue were. He visited almost all the courtiers, royal relatives, eunuchs and courtiers in the previous dynasty, and even the Chongzhen Dibao borrowed it in those days and obtained first-hand information to check the manuscript.

The two years' efforts have not been in vain, and the trip to Beijing has further improved the quality of the manuscript of Guo Que. He wrote in a poem: "I am exhausted in my career, and I am full of difficulties and tears. I am still writing a few books." This is the portrayal of his life's struggle.

Later, Tan Qian returned to his hometown in Haining. When he returned home, Tan Qian got nothing in terms of money, but "there are almost thousands of papers in the basket". He was overjoyed, and even said, "I'm happy in the north!" Yu Zhibei is lucky! " Thirty years of bitterness has finally paid off, and Tan Qian has no regrets. A few years later, he died.

the history of Ming and Qing dynasties is very developed, and there are many historical works compiled by the government and the people. Tan Qian's Guo Que is the most famous private book in Ming Dynasty. The manuscript of "Guo Que" is said to be 1 volumes, and only the manuscript has been handed down from generation to generation after Tan Qian's death. After that, it was collected in Zhang Zongxiang, Haining, Zhejiang Province according to the manuscript of Jiang's Yanfen Caotang and the manuscript of Siming Lushi Embracing Classrooms, and the ten volumes of Chongzhen were proofread and punctuated, divided into 14 volumes, and the frontispiece was divided into four volumes, with * * 18 volumes.

Guo que recounts the history of 317 years from the birth of Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, in September of the first year of Yuan Wenzong's calendar (1328) to the Qing soldiers' entry into Nanking in May of the second year of Shunzhi and the demise of the Fu Wang regime. It is of great reference value to the study of Ming history, especially the history of Jianzhou Nuzhen and Chongzhen Dynasty in Ming Dynasty.

I hope it can help you.