Application of Confucian management thought in modern enterprise management

Confucianism is an important philosophical thought in China. It is applied to many aspects such as enterprise management and school education, which can adjust people's psychology and improve people's inner self-cultivation. It is the core of China's cultural development. Confucianism involves benevolence, harmony, the doctrine of the mean, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and so on. Its core lies in caring for the benevolent. These ideas have been widely used in modern human resources, which greatly promoted the growth and progress of enterprises in China, thus contributing to the national economic growth.

Application of Confucian management thought in modern enterprise management 1( 1) Confucian management thought

Management is a science in theory, but an art in method. The management thought of sinology is profound and profound, and the Confucian management thought of "applying what you have learned" is deeply rooted in people's hearts after more than two thousand years of inheritance and plays an important role in modern management practice.

Confucianism was founded by Confucius, developed into a systematic theory by Mencius, and developed into a profound ideological system by Cheng Zhu. It includes politics, education, life, family, ontology, epistemology, theory of human nature and methodology of cognition, knowledge and cultivation (Liu Haiyan, 2006). Confucianism regards the thinking of traditional culture as an organic whole, and regards "heaven, earth and man", that is, nature, society and life, as a whole system. This unified method of "harmony between man and nature" considers nature with people as the center, understands the world through reasonable analogy of personal experience and emphasizes the harmonious life between man and nature. Therefore, Confucianism put forward the people-oriented thought of "benevolent government", such as "the people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the least" is a true portrayal of the people-oriented thought. Throughout the peaceful and prosperous times from ancient times to the present, people-oriented is the ruling idea: the rulers in the early Han Dynasty put forward the idea of "ruling by doing nothing" and advocated "sharing weal and woe with the people", so there appeared the "rule of culture and scenery" in history; Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, sympathized with the people's livelihood with the heart of "saving the world and reassuring the people", and "the rule of chastity" appeared; Ming Xiaozong's "diligence and love for the people" created a rare "Hongzhi Zhongxing"; In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, it was frivolous and thin, and it was a "prosperous time" to recuperate. As the saying goes: those who win the hearts of the people win the world. People-oriented has always been an important ruling principle for enlightened rulers in China's history to implement Confucian management thoughts.

In addition, Confucianism advocates "self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world", unifying individuals, families, countries and the world, advocating "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you", emphasizing that "everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" and advocating "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later". On the basis of giving full play to individual talents, this concept emphasizes group consciousness and team spirit, and the integration of individual value and contribution to society, which is of great significance to the harmonious development of individuals and others, individuals and enterprises, individuals and society, and enterprises and society. Therefore, Confucianism provides beneficial nutrition for modern management from the aspects of human ethics, ideology, code of conduct, value orientation and management philosophy, and enriches modern management theory.

(B) the management practice of Confucian management ideas in modern enterprises

First of all, Confucian people-oriented thought "convinces people with virtue" in enterprise management. Since ancient times, the Chinese nation has called itself a "state of etiquette". In this case, "virtue" is necessary. Mencius once said: "those who serve the public with strength are not convinced;" Those who serve people with virtue are convinced by the center, which is also reflected in the recruitment requirements of some civil servants today: having both ability and political integrity, putting virtue first. For enterprises, this concept is to use ethics as an invisible driving force to escort modern enterprise management. From 65438 to 0995, Haier Group, a well-known domestic enterprise, put forward that "when employees make mistakes, their superior managers must bear corresponding management responsibilities" (Liu Haiyan, 2006). Its purpose is to ask Haier's managers to set an example, infect employees through their own virtues, and internalize the system norms into employees' own moral norms, which profoundly demonstrates the management concept of "serving people with virtue" and enables the company to work together with Qi Xin for development. Modern enterprise management also emphasizes law and system, which is very necessary under the condition of market economy. But Confucianism pays more attention to people's ethics and morality, and advocates cultivating people's virtues and good social customs, so that people can do things wholeheartedly according to moral standards. This is the highest level of management. Second, management should pay attention to "people-oriented". Confucianism abides by "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and trust", and "benevolent people love others" is people-oriented. During the early industrial revolution in the west, the "human" factor was not taken seriously, but modern western management theory began to emphasize that "human" is the most important factor in enterprises. For example, Wal-Mart, the world's largest supermarket chain, regards employees as its "partners", and there is almost no discrimination caused by different division of labor; Google allows employees to set up their own personalized offices (Liu Haiyan, 2006). Confucian "people-oriented" thought has played a positive role in promoting the management of modern enterprises. If an enterprise wants to succeed, it must first start from the fundamental interests of its employees, break the boundaries between superiors and subordinates, treat employees like brothers and sisters, give them a sense of belonging, let them think wholeheartedly, and strive to create the greatest wealth for the enterprise.

Third, the Confucian "golden mean" management thought shaped the corporate culture. Kong Ziyun: "If you don't go to the Bank of China, you will donate wildly! Crazy people will make progress, while stubborn people will make a difference "(The Analects of Confucius Lutz), and" The Doctrine of the Mean is also a virtue, which is extremely embarrassing "(The Analects of Confucius Yong Ye). This shows that Confucius also attached great importance to the golden mean. The doctrine of the mean, the doctrine of the mean is correct, and mediocrity is harmony. The doctrine of the mean means grasping moderation and doing things in an appropriate and fair way, including treating yourself fairly and correctly, handling the family fairly and correctly, governing the country in a fair and correct way and creating a harmonious society. The same is true in enterprise management. As managers, we should adopt a fair attitude, clarify rewards and punishments, and compromise. The golden mean has strong practical operability and can be used as a guide for modern enterprise management. Especially in China, as a country with a strong sense of human feelings, it is difficult for foreign managers to work in China if they don't understand the golden mean and emphasize systematic management in enterprise management. We can't change this situation, because this is the culture of our country. On the contrary, if we use it reasonably, we will get twice the result with half the effort. Mr. Shibusawa Eiichi, known as the "father of modern Japanese industry", recalled his entrepreneurial career and said: "Although my business has experienced difficulties and darkness, I always followed the teachings of Confucius and followed the purpose of The Analects of Confucius, so my business was successful" (Wang Heng, 20 10). In fact, the core of his obedience is the golden mean. Corporate culture is the core value of an enterprise. Only by implementing the Confucian golden mean in the process of corporate culture construction and internalizing fairness and justice into corporate values can we create a vibrant corporate culture.

The fourth is the management thought of "harmony is the most important". At present, China aims to build a harmonious society, and modern enterprise management should also emphasize "harmony among people". Modern enterprise is a comprehensive system and a multi-level organic combination. How to coordinate various relationships and how to mobilize the enthusiasm of employees has become a common concern. The Confucian management thought of "harmony is the most important" can be used for reference. Harmony is an extremely important factor in modern enterprise management. To maintain enterprise harmony, we need to strengthen it from two aspects: organization and individual. In terms of organization, first, an excellent leading group should be established, and the ideological quality and professional ability of the leading group are the necessary conditions for maintaining the harmony of interpersonal relations within the organization. The second is to establish a reasonable organizational structure, and an organizational structure with clear division of labor and clear rights and responsibilities is conducive to improving interpersonal relationships. Personally, every employee of an enterprise should treat others sincerely, give people a sense of closeness and care for others. As a manager, you should have a broad mind, dare to sacrifice your own interests, and handle the relationship between superiors and subordinates, especially those who disagree with you. As the saying goes, "harmony" is very important for a big family composed of different departments.

Conclusion and prospect

To sum up, the importance of Confucian management thought in modern management is self-evident, but these are just the tip of the iceberg. From the modern management in the west, we can see that both American management and Japanese management are characterized by combining modern management with their own excellent culture at first. As the British scholar Johnston said: "When we Europeans began to discover with surprise that China's social and political thoughts, China's ethics and China's art and literature all have lofty values, China people themselves began to learn impatiently to despise these great products in their culture ... This is a puzzling phenomenon" (Declaration, etc. , 2007).

In the past hundred years, the development of Confucianism has been ups and downs, and people have been exploring in the process of getting lost. Now, the enthusiasm of "Chinese studies" has been rekindled. I hope it is not a flash in the pan, nor is it just a pile of old documents. In the current materialistic market economy, especially for profitable modern enterprises, they are facing great competition and challenges. Some enterprises are morally bankrupt, have a weak sense of social responsibility, have a disharmonious relationship between superiors and subordinates, and have great psychological pressure on employees. Therefore, it is very necessary to apply Confucianism to management.

However, the current management of Chinese studies is still a fast food culture, which is used by people to be arty and has not been promoted to a prominent position in modern enterprise management. Of course, western modern management theory and Confucian management thought are not the opposition between western learning and middle school, and they can completely complement each other. Although it will take a long time to realize the unified application of the two, there is no doubt that as long as we can gather the efforts of a large number of scholars like western management ideas, systematize, quantify and deeply implement Confucian theories into modern management, and develop modern enterprise management models such as Confucian-Burton management matrix and Confucian -Seven-S management model, the development prospects of Chinese studies management, especially Confucian cultural management, in future enterprise management will be limitless, and China management will also emerge as the times require.

The application of Confucian management thought in modern enterprise management Part II: The promotion of Confucian benevolence thought to human resource management.

There is a certain connection between Confucian benevolence and enterprise human resource management. Confucianism emphasizes that all activities are people-oriented, gives full play to people's role, highlights people's value, thinks that people are the foundation of the country's sustainable development, advocates that benevolent people love others, and embodies the value of benevolence and people. The people can play an active role in governing and rejuvenating the country. A very important aspect of Mencius' thought is "being in harmony with people at the right time and place", from which we can find the important role of people in management. In a word, we can see the importance of human beings from Confucianism and emphasize the irreplaceable nature of human beings. Then in enterprise management, we should not only consider the economic benefits of enterprises, but also consider the value of people who create benefits for enterprises. Some enterprises do not pay enough attention to employees, so the enthusiasm of employees has not been brought into play, which hinders the development and progress of enterprises. The application of people-oriented thought in enterprise management can solve this problem to the maximum extent. Humanistic management plays a very important role in the optimal allocation of human resources in modern enterprises. Enterprises should respect employees, care about their work and life, and let employees have a sense of happiness and belonging in the enterprise, thus enhancing their work enthusiasm and improving work efficiency [1].

Second, the relationship between Confucian harmonious thought and enterprise human resource management

Confucianism has many explanations for the concept of "harmony". Harmony is the most important concept, which emphasizes benevolence inside and courtesy outside. The main purpose is to make people restrain their behavior with some thoughts and morals, so as to enhance the relationship between people and promote harmonious coexistence between people. In the human resource management of modern enterprises, as managers of enterprises, we must recognize the indispensable strength of teams in the development of enterprises, pay attention to cultivating the team spirit of employees, establish harmonious relations among employees and between employees and leaders, enhance corporate culture and promote team harmony. Harmonious interpersonal relationship is an important task of enterprise human resource management. To sum up, we can't lack the understanding and application of Confucianism in enterprise human resource management [2].

Third, apply the Confucian doctrine of the mean, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and innovative ideas to manage human resources.

1. Confucian golden mean and moderate management of enterprises Confucianism advocates the golden mean, which means moderation and justice. In the process of enterprise human resource management, we should adhere to the principle of moderation, and we should not rush into it and exceed a certain intensity. The golden mean guides people not to take extreme routes in their work and life, and always act according to the principle of moderation. This idea needs to be understood and applied in the human resource management of enterprises. For managers, when they encounter problems, they should take appropriate solutions, aim at the fundamental points of contradictions, start with key problems, reduce the occurrence of extreme behaviors, and thus solve contradictions smoothly. This kind of thought and concept is helpful for human resource managers to correctly handle the contradictions between people, establish a harmonious relationship between managers and managed people, and balance the interests of enterprises and employees. The golden mean inspires managers to relax management policies appropriately when using talents, dare to delegate power and adopt different management methods for employees with different personalities. When rewarding and criticizing employees, we should also uphold the golden mean, coordinate material rewards and spiritual rewards, make rewards and punishments clear, and enhance the fair and just image of leaders in the hearts of employees. In the process of human resource management in modern enterprises, it is necessary to achieve a certain degree of relaxation, thus promoting the realization of human resource management [3].

2. Analysis of the application of Confucian teaching students in accordance with their aptitude in enterprise human resource management. Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is an educational method, which is mainly used for different students. Confucius, the representative figure of Confucianism, believes that human nature is good, so we should analyze different people differently when educating human beings, avoid indoctrination education in the education process, and adopt heuristic education methods to teach, emphasizing the learning method of combining theory with practice. In the human resource management of modern enterprises, as managers, we should know every potential employee, and then maximize the potential of employees in our work. In addition, enterprises should pay attention to the education and training of employees. In the process of training, they should be guided according to different departments, majors and professional qualities. If the enterprise only pays attention to the management of employees and ignores the development of employees' ability, it will not produce good results.

3. Dong Zhongshu's innovation in Confucianism has given human resources a regulatory role in structure and allocation channels. Dong Zhongshu made innovative use of Confucianism, and advocated treating Confucianism dialectically, taking its essence and discarding its dross. This has brought new enlightenment to the human resource management of enterprises. The human resources of enterprises must be regularly injected with new strength and constantly optimized, so as to keep employees vigilant at all times and update the development of enterprises, and urge enterprises to adjust the human resources management mechanism with perfect training system and assessment system to mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of employees. Confucianism emphasizes the characteristics of human beings and emphasizes not to do to others what you don't want others to do to you. Therefore, in the aspect of human resource allocation, managers should respect employees' ideas and choices, and in the aspect of talent strategy adjustment, they should ensure the scientificity and standardization of employing people, and arm human resource allocation with the ideas of "making the best use of people's talents" and "I am naturally useful". Only by fully respecting the personality and thoughts of employees can we create a harmonious working atmosphere in enterprises and promote the long-term healthy development of enterprises [4].

Four. Concluding remarks

In a word, the long-term development of enterprises in China, especially the influx of foreign enterprises, has greatly changed the management thinking of enterprises. However, Confucian culture, as the integration of China's cultural thoughts for thousands of years, needs the attention of every enterprise manager, which is conducive to building a sound human resource management system. China's Confucianism contains a variety of management knowledge, which has an important position and value in enterprises. However, if we look at Confucianism dialectically, not all thoughts are applicable to modern enterprise management. Therefore, we should accept the essence of Confucianism and get rid of the ideas that are not conducive to human resource management, so as to build human resource management ideas with China characteristics and promote the development of enterprises.

refer to

Chunhui Zhou. The role of Confucianism in enterprise human resource management [J]. Journal of Yantai Vocational College, 2014 (2): 21-23,49.

[2] beam. Confucian Ideal Personality and Human Resource Management of Modern Enterprises in China [J]. Jiangxi Social Sciences, 20 12, (2):200-204.

3 Ma Yue. Enlightenment of Confucian culture on modern enterprise management [J]. Decision making and information. Late，20 12（，7）:247-247。

[4] Rulu. Enlightenment of Confucian people-oriented thought on modern hotel management [J]. Journal of Cuisine of Yangzhou University, 2013,23 (3): 46-50.

The application of Confucian management thought in modern enterprise management 3 1 Pay attention to humanistic care.

People-oriented thought advocates "people-oriented", and then emphasizes the spirit of humanistic care in governing the country. No matter the goal or the way of governing the country, we should combine the interests of the people and adopt a moderate ruling method to avoid all kinds of contradictions. Confucius advised the monarch to be kind to the people.

2 People-oriented thinking on the specific impact of hospital management

With the increasingly fierce competition in the medical service market and the development of the socialist market economy, people's demand for medical services has changed from single to diversified, and whether hospital management is scientific and reasonable has become the research focus of hospital managers. Combined with the diversified management of hospitals, in this ideological society of "people-oriented, serving the people", the traditional Confucian people-oriented thought is effectively combined with hospital management, and the Confucian management concept is people-oriented, which has certain reference significance for hospital management. "People-oriented" in hospital management is the inheritance and development of traditional Confucian culture, which can be organically combined with modern hospital management to be popularized.

2. 1 People-oriented, strengthen service awareness

In the hospital environment, the needs of patients are the first, saving the wounded and dying is the primary task of medical workers, and the traditional Confucian people-oriented thought has been vividly reflected in hospital management. As a hospital, we should always take the fundamental interests of the masses as the first interest, put the needs of the masses first, do things that the masses are satisfied with, and resolutely do not do things that the masses are dissatisfied with. Service is a way to give people comfort. The object of service is people, and the purpose of service is to make each other feel happy. In the "big stage" where services are everywhere, the enhancement of service awareness has become the primary task of hospital management. At the same time, we can effectively combine the Confucian people-oriented thought with it, carry forward the spirit of service with the purpose of people-oriented, and serve the patients, think about their thoughts and worry about their urgent needs.

2.2 realize the cooperation of people, cadres and employees in running the hospital.

With the implementation of the new medical reform, various new management systems have emerged in hospital management, especially the implementation of performance management, which has brought new challenges and new problems to hospital management. Whether the results of performance evaluation can satisfy all employees is a very difficult problem. When dealing with similar problems, medical political workers can combine traditional cultural concepts with modern management science. In line with the ideological purpose of "the people are the most important, and the monarch is the least important", when there are problems, leading cadres should put down their posture, first understand the problems of employees based on their problems and needs, and then think and deal with them from the perspective of employees, so as to organically combine and thoroughly realize the rule of the people, make cadres and the people equal, and have a harmonious relationship between cadres and the masses, thus promoting the smooth progress of hospital management.

2.3 People-oriented, correctly handle the communication between doctors and patients

With the advancement of the socialist market economy, the medical and health system has become a top priority closely related to people's livelihood, and the medical service problems that people care about have developed into new problems. With the emergence of new problems, the relationship between doctors and patients has also undergone new changes, not only the simple relationship between doctors and patients, but also the relationship between patients' families and caregivers. The maintenance of these relationships and the solution of problems revolve around people. Therefore, we should adhere to the people-oriented principle and correctly understand the relationship between people, doctors and patients. Handle the contradiction between doctors and patients in the right way and handle the communication between doctors and patients. In dealing with the communication between doctors and patients, Confucian people-oriented thought has always played a role. Medical political workers should adhere to the correct people-oriented thought and use the correct means and methods in line with the consciousness of serving the people. Confucian people-oriented thought once again provided an ideological basis for hospital management and played a huge role in promoting hospital management.

3 outlook

First, with the development of Confucianism and the promotion of Confucianism's status, people-oriented thought has developed into the core thought of Confucian political ethics, which has reference significance for advocating "people-oriented", paying attention to people's livelihood and improving the construction of ruling ability today. As a modern and sustainable medical and health service, in this high-quality and demanding service environment, people-oriented thinking is even more indispensable. Traditional Confucian culture and hospital management should be organically combined, with culture promoting management and management promoting culture. Their interdependence will promote the faster and better development of medical and health undertakings.