How to make a bookmark? Simple and beautiful

1. How to make leaf vein bookmarks

How to make beautiful and simple bookmarks? If you want to make handmade bookmarks, you can choose leaf vein bookmarks. Leaf vein bookmarks are made by selecting leaves with beautiful leaf shapes, chemically treating them to remove the mesophyll parts, leaving intact leaf veins, and dyeing them.

Preparation method:

1. Select the leaves. Choose leaves with thick, dense veins. Generally, evergreen woody plants are preferred. Such as osmanthus leaves, heather leaves, papaya leaves, eucalyptus leaves, tea leaves, etc. Select leaves in late summer or autumn when the leaves are fully mature and begin to age.

2. Boil the leaves with lye. Alkali solution configuration: Calculated based on 1 liter of water, 70 grams of sodium carbonate (sodium soda) and 50 grams of sodium hydroxide (the above two are available in pharmaceutical and chemical stores). Lime water can also be used instead of lye in an enamel cup or casserole. After boiling the prepared lye solution, add an appropriate amount of washed leaves, bring to a boil, and gently stir the leaves with chopsticks to prevent the leaves from overlapping and allow them to be heated evenly. Boil for about 5 minutes. When the leaves turn black, pick out a leaf and put it into a plastic basin filled with clean water. Check whether the mesophyll is corroded or easy to peel off. If it is easy to separate, take out all the leaves, put them in a plastic basin filled with clean water, and then separate the mesophyll and leaf veins piece by piece.

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3. Remove the mesophylls. Place the boiled leaves on the palm of your hand or on a glass plate, and gently rub the smooth part of the handle of an old toothbrush on the leaf surface. The corroded leaf flesh can be wiped off, then rinse it under the faucet and continue rubbing until Remove all leaf flesh.

4. Bleaching leaf veins. Bleaching the cleaned leaf veins in a bleaching powder solution, take them out, rinse them with clean water and clamp them in old books and newspapers. After absorbing the water, take them out and you can use them as leaf vein bookmarks.

5. Dyeing, drawing, and writing. Use red or blue ink or other dyes to dye it in your favorite color. You can also draw or write on it, and finally tie it with silk thread.

2. How to make pasted bookmarks

The method of making handmade bookmarks is actually very simple. First, you need to prepare the following materials: 1. Flowers such as peach blossoms and winter jasmine, or butterflies, moths, etc. Small animals; 2. Scotch tape, tweezers, ribbons, cardboard, and old newspapers.

Preparation method: Use tweezers to carefully tear off the petals, stamens or butterfly wings and antennae, place them on cardboard, arrange the position according to your own design, and stretch the petals or wings. Fix them on the paper with transparent tape, then cover it with several layers of old newspapers, add glass, and dehydrate and press dry. After the water dries, cut the cardboard into any shape you like, such as heart, triangle or fan, and finally tie it with a ribbon to create a beautiful sticky bookmark.

3. How to make photo-printed bookmarks

Material preparation: ginkgo leaves, metasequoia branches, cluster plants or small animals such as beetles and locusts; photo printing paper, developer, fixer Liquid, transparent tape, ribbon, transparent glue.

How to make it: Take a piece of transparent film and cut it into a rectangle slightly longer than the bookmark. The pressed and dried plant leaves and branches are trimmed and arranged on the film, and then fixed with thin strips of transparent tape. For moths and butterflies, only take their wings and glue them together with tape. For small animals such as locusts, it is best to use a syringe to remove the internal organs and then fix them on film.

In a darkroom (with the red light on), cut No. 2 or No. 3 photo paper of the same size as the film, place the film with the specimen on the photo paper, and use a piece of clean glass on top and bottom. Press the piece tightly. Carefully expose to light for about 10 seconds (the time will be shortened depending on the light intensity), immediately turn off the light and put the printing paper into the developer. After a clear image appears on the photo paper, put it in the fixer for 10 minutes. Then rinse it with water, dry it, trim the edges, and finally color it with transparent watercolors and tie it with a ribbon to make a bookmark with images of animals and plants.

4. Portrait film bookmarks

Material preparation: a pot of geraniums, portrait film, alcohol, iodine, black paper, and ribbons.

Preparation method: Place the geranium in a dark place and keep it away from light day and night.

On the third day, take out the flowerpot and place the negative of the portrait on the front of a complete geranium leaf. Support the back with a piece of black cardboard and clamp the four corners with clips so that the negative is close to the leaf. Then move the geranium to the sun, let the piece with the negative film between it face the sun for two hours, and then cut off the leaf with the negative film from the petiole.

Remove the negative film and black paper from the leaves, soak the leaves in alcohol and boil them. Because the chlorophyll in the leaves is dissolved by alcohol, the leaves turn yellow-white. Then take out the leaves, wash them with water, and then add drops of diluted iodine on the leaves. Because the unevenly distributed starch on the leaves undergoes chemical changes when exposed to iodine, the leaves show different shades of colors, so that portraits are printed on the leaves. Finally, color it and tie it with ribbons, and it becomes a wonderful portrait leaf bookmark.