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Where is Pengshui County in Chongqing?
administrative division
Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County governs 28 townships: Hanjia Town, Jiabao Town, Yushan Town, Gaogu Town, Sangzhe Town, Lujiao Town, Huangjia Town, Baozi Town, Longshe Town, Lianhu Town, Wanzu Town, Indigo Town, Yandong Town, Luming Literature Township and Ping 'an.
The development of history
Pengshui county, Suixi. Named after Pengshui. Peng is a drum, and the sound of water surging in Qianjiang Gorge is, hence the name. 1983 changed to Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County.
1998165438+1On October 27th, Zhusha Township People's Government moved from Chen Jiayuan to Datianjiao in Chen Jiayuan Village, * * Township People's Government moved from Tieqiba to Liangfeng Cave in * * Village, and Xinhua Township People's Government moved from Hejiaba to Baihuchang in Jingxi Village (Yufu [198
In 2000, Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County administered Han Shi, Yushan and Gaogu. Suburb, Yandong, Xiayanxi, Wu Wen, Qingdingshui, Flint, Grape, Shelong, Ping 'an, Xiatang, * * * * and, Luming Literature, Reasonable, Daheba, Mangan, Liu Dong, Ziqiao, Qianqiao, Yangtoupu, Long Beach, Feng Ming, Puzi, Sanyi, Tongrong, Sandstone, etc. An Zi. According to the data of the fifth census, the total population of the county is 590228. Among them, there are 43 1 18 people in Hanshan town, 2 1448 people in Yushan town, 0/0543 people in Gaogu town, 0/0543 people in suburban township, 0/1417 people in Yandong. There are 5206 people in Huoshi Township, 4566 people in Putao Township, 4242 people in Longshe Township 14 193, Ping 'an Township 10259, Xiatang Township (52 15) and Luming Literature Township. There are 6 182 people in Nan Mu, 3,366 people in Liu Dong, 9,523 people in Ziqiao, Qianqiao, 84 16 people in Yangtoupu, 0/0733 people in Changtan and 0/0733 people in Feng Ming. Shashi township 1 1628, Tang Di township 109 15, Taiyuan township 1 person, Lianhe township 12605, and Lianhu township 17608. Zouma Township 15669, Qingping Township 1 1837, Lutang Township 7296, Sangzhe Township 15064, Luqing Township 379 1, Tonghe Township 864, Xiaochang Township 6878, etc. Xintian Township 1 1240, Xinchang Township 80 16, Lujiao Township 493 1, da yuan xiang 689 1, Anzi Township 98 1 1, Xinhua Township 5038. Shang Yan Xixiang 10739, Dachang 266 1 person, Hou Li 3497, langxi 741person, Longtangba 7478, Daya 55 16, Runxi 6922 and Yang Long 5922.
On July 2, 20001year, Yufu [200 1]129 approved Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County to adjust 64 townships to 39 townships, of which 43 townships were abolished, 2/kloc-0 townships were retained and 10 was re-established. After the adjustment, the average township area increased from 6 1 km2 before the adjustment to100.13km2, and the average township population increased from 9663 to 15857:
1. Cancel the towns of Hanjia, Gaogu and Yushan and their suburbs, Xiayanxi, Flint, Wu Wen, Indigo, * * * and Xiatang, Reasonable, Luming Literature, Grape, Dragon Shooting, Sandstone, Tongrong, Puzi, Cinnabar, Liu Dong, Ziqiao, Xinchang, Xintian and Lujing.
2. Tang Di, Xiaochang, Meiziya, Shipan, Wanzu, Shuanglong, Daya, Liu Shi, Sanyi, Ping 'an, Zouma, Lutang, Longxi, Shan 'an, langxi, Longtang, Lianhe, Qianqiao, Taiyuan, Tongluo and Yandong will be retained.
Three. Re-establish 65,438+00 towns and 8 townships.
(1) Hanjia Town: Hanjia, where the town people's government is located, governs the former Hanjia Town and its suburbs, Xiatang and Xiayanxi townships, with an area of 225.6 1 km2, a total population of 7 14 12, including non-agricultural population.
(2) Gaogu Town: The Town People's Government is located in Gaoguchang, which governs the former Gaogu Town and * * Township, with an area of 106.49 square kilometers and a total population of 16700, including 5444 non-agricultural people, and governs 15 village committees and 3 neighborhood committees.
(3) Yushan Town: The town people's government is located in Yushan Town, which governs the former administrative areas of Yushan Town and Zhusha Township, with an area of 140.79 square kilometers and a total population of 36,800, including non-agricultural population of13,836, and governs 32 village committees.
(4) Jiabao Town: The town people's government is located in Jiabao Building, which governs the administrative areas of Yuanmu South, Yangtoupu, Qingping and Daheba Township, with an area of 164.42 square kilometers and a total population of 38,958, including non-agricultural population 14 102, and governs 4/kloc-.
(5) Huangjia Town: The town people's government is located in Huangjiaba, which governs the original township administrative areas such as Yanxi, Hou Li and Dachang, with an area of 1 15.62 square kilometers and a total population of16,775, including 5,754 non-agricultural people, and governs 24 village committees and 3 neighborhood committees.
(6) Lujiao Town: The town people's government is located in Lujiatuo, which governs the administrative areas of da yuan xiang and Lujiao Township, with an area of 1 12.49 square kilometers and a total population of 1 1684, including 3,797 non-agricultural people, and governs 12 village committees.
(7) Sangzhe Town: The town people's government is located in Sangtuoping, and governs the administrative areas of Yuanlujing, Tonghe and Sangtuo townships, with an area of 192.65 square kilometers and a total population of 276 15, including 8,588 non-agricultural people, and 22 village committees and 4 neighborhood committees.
(8) Baozi Town: The people's government of the town is stationed in Baoziba, which governs the former administrative areas of Shashi, Tongrong and Baozi townships, with an area of 184.74 square kilometers and a total population of 28,209, including 9,083 non-agricultural people, and governs 24 village committees and 4 neighborhood committees.
(9) Longshe Town: The town people's government is located in Zhangjiaba, which governs the administrative areas of Longshe Township and Putao Township, with an area of 16 1. 16 square kilometers and a total population of 2 1685, including 6,505 non-agricultural people, and governs/kloc-0.
(10) Lianhu Town: The people's government of the town is located in Lediba, which governs the administrative area of Lianhu Town, with an area of 7 1. 13 square kilometers and a total population of19,200, including 5,760 non-agricultural people, and governs1kloc.
(1 1) Indishui Town: The township people's government is located in Indiba, which governs the original township administrative areas such as Indishui, Flint and Wu Wen, with an area of 17 1.7 square kilometers, a total population of 23,247 and 28 village committees.
(12) Luming Literature Township: Niugoupu, where the Township People's Government is located, governs the former Luming Literature Township and Reasonable Township, with an area of 132. 1 square kilometer, a total population of 1743 1 person, and village committees of 19.
(13) ziqiao township: the township people's government is located in the center of the river, which governs the administrative areas of ziqiao township and Liu Dong township, with an area of 96. 19 square kilometers and a total population of 13722, and governs 19 village committees.
(14) Xintian Township: The Township People's Government is stationed in Toudangba, which governs the former administrative areas of Xintian Township and Xinchang Township, with an area of 127.68 square kilometers and a total population of 20,876, and governs 25 village committees.
(15) anzitou township: the township people's government is located in anzitou, which has jurisdiction over the former anzitou township and Xinhua township, with an area of 124.08 square kilometers and a total population of 15075, and governs 18 village committees.
(16) Runxi Township: The Township People's Government is located in Ganxichang, which governs the administrative areas of Runxi Township and Yang Long Township, with an area of 108.72 square kilometers and a total population of 12749, and governs 16 village committees.
(17) Changtan Township: Mayoukou, where the township people's government is located, governs the former administrative areas of Changtan Township and Feng Ming Township, with an area of 10 1.93 square kilometers, a total population of 2 1566, and governs 2 1 village committees.
(18) Zhufo Township: The Township People's Government is located in Zhufo Gang, which governs the original administrative areas of Zhufo Township and Jiazhen Township, with an area of 1 19.85 square kilometers and a total population of14,362, and governs 16 village committees.
On July 5, 2002, the resident of Zhufo Township Government was moved from Zhufo Gang to Shuanghechang (Yufu [2002] 103).
In 2002, Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous Prefecture administered 10 towns, 29 townships, 12 neighborhood committees and 622 village committees. At the end of the year, the total registered population was 6.27110,000, of which 56,400 were non-agricultural.
In 2006, Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County governed 65,438+00 towns and 29 townships: Hanjia Town, Jiabao Town, Yushan Town, Gaogu Town, Sangzhe Town, Lujiao Town, Huangjia Town, Baozi Town, Longshe Town, Lianhu Town, Indigo Town, Yandong Town, Luming Literature Town, Ping 'an Town and Tang Di Town.
/10 2007 On June 29th, 2007, the Reply of Chongqing Municipal People's Government on Revoking the Establishment of Wanzu Town in Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County (Yufu [2007] 163) agreed to cancel Wanzu Town and establish Wanzu Town. After the establishment of the town, its administrative area and government residence remain unchanged.
Demographic situation
By the end of 200 1 year, there were 17550 households with 620,000 people in the county, including 567,000 agricultural residents and 49,500 county residents. The social employment population is 390,000, including 329,000 in the primary industry, 2 1 10,000 in the secondary industry and 40,000 in the tertiary industry. There are Miao, Tujia, Mongolian, Hui, Gelao, Dong, Tibetan, Yi, Hani, Zhuang, Manchu 1 1 ethnic minorities. In 200 1 year, the population of ethnic minorities accounted for 59.5% of the total population of the county, including more than 270,000 Miao people and 90,000 Tujia people. Qi Xin, an ethnic group, has made concerted efforts to develop its economy and strive for the development of its hometown.
History and culture
Pengshui has a long history. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the oldest "Qianzhong Culture" in Bashu was born here. In the first year of Han Jianyuan (BC 140), Fuling County was located in today's Yushan Town, and Feixian County in Guizhou was located in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. In the 13th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 593), Pengshui County was established. Guizhou Middle Road was located here in the Tang Dynasty, and Guizhou was also located here. Pengshui became the political, military, economic and cultural center at the junction of Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan and Hubei, and was the stronghold of the central government to imprison about 300,000 square kilometers of ethnic minorities in the central part of the southwest border, which lasted until the end of the Southern Song Dynasty. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the Central Plains was in chaos, and Guizhou was immune to it, and its social economy developed side by side. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Miao people were repeatedly driven to develop industry, resulting in a sharp decline in population, barren land and economic depression. The Qing government recruited people to reclaim wasteland and let them return to recuperate, so that the economy was restored and developed. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, "boats and boats came and went, commerce flourished, department stores gathered, and salt, tea, oil, paint and hemp were shipped to all parts of the country, making" the wealth of Pengshui belong to you ". During the Republic of China, soldiers and bandits were frequent, and the people were hungry and cold. 1949 165438+1October16 Pengshui was liberated. Since then, the people have become masters of their own affairs, and all industries have prospered.
topography
Pengshui terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, which belongs to low-middle mountain terrain and has structural erosion. The landform types are complex, and "two mountains and one trough" is the main feature of Pengshui landform. Topography is controlled by NNE structure, and the main mountains extend in NNE with obvious bedding. Valleys, slopes, karst depressions and small mountain basins are intertwined, and reverse landforms coexist. Among all kinds of landforms, hilly valley area accounts for 13.39%, low mountain area accounts for 52.88%, and Zhongshan area accounts for 34.03%.
geology
Pengshui geological structure belongs to Xinhua structural system, which is located on the slope from Hubei-Guizhou Wulong belt to Sichuan Zhongtai Depression. The Ningzhen movement of Yanshan cycle from late Jurassic to late Cretaceous was dominated by horizontal compression, which formed large NNE folds such as Laochangping anticline, Baozi syncline, Yushan anticline, Sangzheping syncline and Shaojitan anticline, and associated faults such as Shaojitan and Qiliangzichong fault. During the Himalayan Movement that began in Tertiary, the county boundaries generally rose intermittently and unevenly, forming Yushan-Mawu (Shizhu County Boundary), Taiyuan, Tang Di, Sanchaxi, Zhufo, Tongluo, Dayuan, Longtang, Pinzilu Normal Fault, Huoshiya, Yang Long, Daya, Shipan Overthrust Fault and Shaojitan Thrust Fault. The exposed strata mainly include Proterozoic Sinian, Paleozoic Cambrian, Paleozoic Ordovician, Paleozoic Silurian, Paleozoic Devonian, Paleozoic Permian, Mesozoic Triassic, Mesozoic Jurassic and Cenozoic Quaternary.
Climatic characteristics
Pengshui belongs to the subtropical temperate monsoon climate zone, with an annual average temperature of 17.50℃, annual average rainfall of104.20mm, annual average evaporation of 950.40mm, annual average pressure of 978.60 hectopascals and frost-free period of 3 1 1 day. The general climate features are: mild climate, abundant and concentrated rainfall, more light and partly cloudy, more rainy nights in spring, more hot and dry summers, cooler and rainy autumn, and less frost and snow in winter. The frost-free period is long and has typical monsoon climate characteristics. There are frequent cold air activities in early spring, and there are often strong winds and hail in the local area; It often rains in early summer; There are many droughts in midsummer and often hot in summer; It is rainy in autumn; There is little snow and no severe cold in winter, and the average daily temperature is above 0℃.
Another feature of Pengshui climate is the large three-dimensional difference: the average temperature drops by 0.46-0.55℃ for every elevation increase of 100 m; The annual accumulated temperature drops by about 200℃. The frost-free period of the whole year has been reduced from 365,438+02 days in the Yangtze River valley to 235 days in Zhongshan District. The annual sunshine hours blocked by ridges and clouds are about a quarter less than those of flat dams.
Education business
There are 430 schools of all levels and types in the county, including 33 middle schools (3 complete middle schools), 65 central schools (28 central schools with junior high school teaching points), 7 complete primary schools, village schools 158, teaching points 165, vocational education centers and special education schools 1.
There are 5,580 teaching and administrative staff in the county, including ordinary high schools and vocational high schools 183, vocational education centers (60), junior high schools 1580 and primary schools (3,757). There are 3,826 full-time teachers in public primary and secondary schools, including 2,580 full-time teachers in primary schools, 2,368 full-time teachers with academic qualifications, with an academic qualification rate of 9 1.8% and full-time teachers in middle schools 1.246, with an academic qualification rate of 82.9%.
There are 95,798 students in the county, including 3,246 ordinary high schools and vocational high schools, 24,290 junior high schools and 68,262 primary schools.
200 1 1 1 24, the work of "two basics" and "popularizing law" in Pengshui County passed the acceptance of Chongqing Municipal People's Government. In 200 1 year, the enrollment rate of normal school-age children aged 7- 12 reached 99.2% (including 98.9% girls), and the enrollment rate of normal school-age adolescents aged15 reached 95. 1% (the gross enrollment rate was/kloc.
The conditions for running primary and secondary schools in the county have been fundamentally improved. Since 1992, the county * * has invested1.1.72.5 million yuan in school building construction, * * eliminated dangerous buildings in primary and secondary schools 1.64 million square meters, purchased 253,000 square meters of new school buildings and maintained 4 1.30 square meters of school buildings. The newly-built fence is 40,300 meters, the newly-built bulwark is 60,900 cubic meters, the newly-built school gate is 7 1, the newly-built toilet is 198, and the campus area is 82 1 10,000 square meters. The primary and secondary schools in the county cover an area of 1.2076 million square meters, with an average area of 1.95 square meters for junior high schools and 1.65 square meters for primary schools. Primary and secondary school buildings * * * 479,400 square meters, with an average of 6.99 square meters for junior high schools and 4.53 square meters for primary schools; The housing conditions of primary and secondary school teachers have been greatly improved. The per capita living area of middle school teachers is 16.4 square meters, and that of primary school teachers is 16.3 square meters. Primary and secondary school teaching rooms, living rooms, office rooms and other functional rooms are basically fully equipped, with walls, toilets, school gates, water and electricity facilities, and the school has no dangerous buildings.
natural resource
Pengshui has excellent environment, rich resources and outstanding people. The county has 92,000 hectares of arable land, 4,400 hectares of water, 3 1200 hectares of grassland and 0/88,000 hectares of forestry land. The forest coverage rate is 27.3%, and the standing stock is more than 2.42 million cubic meters. There are 20 rivers flowing all the year round, with a catchment area of more than 50 square kilometers and a flow length of 359.70 kilometers. The county's total water resources are 4865438+48 million cubic meters; There are abundant hydropower resources, with theoretical reserves of10.703 million kwh. Except Wujiang River, the exploitable capacity is 44 1 10,000 kWh. Wild animals 103 species, fish 69 species, livestock 13 species. There are coal, fluorite, barite, marble, high calcium limestone, salt, iron, potassium, copper and some rare metals, of which the total coal reserves are 260 million tons.
tourist resources
Pengshui is rich in tourism resources. The long historical and cultural accumulation has left a rich and colorful cultural landscape for more than 80 researchers to watch, and most of them are concentrated in Hanshan and Yushan towns. Green mountains, green waters and abundant animal and plant resources have created a complete natural landscape, and its scenic spots are mostly concentrated on the banks of Wujiang River, Yujiang River and Furong River. Landscape and human landscape set each other off and become interesting, which is of great development value. The tourist attractions that have been developed are: Miao Village in An Zi, Ayi River.
Pengshui County is a county rich in tourism resources. There are 798 individual resources, including six types of tourism resources. According to the distribution of basic types, there are 43 species in Pengshui County, some of which have high flavor. For example, the "Wujiang Gallery" and the Shenlong Canyon are fantastic, magnificent, heroic and strange; The quietness, quietness, antiquity and sparseness of Furong River and Zhuzixi; Maoyun Mountain has four distinct seasons and different scenery. The touching legend of Longmen Gorge; Miao folk customs and numerous cultural landscapes. However, due to the backward infrastructure construction in our county, the low level of roads leading to scenic spots (spots), the coverage of mobile phones and fixed phones can not meet the requirements and other reasons. It is difficult to develop scenic spots and attract investment. At the same time, due to the financial shortage of the county, the funds invested in tourism are seriously insufficient, and the publicity and market development of scenic spots are not enough. At present, Pengshui County receives more than 40,000 tourists every year, with a tourism income of more than 7 million yuan.
Pengshui County will make great efforts to build Maoyun Mountain National Forest Park, Shenlong Canyon, Wujiang Gallery, Jiabao Sightseeing Agricultural Park, Yudu Lake Yujiang River Drifting and other fine products, and jointly develop Zhuzixi Scenic Area with Wulong County. In the direction of development, a comprehensive tourist area with short-term leisure vacation as the main part and participation in characteristic life as the supplement will eventually form a "four-in-one" tourist activity area with canyon scenery, leisure vacation, water entertainment and folk custom participation, and basically form an overall tourism pattern of "one point, three lines and four districts" in spatial pattern.
That is to say, Pengshui County Tourist Center will be used to comprehensively improve the tourist reception facilities in the county, and relying on the rich humanistic tourism resources in the county, it will be built into a multifunctional tourist center town integrating tourism services, shopping, sightseeing, entertainment, scientific research and revolutionary education.
National Highway 3 19, Wujiang Route and Pengshui to Maoyun Mountain are the main tourist routes.
Finally, Hanjia Leisure and Entertainment Zone, Maoyun Mountain Green Resort "Wujiang Gallery" Roaming Zone, Shenlong Canyon Adventure and Tourism Zone and Jiabao Ecological Sightseeing and Leisure Zone were formed.
Special snack
1, Pengshui buckwheat bean curd has a long history. Nowadays, in Pengshui County, bean noodle restaurants are all over the streets, and the business is booming. Features: dip it in while it is hot, it is delicious and smooth, and its appetite is wide open. Methods: 1, "buckwheat noodles" is to grind high-quality buckwheat seeds into fine powder, without adding any other ingredients, and keep the original flavor of buckwheat seeds. The finished noodles are thicker and longer than ordinary noodles. 2. "Tofu pudding" is made by grinding soybeans into acid water and then cooking them with soybean milk, which is characterized by tenderness and softness. 3. "Seasoning" includes pickled sea pepper, monosodium glutamate, salt, pepper, ginger foam, garlic water and chopped green onion. 4. When eating, put the cooked bean curd brain in a bowl and cover it with the cooked buckwheat noodles. Mix the seasoning with a small dish. Use chopsticks to put buckwheat noodles and tofu pudding into a small dish and dip it in seasoning.
2. Paper is one of the most distinctive snacks in Pengshui. In the past, a special fern was used as raw material (now it was changed to sweet potato), which was ground into fine flour, mixed with water to make paste, then baked into pieces in a hot pot, rolled into round strips, cut into rolls, steamed and mixed with seasoning, and became a famous snack in Pengshui-paper!
3. Heart-lung rice noodle is a big flavor snack in Pengshui. Heart-lung rice noodles are gorgeous in color, red and bright in color, tender and delicious, soft and waxy, spicy and delicious, and tender and slag-dropping. This snack is rich in flavor, fresh, smooth and refreshing, rich in nutrition and low in price. It's a popular breakfast in Pengshui.
4. Potato flower is a special tool for processing potatoes into flowers. After frying, seasoning is added, which has a unique taste and is a favorite snack for delicious people.
5. Tangyuan is made of high quality glutinous rice flour. Tangyuan stuffing is a mixture of all kinds of sweet and delicious food. The color is smooth and white, the skin is soft and waxy, sweet and delicious, and rich in nutrition. It is one of Pengshui's special snacks.
202 1, 1, in 2020, the ranking of influential counties in rural revitalization communication was released, and Pengshui County ranked 2 15.
In June 2020 165438+ 10, the list of the top 100 counties and cities with comprehensive competitiveness of county tourism in 2020 was published, and Pengshui County was on the list.
In May 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission announced the demonstration list of new urbanization construction in county towns, and Pengshui County was on the list.
In April 2020, Pengshui County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 19.
In 2020, 20 19, Chongqing's GDP ranking was released, and Pengshui County ranked 32nd with 22.228 billion yuan.
In August of 20 19, the list of comprehensive demonstration counties of rural e-commerce in 20 19 was released, and Pengshui County was on the list.
From 2065438 to March 2009, Pengshui County was included in the list of the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization counties (Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou regions).
20 18 12 Pengshui County was named by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission as the sixth batch of national demonstration zones for national unity and progress.
20 17, 10 In June, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development named Pengshui County as the National Garden County in 20 17.
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