How to make the custody class bigger and better? How to make the custody class better and bigger?

How can educational institutions with day care classes do better? First, schools are encouraged to take an active role. It is necessary to proceed from local realities and encourage qualified schools to actively provide summer care services for students. At the same time, the education department should actively cooperate with the National Youth League, Women's Federation, trade unions, communities and other organizations to provide students with summer care services through various channels and forms.

Secondly, students must participate voluntarily. Summer care services are mainly targeted at families and students with real needs. Parents and students voluntarily choose to participate, and students are not required to participate. We also particularly hope that parents will pay attention to their children's summer vacation life and try to spare some time to strengthen parent-child companionship, communication and interaction, so as to make their children's summer vacation life more colorful.

Third, adhere to the principle of public welfare. To improve the funding guarantee mechanism for summer care services, funds can be raised through financial subsidies, service charges or agency charges with reference to relevant policies on after-school services. Relevant charging standards are formulated by local education departments in consultation with relevant competent authorities, and schools are not allowed to charge fees in violation of regulations. In addition, it is necessary to improve relevant safety management systems, strengthen safety and health education and normalize the prevention and control of the new coronavirus epidemic, and effectively ensure the personal safety of teachers and students participating in custody services.

How to implement and manage agricultural production trusteeship?

In recent years, a large number of rural people from all over the country have poured into cities and towns. Who will farm the land? How to farm? How can we not hurt the peasants and demean the peasants? A series of problems have become the most urgent problems facing agricultural departments in various places.

What is agricultural production trusteeship?

Agricultural production trusteeship means that farmers and other business entities entrust all or part of the operations of farming, planting, prevention, and harvesting in agricultural production to service organizations to complete or assist without transferring land management rights. Complete farming methods.

In layman’s terms, agricultural production trust is a process in which farmers or management organizations with land management rights entrust all or part of the agricultural labor that should be completed by themselves to the trustee and pay a certain fee to it. A kind of production outsourcing behavior.

Among them, farmers still maintain the dominant position in family operations and are responsible for their own profits, losses and risks; social service organizations charge fees from trusteeship services and do not need to pay land transfer fees. At the same time, through social services The transformation of traditional agriculture by modern elements such as capital, technology and management has been realized.

3 key points:

1. Professional people do professional things and reduce the cost of farming, allowing farmers to participate in agricultural modernization and allowing farmers to earn more income .

2. Farmers also have to bear corresponding market risks.

3. By providing custody services, service organizations can centrally purchase agricultural seeds, agricultural inputs and other production materials, adopt advanced farming technologies, leverage the operational capabilities of agricultural machinery and equipment, adopt new varieties, and implement standardized production. , improve the output and quality of agricultural products, and achieve agricultural cost saving and efficiency increase. But the final decision-making power lies in the hands of farmers, who still have the final say on what to plant.

Currently, many processes in agricultural production in rural China have been decomposed and outsourced, and the level of specialization and professionalization is getting higher and higher. If farmers have land that cannot be cultivated but are unwilling to transfer the land, they can also entrust others to farm the land and implement agricultural production trusteeship.

Zhang Hongyu, Director of the Department of Rural Economic System and Management of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that agricultural production trusteeship is an urgent requirement put forward in practice. Zhang Hongyu pointed out that there are two situations of agricultural production trusteeship. One is that farmers have no labor force, but are unwilling to transfer their land and hope to obtain services from planting to harvesting. This is full trusteeship. The other is those who have labor force but cannot complete all production operations, and hope to entrust major links such as farming and harvest prevention to third-party service organizations.

Land transfer services have been mentioned in many media. However, land trust is different from land transfer. It does not transfer the management rights of the land, but entrusts all or part of the land farming process to relevant agricultural management organizations.

For example, you have a fruit tree. You go out to work and don’t have time, so you entrust it to others. They will water you, remove insects for you, and manage it for you. After you come back, the tree will not only grow. Now, the fruits have been harvested. You can wash them and eat them. It can be said that this kind of agricultural production trusteeship service is of great significance. Its emergence solves the problem of young and strong laborers going out to work and leaving their land uncultivated. At the most, it ensures the food security of our country. At the least, it makes people who go out to work feel more secure. Be confident.

Relevant policies

The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the development of agricultural producer services.

1. Major policies:

In 2014, the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Producer Services and Promoting the Adjustment and Upgrading of Industrial Structure", which clarified the scope of agricultural producer services. development orientation. In 2016, the Central Government Document No. 1 proposed to accelerate the development of agricultural producer services. It can be said that the promulgation of the "Opinions" not only reflects the requirements of the central government but also complies with the needs of practice. It is an important document guiding the development of the agricultural producer services industry in the future.

In August 2017, recently, the Ministry of Agriculture, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Agricultural Producer Service Industries". The "Opinions" pointed out that agricultural production trusteeship It is the main form of service-oriented scale operation and has wide adaptability and development potential. It is necessary to summarize and promote the forms of agricultural production trust that have been explored and formed in some places, such as "land trust", "farming and planting on behalf of others", "joint farming and joint planting" and "agricultural independent operation system", and regard the development of agricultural production trust as a way to promote agricultural productive services. , promote the main service mode to drive ordinary farmers to develop moderate-scale operations, adopt policy support, model guidance, project promotion and other measures to increase support and promotion.

2. Local policies:

Shanxi Province: On September 10, 2018, news came from the Shanxi Provincial Department of Agriculture that our province issued "About Doing a Good Job in Agricultural Production Trusteeship in 2018" "Notice on the Service Pilot Project" clarifies that there are 27 pilot project counties that will undertake the task of hosting services in 2018.

Anhui Province: In August 2018, the Anhui Provincial Agricultural Committee, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, and the Provincial Department of Finance recently issued opinions requiring vigorous promotion of agricultural production trusteeship and accelerating the development of the agricultural producer service industry. The opinions put forward that by 2020, we will strive to achieve full coverage of basic agricultural public services in the province, promote the agricultural production trusteeship service model, continuously increase the comprehensive trusteeship rate, and reach 25,000 agricultural production service organizations focusing on agricultural production trusteeship. .

Why should we vigorously develop agricultural production trusteeship?

Agricultural production trusteeship is an agricultural production in which farmers entrust all or part of the operations of farming, planting, prevention, and harvesting to professional service organizations for unified management on the basis of not transferring land management rights. The mode of operation is an important form of current agricultural producer services serving agriculture and farmers. Large-scale agricultural production trusteeship is the main form of service-driven large-scale operations.

At this stage, we are vigorously promoting agricultural production trusteeship, mainly considering four aspects.

First, it is conducive to solving the problem of the aging of my country’s agricultural labor force with concurrent jobs.

With the large-scale transfer of young and middle-aged labor force in rural areas, farmers have shown obvious characteristics of aging and part-time employment. Develop agricultural production trusteeship, allowing farmers to introduce advanced and applicable varieties, technologies, equipment and other elements into agricultural production through the professional services of service organizations, and effectively solve problems such as extensive and backward management methods and low production efficiency.

Second, it is conducive to promoting the development of service-driven large-scale operations.

Agricultural production trusteeship explores a new path to achieve moderate-scale operations without transferring land management rights, while satisfying the desire of aging farmers who have not yet left the land and have low labor ability to continue to engage in family operations. , giving them the convenience and benefits of large-scale operations.

Third, it is conducive to promoting cost-saving and efficiency-increasing agriculture.

By carrying out large-scale unified custody services, service organizations can centrally purchase agricultural production materials, adopt advanced farming technologies, give full play to the operational capabilities of agricultural machinery and equipment, select new varieties, promote standardized production, and achieve agricultural cost savings. Multiple benefits of increasing production, efficiency and income.

Fourth, it is conducive to promoting green and sustainable development of agriculture.

The professional service organization has advanced technology and equipment, and has strong ability to promote and apply green and efficient technologies such as deep soil preparation, unified prevention and control, and organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer. It can effectively help and drive ordinary farmers who lack corresponding equipment and technology. , to help achieve sustainable development of agricultural green ecology.

The state attaches great importance to four trusteeship forms

Relevant documents indicate that the production of agricultural products, trusteeship links, trusteeship models and service scale business forms that are mainly supported in local trusteeships have been established.

(1) Focus on supporting the production of agricultural products under trusteeship.

The production of bulk agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil, and sugar is related to the security of national food and other important agricultural products, and the comparative benefits are relatively low. The development of agricultural production trusteeship should focus on the trusteeship of the production of bulk agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil, sugar, etc., improve the production efficiency of bulk agricultural products through professional and large-scale services, increase the enthusiasm of ordinary farmers to engage in the production of bulk agricultural products, and ensure the national food and other important Agricultural products safety.

(2) Focus on supporting the operation aspects of hosting.

All localities should determine the key custody links and service content supported by the region based on local agricultural production and farmers' needs, as well as the shortcomings in modern agricultural construction and the popularity of farmers, and formulate a priority order of support. . For example, in some areas, deep plowing and deep pine cultivation, factory-based seedling cultivation, drying and warehousing are the key to modern agricultural construction, and these can be listed as priority support operations; in some areas, unified prevention and control, straw return to the field, and plastic film recycling have become The shortcomings of agricultural green growth can be listed as priority support for managed operations; and so on.

(3) Key supported hosting modes.

In practice, service entities and farmers have explored and formed multiple trusteeship models such as single-link trusteeship, multi-link trusteeship, comprehensive trusteeship of key links and full-scale trusteeship. All localities should scientifically determine the trusteeship model that will be supported and promoted in the region based on factors such as the status of the agricultural labor force, the production needs of farmers, and the service capabilities of service organizations. For example, for areas where farmers have strong willingness to operate, we can start by promoting single-link trusteeship and multi-link trusteeship, gradually transform farmers' production and operation methods, and gradually expand the coverage of trusteeship services; for areas with a high degree of agricultural labor transfer, we can focus on Promote models such as comprehensive trusteeship and full-scale trusteeship of key links to effectively solve problems such as "cannot plant land" and "cannot plant land well".

(4) Key supported service scale operation forms.

Large-scale agricultural production trusteeship is the main form of serving scale operations, and the concentration and contiguous cultivated land is a prerequisite for the development of large-scale agricultural production trusteeship. The conditions of land resources, the degree of labor transfer, and the level of agricultural mechanization development vary from place to place, so the degree of development of service-scale operations is also different. We should focus on supporting service-scale operations that have outstanding scale benefits and drive more farmers. In semi-mountainous and semi-hilly areas where it is difficult to achieve large-scale contiguous areas, the focus is on supporting relatively large-scale hosting services.

6 types of agricultural trusteeship service models

1. Land trusteeship

Land trusteeship refers to the entrustment of land to supply and marketing cooperatives by some people who are unwilling or unable to farm. The practice of cooperative organizations and large growers, and letting them manage farming on their behalf.

2. Contract farming and planting

Contract farming and land trusteeship are similar in concept, except that the objects of land delivery and management are different. Trusteeship is generally handed over to organizations such as cooperatives. , contract farming is generally left to individuals. In addition, after the trusteeship, the crops to be planted each year are decided by the cooperative, and contract farming is generally decided by the owner of the land.

3. Labor trusteeship model

The labor trusteeship model, also known as menu-type semi-trusteeship, refers to the labor service agreement reached between farmers and the trustee service entity, and the service entity contracts for sowing, breeding, seedling cultivation, The main aspects of labor operations required in the planting process include field preparation, rice transplanting, fertilization, pesticide application, and harvesting; the growers themselves bear labor service fees, seeds, pesticides, fertilizers, etc., and the agricultural harvest belongs to the farmers.

4. Order hosting model

Order hosting is when farmers entrust labor services for a certain period of time in the agricultural production process to the trustee, and the trustee gets paid according to the labor project. This model is easy for farmers to accept, but the diversity of choices makes management difficult and profit points low.

5. Joint farming and joint planting

Joint farming and joint planting is a new agricultural production and management method explored and practiced by the Agricultural Committee of Sheyang County, Jiangsu Province.

Under the guidance of the village committees and the services of the agricultural department, it adopts a new farmer cooperative management model of "farmers + farmers + cooperatives". It is based on the continued stability of household joint production contract management. In accordance with the principle of farmers' voluntariness, the village group will organize unified efforts to determine boundary sites through piling and other forms, break up field ridges, and gather fragmented farmland to achieve organized contiguous planting. Service organizations will then provide professional services to promote In agricultural production, joint farming, joint planting, joint management and joint operation are implemented to achieve a new production method that "increases area, reduces agricultural costs, promotes land return, increases soil fertility, increases yield, and improves efficiency."

6. Agricultural *** system

Chongzhou City, Sichuan Province has explored and formed an agricultural "** system" with the basic structure of "land joint-stock cooperatives + agricultural professional managers + agricultural comprehensive services" *Employment system" effectively solves the three major problems of who will manage agriculture, who will cultivate the land in rural areas, and who will provide services for production.

Guide farmers to convert land contract management rights into shares, and register with the industry and commerce to establish land share cooperatives. The cooperative adopts a ratio of 1:2:7 of net operating income (that is, 10% as provident fund, 20% as commission for agricultural professional managers, and 70% as dividends for members’ land holdings), supplemented by over-production shares or secondary dividends to protect members. income.

Four types of entrants into agricultural trusteeship

Although agricultural trusteeship is still in its infancy, capital is already eager to try it, and even deploy it in depth.

1. Full custody service: Sinochem Group

Since 2017, Sinochem Group has integrated Sinochem Fertilizer, China Seed Company, Modern Agriculture and other business companies into Sinochem In the agricultural sector, the MAP (Modern Agricultural Platform) development strategy has been established, which is a new model with a modern agricultural planting technology platform as the core. It is transforming from a model that relies solely on channel distribution to a technology service provider and "solution + product package" model.

The center can provide farmers with a "7+2" agricultural custody service that combines online and offline services: precise seed selection, soil testing and fully automatic fertilization, intelligent dispensing, and testing of grain quality and soil nutrients. services, agricultural machinery services, farmer training, smart agricultural systems, as well as drying, warehousing and sales, and agricultural financial services.

2. Land Trusteeship: Meilaizhonglian

Meilaizhonglian Company, established in early 2015, is the first company in the country to systematically propose and promote the purpose of serving agriculture through land trust. The land trust model advocated by the platform company refers to the practice in which some people who are unwilling to farm or are unable to farm entrust their land to professional social service organizations, who will farm, manage, harvest and sell agricultural products on their behalf.

3. Full industry chain hosting: Babaotian

Anhui Suzhou Babaotian Collaborative Agricultural Services Co., Ltd. was formerly Suzhou Xinxing Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., which was established in 2013. The company has gradually grown into a comprehensive service enterprise focusing on professional services for agricultural production. The company is committed to building and operating an integrated comprehensive operation company with a full industrial chain, all factors and the whole process, focusing on agricultural production trusteeship. In line with the concept of "discovering capable people, improving capable people, and mobilizing capable people" in rural areas, the company has extensively built the "Agricultural Production, Supply and Marketing Credit Cooperative Joint Development Cooperative" (referred to as "Agricultural Cooperative") led by capable people throughout the region. "Associated Press").

At present, the company has established more than 100 "agricultural cooperatives", serving nearly 30,000 farmers, and the land trust service area is 300,000 acres.

4. Land trust + contract farming: Jutu.com

In 2015, Jutu.com became a land management platform under Meicun to focus on rural land management and accelerate the development of agricultural industrialization. As a strategic goal, we provide users with land transfer, land trust, and land finance.

Among them, the Meicun land trust model adopts the order farming + land trust model to implement the "six trusteeships" to manage the entire process before, during, and after production; the "six unifications" quantify high quality, high yield, and high standards. Thus providing full industry chain services. At present, more than 11.2 million acres of land have been added to the trust system.

In addition to the above-mentioned agricultural trusteeship companies, there are also agricultural machinery cooperatives, planting cooperatives, and family farms in various places to start the trusteeship era with the advantage of "localization".

To summarize:

Agricultural trusteeship is supported by the state and will definitely become a new agricultural model in the future. Of course, there are still problems in agricultural trusteeship such as finance, talent, and credit system.

Given time, the future of land trust is very bright.