How to write an argumentative essay in high school Chinese?

Argumentative writing in senior high school is a difficult genre, and many students' argumentative writing scores are not high. Therefore, Bian Xiao sorted out the format and skills of argumentative writing in senior high school to help senior high school students improve their argumentative writing ability.

1 high school argumentative writing format: understanding argumentative writing

Three elements of argumentative writing: argument, argument and argumentation

Argument: refers to the author's point of view. Arguments are generally concise, and the whole article is to prove that this view (argument) is correct.

Definition: the author's views and opinions on the issues discussed (events, phenomena, people, ideas, etc.). )

Form: a complete sentence with a clear statement of the subject.

1. Format of argumentative essay: The format of argumentative essay should consist of three parts: argument part; Demonstration part; The conclusion part.

Generally speaking, argumentative writing can be divided into three basic paragraphs: the first paragraph leads to the topic; The second paragraph demonstrates; The third paragraph gives a clear conclusion. The second section is the central section. Candidates should put the main content in the second paragraph, at the same time pay attention to the integrity of the opening and closing paragraphs, and try to echo from beginning to end so as not to be inconsistent.

2. Unification of paragraphs and coherence of texts

1) Unity of paragraphs One of the great characteristics of English paragraphs is that a paragraph only involves a theme (even just a certain aspect of a theme). One sentence in the paragraph points out the theme and expounds the author's views on the theme, while all other sentences are facts, examples and reasoning given for the purpose of expanding the theme, which are closely related to the theme. There should be no irrelevant sentences in the paragraph. This correlation between each sentence and the theme of an English paragraph is called the integrity of the paragraph.

2) Coherence of Discourse The paragraphs of English argumentative essays are mostly straight lines, that is, the paragraphs begin to directly cut into the theme, giving facts, examples, reasoning, etc. This unfolding mode of English argumentative paragraphs is the basis for the formation of discourse coherence. Coherence of a text means that the meanings of sentences in a paragraph are related to each other through some orderly arrangement (such as chronological order, causal order, logical order, etc.). When discussing the theme of this paragraph, every last sentence is based on the previous one. If a sentence in a paragraph is removed, this coherence will be affected, causing difficulties for readers to understand.

3. The topic sentences and their arguments in the central paragraph of the argumentative paper, and the commonly used words and phrases in the argumentative paper.

Topic sentences in the central paragraphs of argumentative essays and their arguments. Whether an argumentative essay can get a high score is not unrelated to the quality of the topic sentence in the central paragraph, and the quality of the topic sentence depends on the quality of the topic and the choice of the argument (that is, whether the selected argument can stand scrutiny in terms of logic, rationality, accuracy and relevance to the topic content).

It needs to be clear that the central paragraph should have only two components: the topic sentence of the paragraph and the arguments supporting the topic sentence. The topic sentence of a paragraph should also be composed of two parts, namely: topic sentence = the author's view or attitude towards the topic, both of which are indispensable.

Suppose candidates are asked to write an argumentative essay about smoking, then smoking is the theme of the central paragraph. Generally speaking, argumentative essays require candidates to clarify their views or attitudes on a certain issue. Therefore, when we get the topic of an argumentative paper, we should carefully examine the topic, weigh the pros and cons of something, and then determine our position.

How to construct the topic sentence of a paragraph? After you get the topic of the argumentative paper, after careful examination, list the examples related to the topic that you can think of.

2 Argumentative writing skills

1. "Angle" should be accurate.

Only when the angle is accurate can a correct argument be established; Only a good angle can make the argument strong.

(1) Proposition Writing Argumentative Paper

The topic is not an argument. Such as "don't do it with small evils" and "it is easier to destroy trees than to plant them".

If the topic is just a topic, the argument needs to be refined by itself. The angle of the "refining" argument is:

(1) unrestricted place.

For example, the topic: it's too small.

The topic is limited to discussing "Xiao", but it does not limit what aspects "Xiao" must discuss. This is the place where we can play.

So you can put forward different arguments from different angles:

"Small" is not small;

Don't be overjoyed;

One stitch in time can save nine stitches.

② Grab modifiers.

For example, the topic: start the thinking machine.

The focus of the topic is on the modifier "thinking". It is clear that the "moving" "machine" is the human brain.

③ Analyze the metaphorical meaning.

For example, the topic: don't refuse the sunshine/create in the turn/let's string together the chain of love/really taste it.

"Sunshine", "turn", "chain" and "taste" all take their figurative meanings.

4 reveal the relationship.

Such as topics: trees, forests, climate.

There is a causal link between the three in the topic, which implies some relations in human social life.

(2) Writing argumentative papers for materials

(1) materials are often ambiguous.

For example, read the following passage carefully and write a comment on the topic of "Reading Eggs" in combination with your own actual situation.

Draw eggs

Leonardo da Vinci loved painting since he was a child. His father sent him to Florence, the famous Italian city at that time, to learn from the famous painter Buddha Rocchio. The teacher didn't teach him what to create first, but let him start by drawing eggs. He painted for more than ten days. Seeing that he was a little impatient, the teacher said to him, don't think it is easy to draw eggs. You know, there are never two eggs in a thousand that are exactly the same shape; Even the same egg has different shapes as long as it is viewed from different angles. For example, if you look up or down, the oval outline of the egg will be different. Therefore, if you want to express it perfectly on drawing paper, you have to work hard. Buddha Rocchio also said: Repeated practice of drawing eggs means strict training in carefully observing images with eyes and accurately depicting images with hands; Keep your hands and eyes in line, and whatever you draw will be handy. Later, Finch devoted himself to sketch, and after a long and arduous artistic practice, he finally created many immortal famous paintings and became a generation of masters.

analyse

Materials have at least the following four meanings: genius comes from diligence; We must lay a good foundation and practice basic skills; Learn to look at the problem comprehensively; A good teacher makes a good apprentice.

(2) The same material can have different understandings.

For example, my idea of writing Lost Street Pavilion.

From Kong Ming's point of view, we can not only extract the views of "enforcing the law like a mountain" and "being strict with ourselves", but also express our feelings around "no matter how clever a person is, he may worry and sometimes lose".