What is my country’s eight-character comprehensive dust prevention policy?

Our country’s eight-character comprehensive dust prevention policy is “leather, water, density, wind, protection, management, education, and inspection”.

Reform: reform the process and innovate production equipment. This is the main way to eliminate dust. Such as remote control, computer control, compartment monitoring, etc. to avoid contact with dust; using limestone with low quartz content instead of quartz sand as casting material can reduce dust hazards.

Water: wet operation. This is an economical, simple and practical dust-proof measure, such as wet cutting and grinding of stone.

Tightness and wind: For places where wet operations cannot be carried out, closed ventilation and dust removal methods should be used. For example, a closed dust source combined with local ventilation can be used to prevent dust from escaping. The extracted dusty air is processed by the dust removal device and then discharged into the atmosphere.

Personal protection and personal hygiene. In workplaces where dust exists, dust protective gear can be worn as an auxiliary protective measure. The most effective ones include dustproof helmets, air supply helmets, air supply masks, etc., which are suitable for environments with high dust concentrations. Dust masks can be worn in environments with low dust concentrations. Perform regular physical exercise, pay attention to nutrition, bathe frequently, change clothes frequently, keep your skin clean, and develop good habits.

Management: that is, strengthening organizational management, establishing and improving occupational health management systems, reasonably arranging labor intensity and work and rest time, and reducing occupational disease hazards.

Education: Employers should provide workers with pre-job occupational health training and regular occupational health training during the job, popularize occupational health knowledge, and guide workers in the correct use of occupational disease protection equipment and personal occupational disease protection Supplies to improve workers’ awareness and ability of occupational health protection.

Check: Occupational health check, including pre-job, on-job, pre-leave and emergency occupational health check. Anyone who is found to have the following diseases during the pre-job inspection shall not be allowed to engage in dust-exposed work: active tuberculosis, severe chronic respiratory infectious diseases, chest diseases that significantly affect lung function, severe cardiovascular diseases, etc.

Extended information:

Production dust refers to solid particles that are formed during production and can float in the air for a long time. It pollutes the working environment and harms the health of workers. Important occupational harmful factors can cause a variety of occupational diseases.

1. Pneumoconiosis. In occupational activities, long-term inhalation of large amounts of industrial dust and its retention in the lungs cause a systemic disease mainly caused by diffuse fibrosis of lung tissue, which is called pneumoconiosis. Among the pneumoconiosis diseases, sand lung disease caused by silica dust is the most serious.

2. Occupational poisoning. Some dusts, such as lead, arsenic and other dusts, can cause occupational poisoning when inhaled by the human body in large quantities.

3. Cause tumors. Some dusts have been identified as carcinogens, such as radioactive dust, asbestos and other dusts.

4. Cause transient interstitial pneumonia or acute exogenous allergic alveolitis. Such diseases are mostly caused by organic dust, such as moldy straw, sugarcane bagasse, feathers, bird and animal feces dust, etc.

5. Local damage to skin and mucous membranes. Some dusts can cause local irritation to skin and mucous membranes, especially acidic dusts such as boric acid and alkaline dusts such as alkali and lime. Some dust blocks the pores of sebaceous glands, causing dry skin, chapped skin, acne, folliculitis, and in severe cases, pyoderma. Metal grinding dust can cause corneal damage. Asphalt dust can cause photodermatitis under the action of ultraviolet rays.

6. Dust deposition. If a large amount of metallic dust is inhaled, such as iron, magnesium, tin, etc., dot-like shadows similar to pneumoconiosis may appear on the chest X-ray of the lungs, which may gradually decrease or disappear after being out of contact.

People's Daily Online - The most important occupational disease in my country: pneumoconiosis