The first volume of the eighth grade, Two Essays, focuses on the text.

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The first volume of the eighth grade "two short essays" text

( 1)

sun

In pursuit of light and heat, moths jump under the lamp and finally die under the lamp or soak in oil, which is commendable. At the last moment, it got light and heat.

I miss ancient Kuafu. He chased the shadow of the sun and died of thirst in the valley. In pursuit of light and heat, people would rather give up their lives. Life is lovely. But a cold and lonely life is not as good as a vigorous death.

Without light and heat, wouldn't this world be dark and cold?

If I had a pair of wings, I would be a moth on the earth. I want to fly to the hot sun ball. Let me lose consciousness when there is light in front of me and heat in my body, and turn into a puff of smoke and a pinch of ash.

(2)

moon

Every time I look at the bright moon in the sky, I think: is anyone watching the moon by the fence at this time?

The full moon is like a mirror, hanging in the blue sky. We should all stay in the mirror. There must be someone in this mirror.

Looking at the mirror on a cold night, I only feel cold light. Facing the cool moon, I feel the same way.

On the sea, on the mountain, in the garden, in the street, sometimes standing alone on the Gao Lu platform of the city in the quiet night, looking at the bright moon, I always feel that there are cold light and cold air invading my body. Late at night in winter, standing in a small yard, I saw the moonlight on the frosty ground and felt a thick layer of frost on my clothes.

Indeed, the moonlight is very cold. I know that dead planets don't release heat. The light of the moon is the light of death.

But why is there a legend that Heng E ran to the moon? Can that beautiful woman who took the elixir of life revive this lifeless planet? Or she saw someone's face in the mirror.

The first volume of the eighth grade, Two Essays, focuses on the text.

Part I: Background knowledge and related background.

First, pronunciation and meaning:

(combined word: up the mountain and down the dragon, up the mountain and down the dragon) l ngz ng: towering.

T: the door Keiichi: Urban and rural areas.

Dongyang Ba Fu: It refers to the Ba Fu Building built by the Qi writer in the Southern Dynasties when he was the magistrate of Dongyang (now Jinhua, Zhejiang).

Guazhou port: the place where Guazhou stops.

The thorn of a person who is not prominent: people who are not in position vote for famous posts. Thorn, a famous post, is used as a verb here.

Tongzhi: official name. The agent said. Boat: A boat.

Pregnancy: To be pregnant, conceive. Men and women: when you have a child, you are born.

Think deeply t: It means to think carefully.

Second, the relevant background:

1, about the author:

(1) Yan Boli, from the Tang Dynasty, life is unknown.

(2) Zhang Dai (1597~ 1679), whose real name was Zongzi, later changed to Shigong, whose name was Diean (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), was an overseas Chinese living in Hangzhou. Zhang Dai was born in an official family. The family began to decline, until his father, Zhang, fought and lost many times. Advocate drama? I like immortals, which has great influence on Zhang Dai. Zhang Dai was exceptionally clever in his childhood, but his outstanding talent was limited to the horizon. His country and family were in a declining position, and his career was submerged, so he simply refused to pursue his official career and intensified his efforts to carry forward his father's spirit of doing nothing and enjoying himself. This kind of life certainly embodies his extravagant hedonism, but from another perspective, it is also a special life experience. He has made friends with various people, including high officials, civilians, ordinary people, artists, bamboo workers, potters, tin smiths, coppersmith, businessmen and so on. He is also good at poetry, painting and calligraphy. Zhang Dai is a representative writer of prose in the late Ming Dynasty, and his creation has a unique and conscious aesthetic pursuit. He worships poetry? Ice and snow? The ice and snow of poetry is the high style. His prose collection includes three books: Dream of West Lake and Dream of Taoan.

2. About the Yellow Crane Tower:

(1) The Yellow Crane Tower, Yueyang Tower in Hunan and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang, Jiangxi are called the three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River. The best scenery in the world? Known as. The Yellow Crane Tower was built in the second year of the Three Kingdoms (AD 223). The original site is located in Huang Qi Jitou, Sheshan, Wuchang, Hubei, with three floors in Gu Lou and five floors in the new building, with a height of 5 1.4 meters. The main building is of reinforced concrete structure. The Yellow Crane Tower is near the Yangtze River and stands on the top of Snake Mountain. It is tall and straight, brilliant and magnificent. Celebrities of past dynasties, such as Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Jia Dao, Lu You, Yang Shen and Zhang, have all come here to play and write poems. /kloc-in the past 0/700 years, seven buildings were built and seven buildings were destroyed, and the last one was destroyed by the fire in the tenth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty. The new Yellow Crane Tower was completed in June 1985, and the main building is 5 1 m high.

A famous poem about the Yellow Crane Tower:

Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao;

The fairy of the past has flown away by the yellow crane, leaving only an empty Yellow Crane Tower.

Yellow crane no longer comes, and white clouds no longer fly!

Every tree in Hanyang has become clear due to sunlight, and Nautilus Island is covered with sweet grass.

But I looked home, and the twilight was getting thicker. The river is shrouded in mist, which brings people deep melancholy.

Farewell of Li Bai's Yellow Crane Tower Meng Haoran's Trip to Yangzhou;

Old friends frequently waved to me, bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower, and traveled to Yangzhou in this beautiful spring filled with catkins and flowers.

Sailing alone in the blue sky, I can see the Yangtze River flowing in the sky.

3. About Yu Garden:

Guazhou was originally a garden, built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. This garden is now designed as a garden in a garden. The entrance of the garden is the water surface, and you can only enter the inner garden through the island in the middle of the lake. Small island in the lake, lake light and stone stacks, deep shadows and caves. When you go ashore, you cross the cloister, with a hall on one side, a pavilion on the other, water on the other, a back garden on the other, a hall on all sides and a big wall mountain on the other. What does it reflect? Are all pavilions in Guazhou rockeries? Artistic conception Further west along the corridor, there is a waterside pavilion, which is connected with Xilin outside by water, just outside my reach. Although the Yuyuan Garden is small, it reflects deep twists and turns, and the beauty of mountain atmosphere tells the essence of the garden.

The second part: the overall feeling.

First, the idea of the article

Yellow crane tower 1

This paper first explains the geographical location of the Yellow Crane Tower, and then writes out the origin of its naming. The author explains the origin of the naming of the Yellow Crane Tower according to the statement in the Illustration, and cites the records of Ge Hong and others in Jin Dynasty to prove the truth of the facts, so as to enhance the persuasiveness of the naming origin of the Yellow Crane Tower. Du Jie, a crane, is nothing, but the author has nothing to do, thus painting the building with a mysterious color. Then I wrote about the towering Yellow Crane Tower and what I saw and felt when I climbed it. The scenery I wrote is up and down, far and near, inside and outside, and true and false. The article is colorful and interesting. Finally, the author wrote the position value of the Yellow Crane Tower.

2. Yu Yuan

This paper focuses on introducing the wonders of Schleswig-Holstein in Yu Garden and its distant artistic conception, expressing the author's feeling of enjoying the natural interest in the garden and praising the superb artistic attainments of the builders of the garden rockery.

Second, the context of the article

Yellow crane tower 1

The full text can be divided into four layers:

The first floor (the first two sentences): explain the geographical location of the Yellow Crane Tower. People have a clear impression of the Yellow Crane Tower from the beginning.

The second layer (sentences 3 to 8): Explain the origin of the naming of the Yellow Crane Tower.

The third floor: (Sentences 9 to 17): Write about the towering Yellow Crane Tower and what you saw and felt when you climbed it.

The first six sentences describe the appearance of the building, first describe the overall image of the Yellow Crane Tower, and then describe the architectural structure of the building in detail. ? Sit and peek at Jingyi, shoot clouds and smoke? A set of antithetical sentences is about the feeling of going upstairs.

The fourth floor (the last four sentences): Write the state value of the Yellow Crane Tower on the side.

Above, the author described the shape of the Yellow Crane Tower and what he saw and felt when he climbed it. He could have stopped it, but he was not satisfied. In order to establish the special status of this famous building, he cited the Laozi Temple in Lai Xiang and the Bayong Building in Dongyang as a foil, and used questions with strong sigh tone to show that the Yellow Crane Tower can replace these buildings. When watching, things will concentrate? , highlighting the value of the Yellow Crane Tower.

2. Yu Yuan

The imperial garden has a long artistic conception, giving people a feeling of being in the mountains. The full text can be divided into two parts.

The first part (1 paragraph): introduces the geographical location and owner of Yu Garden, and explains why he can visit Yu Garden.

This paragraph first explains the identity of the owner of the garden. Rich people? This tells us from the side that building this garden costs a lot. At the same time, it also tells us that only people with reputation and status can enter this garden, but ordinary people can't, which also emphasizes that this garden is unusual from the side, giving people a kind of? Growing up in a secret room, no one knew her? The feeling.

Part II (paragraph II): Write about what you saw and felt in the garden.

This part can be divided into three levels.

The first floor (from? There is nothing strange in the garden. Where to? Dark and strange? ), written in Schleswig-Yuan Qi.

This layer uses the total score, always writing a sum first, pointing out that the uniqueness of the garden lies in? Schleswig? : one is? Shi Qi? , one is? Empty chess? , one is? Deep and weird shadows? .

Second floor (from? Another water pavilion? Where to? Is it blue? ), write about the scenery and feelings around Shui Ge.

This floor is written about Shuige, rivers, shrubs, songbirds and other scenery, combining dynamic and static. The space here is limited, but there is a very remote artistic conception, giving people a feeling of being in the mountains.

The third floor (from? Guazhou Garden Pavilion? To the end of the article): Explain why all pavilions in Guazhou are famous for rockeries.

This building not only describes the whole process of rockery construction, but also praises the hands of skilled craftsmen and the superb artistic conception of the garden owner.

Third, the writing method

Yellow crane tower 1

The structure is rigorous, and the front call should be followed by the back.

This paper introduces that the Yellow Crane Tower is named after a fairy. Leaning by the river? And become a fairyland, because? Will gather souls. And famous buildings, with? Fairy? The text runs through the whole text. Yellow Crane Tower? Leaning down the river, down the river? , so that's it? Sit and peek at Jingyi, shoot clouds and smoke? . It is precisely because this building is towering into the sky and misty, so it is so? Will gather souls. Where is it? Because the content is closely linked, the structure of the article is very rigorous.

Short in length and rich in connotation. The excerpt is only 105, but it covers the general situation of the Yellow Crane Tower, including anecdotes, scenery, facts, arguments and feelings. It is a good article that contains so much content in such a short space.

The sentence pattern is changeable and multi-purpose dual. This essay is full of changes, combining the whole with scattered sentences. In this paper, four sentences are commonly used, mixed with three, five, six, seven and eight-character sentences, and some function words are added from time to time, which makes the meaning dense, flowing, full of emotion and distinct rhythm. There are as many as eight groups of dialogues or dialogues, which are elaborately crafted, exaggerated and figurative, and describe the Yellow Crane Tower from multiple angles.

In short, this essay is very literary, which makes the Yellow Crane Tower, like Tengwangge and Yueyang Tower, more famous for its writing style and more memorable.

2. Yu Yuan

This article was written in Yuyuan Garden according to spatial order. The article is written according to spatial order from front to back. First, the stone slope in the front hall, pine trees, peony and peony on the stone slope, then the pond in the back hall, the strange peaks and valleys in the pond, then the ravines circling outside the bedroom sill, and finally the water pavilion, rivers, shrubs and birds in the back garden. This is written step by step.

This garden sketch captures the characteristics of garden rocks and buildings and creates a poetic artistic conception. Written in the garden, the front hall is a rocky slope, with pine trees planted, flowers and plants planted along the slope, leaving no gaps and highlighting the artistic conception? Real? . Next to the back hall, there is a pool of clear water, a rockery is built in the pool, and lotus flowers are floating on the pool surface. From the bottom up, blue sky, clear water, red lotus and Qifeng combine to form an ethereal artistic conception. The gully behind the bedroom spirals down like a snail, with a deep artistic conception. In the Shui Ge area behind the garden, tranquility and green are the keynote. There are rivers, bushes and songbirds, and the artistic conception is remote, which makes people feel like they are in a deep forest. This essay is fresh and ethereal, elegant and humorous.

The language feature of this paper is the use of elegant language and slang, which is very vivid and vivid. Like what? Surrounded by shrubs? Are you online? Meng cong? In one word, write the state of shrubs covering the ground. Another example? A valley spins down like a snail? This popular metaphor vividly describes the shape of the canyon formed by Schleswig-Holstein circling down. Especially the introduction of rockery architecture, the analogy of pregnancy, pregnancy and childbirth is very popular, even? Vulgar? Street language, but it very vividly wrote several steps to build a rockery.

Four. Reference translation

Yellow crane tower 1

In the southwest corner of Ezhou City, there is a Yellow Crane Tower. Tu Jing says:? During the Three Kingdoms period, General Fei named this building. ? This matter is recorded in the Biography of Immortals, and related deeds are still preserved in different recorded narratives. Look at this towering building, standing tall and magnificent. Its top is close to the Milky Way and its bottom is close to the great river. Two-story eaves, bird-like cornices high above, and the doors on all sides are tall and spacious; Sitting upstairs, you can overlook the urban and rural scenery and bow your head to shoot clouds: this is also the most beautiful place of Chu and Wu landscapes. Why do you have to go to Laozi Temple in Lai Xiang and Bayong Building in Dongyang to enjoy the timely scenery and meet the immortals?

2. Yu Yuan

The place where Yu Garden stops in Guazhou is called Wulipu, which was built by a rich man named Wu Yu. The key on the garden door will not be taken out to open the door to welcome guests unless someone with status puts a name card on it. Baosheng's uncle, a friend of Guazhou, took me to Yuyuan Garden, and the owner of Yuyuan Garden entertained us everywhere.

There is nothing strange about this garden except the rockery made of stone. In front of the hall, there is a stone slope. This slope is two feet high. There are several pine trees planted on it, and peony and peony are planted along the slope. People can't fuck it It's strange because none of the gaps are full. The back hall is near the big pond. There are strange peaks and dangerous beaches in the pond, going straight up and down. People walk at the bottom of the pond and look up at the lotus in the pond as if it were in the sky. It's strange because it's empty. Outside the railing of the bedroom, there is a ravine hovering down, like a snail's snail shell, which is very strange because it is dark and far away. Further back, there is a water pavilion, long and shaped like a boat. This pavilion spans a small river and is surrounded by short shrubs. Birds chirp here, as if people are sitting in a pavilion in a deep forest. The realm here gives people a comfortable feeling, green and deep. Many garden pavilions in Guazhou are famous for rockeries. These rockeries were conceived in natural rocks, in the hands of stone makers and in the careful conception of their owners. Such a rockery in the garden will not be unsatisfactory.

Part III: Quasi-literary reading.

The mountain is not high, but the immortal is not famous (1). The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. It's a humble room, but I'm happy. The moss on the stage is green, and the curtain grass is green [6]. There is no Ding Bai as a scholar with a smile and knowledge. You can tune the pipa (⑼) and read the Book of Golden Classics (⑽). There is no confusion in the ears and no tension in the case. Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, Ting Yun in Xishuzi [14]. Kong Ziyun: What's wrong?

(Note: (1) Where there is a fairy, there is a name: where there is a fairy, there is a name. ⑵ Dragon makes spirit: Dragon makes spirit. S: Here you are. (4) Me: Me, here refers to the owner of the humble room. 5] Xin: the fragrance that spreads far away. This refers to noble character. [6] The moss on the upper steps is green, and the grass is green in the curtain: the moss is green and grows to the upper steps; The grass is green and reflected in the curtains. (7) Scholar: a great scholar and a learned person. (8) Ding Bai: Originally refers to people without official positions, here refers to people without learning. Tune the piano: play the piano. ⑽ The Book of Gold: refers to Buddhist scriptures. ⑾ Four books: harp, flute and other musical instruments, here refers to the sound of playing music. ⑿ case: government documents. [13] Fatigue: make the body tired. [14] Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, Ziyun Pavilion in Xishu: Zhuge Liang Caotang in Nanyang and Yangzi Yunge Pavilion in Xishu. The meaning of this sentence is that Zhuge Lu and Ziyunge are both humble, but they are admired because their residents are famous. ⒂ What's wrong with this? What's wrong with it? )

1. Answer the following questions in the original text:

(1) The elegant communication of the room owner is as follows.

⑵ What is the reason why the author thinks the Humble Room is not simple?

2. In the following sentences, the correct one is ()

A, the mountain is not high, there is a fairy/name.

B, moss marks on/step green, grass color into/curtain green.

C, no silk/disorderly ears, no case/I-shape.

D Nanyang/Zhuge Lu, Xishu/Ziyunge.

3. Translation:

There is no Ding Bai who laughs and has a university.

⑵ There is no confusion of silk and bamboo ears, and there is no complicated form.

4. Regarding the content of the article, the following item that you don't understand correctly is ().

A, showing the envy and pursuit of immortal life.

Expressed noble and proud ethics and interest in caring for the poor.

C, showing the feeling of being very comfortable in a simple room.

D, shows the attitude of comparing yourself with ancient celebrities.

The first 24 words are actually written, but they are not true. Virtual writing is to lead to the problem of real writing. Here, mountains and waters are written for analogy, and immortals and dragons are written for analogy, so as to show that you and the humble room have extraordinary taste.

6. The following statement is wrong ()

Take mountains and rivers as a metaphor. Mountain? And then what? Water? In fact, they are all virtuous people.

Sentences B and ④ render a quiet atmosphere, and also reflect the indifference of the room owner.

C, ⑦ The sentences written in vain reflect the room owner's aversion to secular life.

D the analogy between the guru and the pavilion shows that the humble room is not ugly, and also expresses the author's intention to take the ancient sages as his own responsibility.