2011 Politics, History, High School Entrance Examination Hot Topics

At the "60 Glorious Years of Achievements Exhibition" and the National Day military parade, Hu Jintao reviewed the troops and delivered an important speech.

The economic aggregate ranks second in the world, and automobile production and sales rank first in the world.

Perspective Leadership

1. It has been 61 years since the founding of New China. Earth-shaking changes have taken place in our country:

Our country’s economic construction, people’s living standards and overall national strength have significantly improved; significant progress has been made in the construction of democracy and legal system; major steps have been taken in the cause of the peaceful reunification of the motherland, and new ethnic relations have been consolidated unprecedentedly ; Science and technology have advanced by leaps and bounds, and major achievements have been made in national defense and military construction; its international status has been increasingly improved, and it has played an increasingly important role in international affairs, becoming a staunch force in maintaining and promoting world peace and development.

2. The fundamental reason for the great changes that have taken place in our country over the past 61 years. In summary, it has opened up the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and formed a theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

3. The party is the core leadership of China's socialist cause; it always implements the important thinking of "Three Represents".

4. The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the path to realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. To build socialism with Chinese characteristics, we must adhere to the guiding ideology of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of "Three Represents", and thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development.

5． The party's basic line is the lifeline of the party and the country and the political guarantee for achieving scientific development. Throughout the primary stage of socialism, we must adhere to the party's basic line unswervingly.

6． Development is the last word. is the key to solving all problems. Reform and opening up is the road to strengthening the country and the only way to develop socialism with Chinese characteristics and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The socialist system has incomparable advantages.

7. It is our country's basic national condition that our country is now and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time to come.

On the whole, the level of my country's social productivity is still relatively low: the level of science and technology and the quality of national culture are not high enough; the specific socialist system is not yet perfect.

The main contradiction in our society at this stage is the contradiction between the people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social production.

Faced with the basic national conditions and principal contradictions in my country's primary stage of socialism, we must firmly grasp the center of economic construction and unswervingly.

8. The lives of our people have generally reached a moderately prosperous level. However, the moderate prosperity that our country has achieved now is still low-level, incomplete, and has very uneven development.

9． In the first 20 years of this century, we will concentrate our efforts to comprehensively build a higher-level moderately prosperous society that benefits more than one billion people. The goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way is the goal of comprehensive development of economy, politics, culture, society and ecology.

10. Shared prosperity is the fundamental principle of socialism, allowing all people to enjoy the fruits of reform and development.

11. The party and the government respect knowledge, respect labor, respect talents, and respect creation, let go and let the vitality of all labor, knowledge, technology, management, and capital burst out, and let all sources of creating social wealth fully flow.

12． With public ownership as the mainstay and multiple ownership economies developing simultaneously, it is a basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism in our country. In line with the basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism, we must also adhere to and improve the distribution system in which distribution according to work is the mainstay and multiple distribution methods coexist.

13. In the process of modernization, the fundamental criterion for judging everything is whether it is conducive to the development of socialist social productive forces, conducive to enhancing the comprehensive national strength of the socialist country, and conducive to improving people's living standards.

14. Reform is the driving force, development is the goal, and stability is the prerequisite. We must correctly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability.

Society’s stability and development require fairness. The party and government are committed to promoting social equity.

15． A socialist society is a society in which material civilization, political civilization, and spiritual civilization complement each other and develop in a coordinated manner.

16. Building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way requires long-term hard work. The great spirit of the Chinese nation is our great spiritual power to face difficulties, overcome difficulties, and achieve success.

The Chinese nation has formed a great national spirit centered on patriotism, featuring unity and unity, peace-loving, diligence, courage, and self-improvement.

17. Our communist ideal is to build our country into a prosperous, democratic, civilized, and harmonious modern socialist country.

18. Young people should organically combine their personal future and destiny with the future and destiny of the motherland, and consciously devote themselves to the modernization of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

High School Entrance Examination Prediction

1. What great changes have taken place in the 61 years since the founding of New China?

①. The national economy has grown rapidly, its economic strength has been greatly improved, and its comprehensive national strength has been significantly enhanced. (For example: my country's GDP has ranked second in the world, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has been completed and opened to traffic, the Three Gorges Project has completed water storage, and the Beijing Olympics has been a complete success...);

② People's lives have been significantly improved. (For example: the problem of food and clothing for 1.3 billion people has been solved, computers are popularized, housing is getting wider and wider, cars have entered people's homes, cement roads are connected to every village, and compulsory education is free);

③, science and technology Things are changing with each passing day. (For example: the successful development of ultra-high hybrid rice, the "Shenzhou" manned space flight. The successful development of the "Tianhe-1" petaflop supercomputer...);

④. A major step forward in the cause of the peaceful reunification of the motherland. pace. (For example: "One country, two systems" was successfully realized in Hong Kong and Macao, and the three links between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait were successfully launched.):

⑤. The level of social civilization has been greatly improved, and the spirit of hundreds of millions of people is high and high.

⑥. A relatively complete socialist legal system has been established, and the construction of democracy and the rule of law has continued to progress;

⑦. The international status has continued to improve, and the image of a peaceful, cooperative and responsible big country has become an international recognized by society.

2． What are the reasons for the above-mentioned huge changes?

①. The fundamental reason is the opening up of the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the formation of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

②. Unswervingly adhere to the party’s basic line, insist on taking economic construction as the center, and vigorously develop social productivity. Adhere to reform and opening up and the four basic principles.

③. Uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China and implement the important thinking of the "Three Represents".

④. Implemented the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the strategy of strengthening the country through talent.

⑤. Implemented the scientific concept of development and implemented the sustainable development strategy.

⑥. Promote the Chinese national spirit with patriotism as the core

3. What do the above huge changes indicate?

①. The economic construction has reached a big level, the people's life has reached a big level, and the comprehensive national strength has reached a big level.

②. The socialist system has incomparable superiority. Only socialism with Chinese characteristics can develop China

③. Reform and opening up is the road to a strong country:

④ , Development is the last word and the key to solving all problems:

⑤. The party’s basic line is completely correct;

⑥. The Communist Party of China is Chinese socialism The leadership core of the cause;

⑦. Innovation is the soul of a country’s progress and the inexhaustible driving force for its prosperity. Science and technology are the primary productive forces.

Inspiration from the tremendous changes:

①. We must unswervingly adhere to the basic line: adhere to economic construction as the center and vigorously develop productivity:

②. We must adhere to the four basic principles, continue to deepen reforms and expand the level of opening up to the outside world;

③. We must implement the people-centered scientific outlook on development;

④. We must implement science and education to rejuvenate the country. , independent innovation and other major national development strategies;

⑤ Strengthen the construction of socialist spiritual civilization and adhere to the coordinated development of material civilization, spiritual civilization and political civilization.

4． While seeing the achievements, we must also recognize the problems (or pressures) that still exist in our country's social development:

① From a domestic perspective: Our country is still and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time, and the productivity level is still low. Relatively low, development is unbalanced; scientific and technological level, national cultural quality is not high enough; resources are relatively scarce. The environmental situation is not optimistic; the economic structure is not reasonable enough; social contradictions such as difficulty in going to school, medical treatment, housing, and employment are still prominent; and the social security situation is not optimistic.

The moderate prosperity our country has achieved now is still a low-level, incomplete, and very unbalanced development.

② From an international perspective: it still faces pressure from developed countries to have advantages in economic science and technology; competition in comprehensive national strength is becoming increasingly fierce.

5. Provide ideas and suggestions to solve current problems.

①. Adhere to economic construction as the center, adhere to reform and opening up, and focus on solving people's livelihood problems:

②. Adhere to the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthening the country through talent, and promote scientific and technological innovation;

Politics: Prediction questions for the "Shanghai World Expo" in the last six days

Background material

From May 1 to October 31, 2010, the World Expo (World Expo) was held in Shanghai .

1. The emblem and theme of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.

The emblem of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo is shaped by the creative calligraphy of the Chinese character "世". The graphic of the word "世" means three people embracing each other with their arms around each other, like a happy and happy family. It can also be abstracted as "you, me, and him" in the broad sense of human beings, and their pursuit of a beautiful and harmonious life expresses the World Expo's concept of "understanding, communication, gathering, and cooperation" and highlights the people-oriented active pursuit of China's 2010 Shanghai World Expo.

The theme of the Shanghai World Expo is: "Better City, Better Life".

2. 2010. The Expo tourism promotion slogan is "Shanghai, China, discover more, experience more".

The Expo tourism image logo is composed of the blue Chinese classical pattern "sea water", the ink cursive Chinese calligraphy "Shanghai", the blue English letters "shanghai" and the Arabic numerals "2010" in orange and blue. In the composition, blue represents Shanghai's urban spirit of "accommodating all rivers", while orange expresses the city's vitality, passion, fashion and joy, echoing the Expo tourism slogan "Discover" and "Experience".

3. Shanghai World Expo volunteer logo, main slogan, song:

The main body of the logo consists of the Chinese character "heart", the English letter "V", and a flying dove of peace holding an olive branch in its mouth.

The main slogan of Shanghai World Expo volunteers is "The world is in front of you, and we are by your side."

Shanghai World Expo volunteers’ song “By Your Side”.

4. Shanghai World Expo mascot: The mascot of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo is a slightly humorous blue child whose appearance resembles the traditional Chinese character "人". The name "Haibao" means "treasure of the four seas".

5. China’s three image ambassadors for the 2010 Shanghai World Expo were officially announced. They are: international entertainment superstar Jackie Chan, international pianist Lang Lang, and international sports star Yao Ming.

Proposition Perspective

1. What is the significance of my country hosting the Shanghai World Expo?

Perspective of thinking: Hosting the 2010 World Expo will not only showcase the 5,000-year splendid civilization of the Chinese nation, but also showcase the glorious achievements of the 60 years of New China, especially the more than 30 years of reform and opening up; it will also promote economic and cultural exchanges between my country and other countries in the world, and enhance The mutual understanding and friendship between our people and the people of other countries in the world; for enhancing the self-esteem, self-confidence, pride and national cohesion of the Chinese nation; for scientific and technological progress and innovation, the development of national culture, and the prosperity of world culture; for the improvement of our country's international status , the enhancement of comprehensive national strength, and world peace and development are of great significance.

2. What principles of cultural life does the design of the World Expo emblem reflect?

Thinking perspective: ① Based on social practice is the fundamental way of cultural innovation. The World Expo emblem symbolizes people's pursuit of a better and harmonious life, and is a manifestation based on social practice. ②Cultural innovation is inseparable from the inheritance and development of traditional culture. The art of Chinese calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. The World Expo emblem is shaped by the creative calligraphy of the Chinese character "世", which is the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese culture. ③ Facing the world, learning from the strengths of others, putting myself first and for my own use, and fully absorbing the beneficial achievements of foreign cultures. The clever combination of "世" and the number "2010" as well as "EXPO" and "SHANGHAI CHINA" written in English show a strong artistic conception of the harmonious integration of Chinese and Western elements and multiculturalism.

3. If you want to sign up to be an Expo volunteer, please state your reasons for participating.

Perspectives of thinking: ① Dedicate love and support the World Expo; ② Participate in social practice and exercise your abilities; ③ Participating in the World Expo is a stage to showcase the spiritual outlook and civilized qualities of contemporary youth, etc.

4. What qualities do you think you should have to become a volunteer?

Thinking perspective: ①Have good scientific and cultural quality and ideological and moral quality; ②Have team spirit and cooperation awareness; ③Strong organizational discipline; ④Have a strong sense of responsibility; ⑤Enthusiasm and generous, respect for others ; ⑥Be trustworthy to people and responsible for things.

5. If you want to become a qualified Shanghai World Expo volunteer, what preparations should you make from now on? Please draft two slogans to promote national culture.

Perspectives of thinking: (1) ① Work hard to learn scientific and cultural knowledge, especially learn foreign languages ??well; ② Master the necessary social etiquette and comprehensively improve one's own quality; ③ Enhance the sense of responsibility and cultivate the spirit of dedication: ④ Strengthen physical exercise , strengthen the body

(2) ①Culture passes on the fire, and hard work creates the future; ②Promote excellent culture, you and I are fully involved; ③Gather national wisdom and wonderful Shanghai World Expo; ④Shanghai welcomes you, China It's friends and so on.

6． As a teenager, what can you do to make the Shanghai World Expo a success?

Perspectives of thinking: (1) Establish lofty ideals, study hard, and demonstrate the Chinese nation’s spirit of continuous self-improvement and striving for progress. (2) Be a voluntary publicist for the World Expo to enhance national pride and self-confidence. (3) Standardize your own behavior, cultivate good moral qualities and behavioral habits, and contribute to creating a good cultural environment. (4) Actively participate in physical exercise, enhance one's own physical fitness, and achieve all-round development morally, intellectually, and physically.

7. Please write down a few slogans (slogans) to welcome the World Expo

Thinking perspective: World Expo 2010 - The people of Shanghai welcome you to come as soon as possible! Cities make the world better, and people make cities better! The city’s today is the world’s tomorrow! Humans created cities, and cities benefit humans! The city creates the world, and the world beautifies the city! World Expo Shanghai, Shanghai looks to the world! Shanghai's liberal arts, let the world come to the Expo! Shanghai brings you and me closer, and you and I explore Shanghai!

Application Improvement

1. (Second Touch in Four Cities in Southern Jiangsu) The mascot of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo in China, with the Chinese character "人" as the core creative feature, highlights the concept of "people-oriented" . This ( )

① promotes the spirit of patriotism ② embodies the inheritance and innovation of Chinese culture

③ embodies the profound Chinese culture ④ illustrates that social practice is the foundation of cultural innovation Approach

A. ①② B． ③④ C. ②③ D. ②④

2. (Yancheng City Second Touch) The architectural theme of the China Pavilion at the World Expo is "Crown of the East". It organically combines traditional elements with modern elements and clearly expresses the spirit and temperament of Chinese culture. . This enlightens us ( )

A. Social practice is the only way to cultural innovation

B. Cultural innovation must inherit tradition and bring forth the new

C. Cultural innovation must Facing the world and learning from others' strengths

D. National spirit is the foundation of cultural innovation

3. (Two cities in four cities in northern Jiangsu) The Shanghai World Expo emblem is shaped like the Chinese character "世", ""世 " is cleverly combined with the number "2010" and "EXPO" and "SHANGHAI CHINA'' written in English. This shows that cultural development is ( )

① The combination of Chinese and Western styles, diversified integration ② The driving force and source of the development of social practice

③ Inheriting traditions and bringing forth the new ④ Facing the world and learning from others

A. ①②③ B． ①③④ C. ①②④ D． ②③④

4. Material 1: Themes of recent World Expos

1998 Ocean in Lisbon, Portugal—Future Wealth

1999 People and Nature in Yunnan, China—Towards the Future 21st Century

2000 Humanity-Nature-Technology-Development in Hannover, Germany

2005 Beyond Development in Aichi Prefecture, Japan: Rediscovery of the Wisdom of Nature

2008 Sala, Spain Goza Water and Sustainable Development

2010 Shanghai City, China, Make Life Better

Note: The theme is the soul of the World Expo. A good theme is always passed through in the preparation of the World Expo. It was produced after many times of brewing.

The theme of the Shanghai World Expo not only continues the theme of paying attention to nature, but also clearly expresses the new idea of ??a better life.

Material 2: At present, the preparations for the World Expo are in a state of full challenge. Shanghai is using the city's efforts to successfully host the World Expo: Party organizations and party members at all levels in Shanghai have extensively carried out the "Expo Pioneer Action" to give full play to the role of grassroots party organizations and party members as a fighting fortress and vanguard and model role. The Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress held a working meeting on the implementation of the 2009 legislative plan, including 7 projects serving the World Expo. Various departments of the Shanghai Municipal Government actively promote spiritual civilization creation activities and make great efforts to solve the difficult and persistent diseases that have plagued Shanghai for many years. Shanghai citizens recognized, participated in, and served the Expo, and millions of volunteers took to the streets to provide voluntary services. The people of Shanghai are working together to create a beautiful piece of music for the new century of mankind.

(1) Combined with Material 1, answer from the perspective of "Cultural Life": What principles are reflected in the establishment of the themes of previous World Expos?

(2) Combined with Material 2, from the perspective of "Political Life", talk about how all walks of life in Shanghai "create a beautiful piece of music for the new century of mankind"?

(3) Comprehensively use the relevant knowledge of "Life and Philosophy" to talk about the philosophical principles embodied in material two.

5. (Nanjing City Second Mo) The 2010 Shanghai World Expo with the theme of "Better City, Better Life" has attracted worldwide attention! Class 8 students in the senior high school class of a certain school carried out a comprehensive exploration activity called "Enter the World Expo", let us participate together.

Understanding the World Expo, students downloaded the World Expo emblem and pictures of the China Pavilion from the Internet. (See the picture below)

(1) From the perspective of cultural innovation, explore the design concepts displayed in the Shanghai World Expo emblem and the China Pavilion at the World Expo.

Studying the World Expo In order to understand the extensive impact of the Shanghai World Expo on my country’s social life and urban development, students participated in a questionnaire survey organized by an organization. The results are as follows:

(2 ) From the perspective of "Economic Life", explore the implications of the above survey results for the implementation of the Scientific Outlook on Development (at least three points).

Learning from the World Expo The 2014 Second World Summer Youth Olympic Games will be held in Nanjing. In order to support the Youth Olympic Games, the students in Class 8 of Senior High School plan to visit the Shanghai World Expo after the college entrance examination. After returning to Ningbo, they plan to make reasonable suggestions to the municipal government around the theme of "Better City, Better Life".

(3) Please explain the philosophical requirements for combining the theme of "Better City, Better Life" with the reality of Nanjing.

Reference answers

1. C 2. B 3. B

4. (1) ① Social practice is the source and driving force of cultural innovation. The themes of previous World Expos were established in the activities held at the World Expo and continued to develop accordingly. (4 points) ② The process of cultural innovation is a process of constantly “introducing the old and bringing forth the new, and reforming the old and bringing forth the new.” The themes of previous World Expos not only continue the theme of paying attention to nature, but also continuously inject new connotations. (3 points) ③ Since the social practices of various ethnic groups in the world have their own uniqueness and universal laws, the different national cultures that arise and develop in practice also have uniqueness and universal laws. Although the themes of previous World Expos are different, they all focus on nature. (3 points)

(2) ①The party gives full play to its core role in leading the socialist cause. The whole city of Shanghai adheres to the party's leadership, and party organizations and party members at all levels fully play the role of fighting fortress and vanguard and exemplary role in preparing for the World Expo. (3 points) ② The National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee shall exercise their powers in accordance with the law and ensure that there are laws to follow. The Shanghai Municipal People's Congress Standing Committee implements the legislative work to serve the World Expo and provides legal guarantee for the successful hosting of the World Expo. (3 points) ③ The government adheres to the principle of being responsible to the people and effectively performs its functions such as building organizational culture and providing public services. The Shanghai Municipal Government actively promotes the construction of spiritual civilization and vigorously solves the difficult and persistent problems that are not conducive to hosting the World Expo. (3 points) ④ Citizens consciously fulfill their obligations to safeguard national honor and interests, and adhere to the principles of unifying rights and obligations, and combining personal interests with national interests. Shanghai citizens identify with, participate in, and serve the Expo, and consciously contribute to the hosting of the Expo. (3 points)

(3) ①The dialectical relationship between the whole and the part requires that the relationship between the global and the local be properly handled. Shanghai's preparations for the World Expo not only focus on the overall situation, make overall plans, but also promote the overall situation by doing a good job in each department, and give full play to the decisive role of the party as a key part. (4 points) ② The people are the creators of history and must adhere to the mass viewpoint and mass line.

Shanghai's hosting of the World Expo fully mobilizes the enthusiasm of the general public and lays a solid mass foundation for the successful hosting of the World Expo. (3 points) ③Social existence determines social consciousness, and social consciousness plays a counterproductive role in social existence. The Shanghai Municipal Government actively promotes spiritual civilization creation activities and creates a good social atmosphere for the World Expo. (3 points) ④Practice is subjective. The preparations for the Shanghai World Expo were carried out in a purposeful and planned manner, demonstrating initiative and creativity in every aspect. (2 points)

5. (1) ① Cultural innovation should be based on social practice, originate from social life, and serve social life. The emblem is based on the world and expresses mankind's pursuit of a beautiful and harmonious life. "Crown of the East" absorbs the essence of Chinese urban architecture and gardens to express the pursuit of life of harmony between man and nature and harmonious life. (2 points)

②Inherit tradition, bring forth new ideas, and inject the spirit of the times into traditional Chinese culture. The emblem takes the shape of the creative calligraphy of the Chinese character "世", expressing the Chinese people's unremitting efforts to carry forward tradition and integrate into the world. The "Crown of the East" fully displays Chinese elements, especially the traditional bracket shape which has been boldly innovated. The cascading and overhanging main shape shows the strength and structural beauty of modern engineering technology, and has obvious Chinese characteristics and the spirit of the times. (2 points)

③ Facing the world, learning from others’ strengths, putting myself first and for my own use, and fully absorbing the beneficial achievements of foreign cultures. The clever combination of "世" and the number "2010" as well as "EXPO" and "SHANGHAI CHINA" written in English show a strong artistic conception of the harmonious integration of Chinese and Western elements and multiculturalism. "Crown of the East" attaches great importance to the use of ecological technology and energy-saving measures, reflecting the common pursuit of people around the world. (2 points)

(2) ① Improve independent innovation capabilities and build an innovative country;

② Accelerate the transformation of economic development mode and promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure; promote the economic growth mode from Change from mainly relying on the consumption of material resources to relying mainly on scientific and technological progress, improvement of labor quality, and management innovation;

③Adhere to the policy of expanding domestic demand, cultivate new consumption hot spots, and promote the development of tourism;

④Adhere to people-oriented, increase employment, and achieve macroeconomic control goals;

⑤Adhere to the basic requirements of comprehensive coordination and sustainability, and comprehensively promote the construction of economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization;

⑥Insist on a better combination of "bringing in" and "going out" to improve the level of open economy.

(Answers to any three of the above six points will get 6 points. Other reasonable answers can also be given points as appropriate.)

(3) ① Do everything Proceed from reality, analyze specific issues concretely, and closely integrate subjectivity and objectivity, theory and practice. (2 points)

②We must look at problems from the perspective of connection and development, adhere to the dialectical view of negation, "take the essence" and "use foreign things for China." (2 points)

③We must adhere to the combination of universality and particularity of contradictions. We must not only absorb the advanced concepts of other countries in urban development and solve global problems, but also highlight the local characteristics of Nanjing. It has the humanistic characteristics of Nanjing. (2 points)