The ancients had a bright spot in fighting the epidemic: the Tang Dynasty collectively buried the prescriptions prescribed by the Ming Dynasty.

Plague has attacked mankind since ancient times. Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed from Yin Ruins in Anyang, Henan Province, has written records such as "epidemic disease" and "disease year". The most ancient plagues were recorded in the Han Dynasty, and the "poison words" that broke out in the Eastern Han Dynasty was a skin infectious disease spread by saliva in the tropical areas of the Han Dynasty. Wang Chong in the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote about the plague in On Balance and Poison: "In the land of the sun, the people are in a hurry, and those who are in a hurry are also poisonous." There is also legislation to prevent and control "poisonous words" in the bamboo slips of Qin tomb in Shuihudi. Those who have a clear record of "poisonous words" should take the initiative to cut off contact with them, do not eat with patients, and do not use the same utensils. This is the earliest known legal text and common sense of plague prevention and control in China. In the face of the plague, Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical sage" in the Eastern Han Dynasty, wrote in the book Synopsis of the Golden Chamber? The twenty-fourth volume of "Taboo and Treatment of Livestock, Fish and Insects" also notes: "Those who are like vermicelli in meat are inedible. Six animals from death, all epidemic death, is toxic, can't eat ... "

In the summer of the second year of Yuan Dynasty, Emperor Ping of the Western Han Dynasty, "there was a great drought in counties and there were many locust plagues". At that time, the epidemic was serious and there were many patients. Emperor Ping issued a letter: "Those who suffer from diseases and epidemics should leave home to buy medicine." During the Western Han Dynasty, it was an effective measure to set aside some houses as isolated areas, concentrate on treating patients, cut off the source of plague infection and prevent the spread of the epidemic. In fact, plague isolation has been brought into the legal track in the Qin Dynasty, and the inheritance of the Han Dynasty gave full play to this epidemic prevention measure.

When the plague was prevalent, the central and local officials in the Han Dynasty also used medical means to resist the epidemic. For example, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ma Yuan crossed his toes when he went out, and there was a plague in the army. Military doctors found that job's tears could prevent miasma to some extent and let soldiers eat them. * * * In the Han Dynasty, when the epidemic appeared, it also sent a doctor too much to the place to diagnose the disease for the people and give medicine to the sick people. For example, in March of the fourth year of Jianning, the person who was shot did a tour doctor. In the fourteenth year of Jianwu's epidemic, Zhifuzhong personally helped the medicine: "All ministries helped." The ancients also gave full play to the role of wells as an important drinking water source at that time, adding fences and covers to wells, and directly putting drugs into wells when necessary for everyone to drink, so as to treat and prevent the spread of plague.

& lt！ -Advertising space: picture-in-picture on the article page-> When a serious plague occurred, a large number of people died in ancient times. If the dead are not buried in time, the spread of the epidemic will intensify. In the second year of Emperor Ping, * * * paid for the burial expenses of those who died in the epidemic and buried the dead in time, which not only reduced the spread of the epidemic, but also comforted the living and helped them out of the predicament. With the accumulation of ancient people's experience in fighting the plague, the ancients' prevention of the plague has become more and more scientific. For example, Ge Hong wrote in "Elbow Emergency"? Treating miasma and epidemic disease: "One family has medicine, one hospital has no disease, and those who have cholera eat more." This directly tells people to pay attention to the living environment and food hygiene. Dust removal in the twelfth lunar month, drinking realgar wine on the Dragon Boat Festival, hanging mugwort leaves and other customs handed down from ancient times are mainly for sterilization and bacteriostasis.

In the Tang and Ming dynasties, its anti-epidemic has bright spots. For example, in Li Ang and Tang Wenzong, "the murderer has the door to the burial of the dead", so as to reduce the spread of public and prevent the recurrence of infectious diseases. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, a "small drink for relieving the epidemic" was created to give medicine to the people, and at the same time there were other means such as "prescribing drugs". The Song Dynasty did the best in treating epidemic diseases, and also produced the famous Chinese medicine classics Sheng Huifang and Ji Jianfang, some of which are still used by modern Chinese medicine.

Of course, the effectiveness of ancient anti-epidemic and disaster relief was limited by factors such as science and technology, the development level of social productive forces, and national financial resources. In ancient times, the epidemic also gave birth to many prayer ceremonies such as praying for God to save disasters, and the development of ancient witchcraft beliefs. In the face of plague, no matter in ancient times or in modern times, human beings are actively making various efforts to control, reduce and alleviate the epidemic of plague.

Editor in Charge: Guo Wei

& lt！ -page turn key begin-& gt；;