Summary of the three knowledge points required for the first year of high school Chinese

After entering high school, the study life in junior high school is completely over. Since the study life in junior high school is completely over, the study lifestyle in junior high school must also be completely changed. Below are the three knowledge points that I have brought to you in the compulsory Chinese language course for the first year of high school. I hope it can help you!

Summary of the three compulsory knowledge points of the Chinese language for the first year of high school 1

1. Tongjiazi

1. 輮 is like a wheel, and its tune is regular ("輮" means "煣", roasting it with fire makes the wood bend, making... bend)

2. Know clearly and act without fault ("knowledge" connects to "wisdom", wisdom)

3. A gentleman's birth is not different ("sheng" connects to "nature", qualifications and endowments)

4. Those who are violent but no longer strong ("you" refers to "you"; "violate" refers to "exposure", sun)

2. Differences in ancient and modern meanings

1. The ancient meaning of erudition: to study extensively, to study extensively. Example: A gentleman is knowledgeable and considers himself every day.

Today’s meaning: profound knowledge and scholarship.

2. The ancient meaning of reference: test, check. Example: A gentleman is knowledgeable and considers himself every day.

Jin Yi: Participate, refer to.

3. The ancient meaning of disease: strong. Example: The sound is not accelerated (here it means the sound is loud); the strong wind knows the strong grass.

Today’s meaning: disease, fast.

4. False ancient meaning: rely on, use. Example: Those who pretend to be horses.

Today’s meaning: opposite to “truth”.

5. Jin Guyi: a metal sword. Example: If gold is sharpened, it will be beneficial.

Today’s meaning: gold and silver.

6. The ancient meaning of claws: claws and teeth. Example: Earthworms have no claws or claws.

Jin Yi: The villain’s accomplice and accomplice.

7. The ancient meaning of yongxin: ideological activities. For example: Be careful.

Today’s meaning: study hard or be willing to use your brain on something.

8. Use the ancient meaning: because; the modern meaning: use. For example: "Yongxinyiye"

9. The ancient meaning of kneeling is: feet or legs; the modern meaning is: kneeling down. For example: Crab six kneels with two claws

10. The ancient meaning of sustenance: to house oneself, to support one's body; today's meaning: to place feelings, ideals, hopes, etc. on someone or something. For example: There is no one who can rely on anything other than a snake eel's cave.

3. Inflection of Parts of Speech

(1) Inflection of Nouns

1. Nouns as adverbials

①A gentleman is knowledgeable and reflective. Huji (日: 名作词, every day)

② Eat earth and drink the earth below (upper, lower: 译文, up, down)

2. Noun Zu Verb

Those who pretend to be in boats must not be able to use water (water: a noun used as a verb, swimming)

(2) Flexible uses of verbs

The wooden straight rope , 輮thinks of a wheel (輼: the use of verbs as verbs, to bend...)

(3) Conjugated uses of adjectives

1. Adjectives as nouns

①The song is in the standard (qu: the name of the form, curvature, radian)

②When climbing high and moving, the arms are not lengthened (gao: the name of the form, high place)

2. The adjective is used as a verb

Therefore, if the tree receives the rope, it will be straight (zhi: the adjective is used as the verb, to become straight)

3. The causative action of the adjective

False opinion A horse is not a profit-making person (profit: the use of adjectives as verbs, to make... fast, to go fast)

(4) Numerals are used as adjectives (one theory is that numerals are used as verbs)

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Yongxinyiye (一, numerals as adjectives, single-minded)

4. One word has multiple meanings (combine to complete exercise 2)

1. Jue

①Suddenly he touched his feet, and the group made a perfect sound ("Float Skills") (stop)

②Ziyun's ancestors escaped from the chaos of the Qin Dynasty and led his wife to come to this desperate situation ("Peach Blossom Spring") ) (Isolated)

③Thought it was wonderful ("Float Skills") (Extreme)

④Buddha's seal is incomparable to Maitreya ("The Story of Nuclear Boat") (Extraordinary)

⑤ A fake boat can not swim, but can cross a river ("Encouraging Learning") (crossing)

⑥Chu Cheng can conquer Qi, and Qin is willing to offer the land of 600 miles to the merchants ( "The Biography of Qu Yuan") (discontinued)

2. Strong

①The bow should be used to draw the strong, and the arrow should be used long (Du Fu's "Qian Chu Si") (Powerful Bow)

②The earthworm has no claws and teeth, but the muscles and bones are strong ("Encouragement to Learning") (strong, strong)

③Twelve turns of Ce Xun, reward hundreds and thousands of strong men ("Mulan Poetry" ) (more than enough, slightly more)

④It is self-improvement, three or four miles a day ("Touching the Dragon on the Empress Dowager Zhao") (qiǎng, reluctantly)

⑤In this way, Jing and Wu will The force is strong, and the tripod is formed ("Battle of Chibi") (Strong)

3. False

① So many people use books as false information ("Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang") 》) (borrow, borrow)

②A gentleman is not different from others, he is good at pretending to things ("Encouraging Learning") (with help, utilizing)

③It is the wolf in front of me who pretends to sleep. , to lure the enemy ("Wolf") (pretend)

④ If someone tries to repeat my words to me, he will be suspicious of his deception (if, if)

4 .Looking

①I have tried to stoop and look, but it is not as good as climbing high to gain insights ("Encouragement to Learning") (looking from a distance)

②Watching the arrival of the general day and night, how dare I do the opposite ( "Hongmen Banquet") (hope, hope)

③Xian Dadelong Wangzun ("Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang") (prestige)

④I still remember that Duke Zhou was arrested, In the third month of Dingmao ("Tombstone Story of Five People") (the 15th day of the lunar calendar)

5. Smell

① When you shout along the wind, the sound is not accelerated, but heard Zhe Zhang ("Encouraging Learning") (hearing)

② Bo Wen Qiang Zhi ("The Biography of Qu Yuan") (seen, heard, and experienced)

③When he first heard it, his clothes were filled with tears ("Wen" The officers collected Henan and Hebei") (heard)

④ Those who can slander and ridicule the city and court, and hear the ears of the few ("Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi to accept remonstrance") (makes superiors hear)

⑤The unknown person in Kuang Caoye ("Tombstones of Five People") (prestige, reputation)

⑥He was known to the princes for his courage ("The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru") (famous, famous) <

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⑦ Smell the fragrance even more after sweeping ("Feelings of the fallen flowers of Zhang Xiucai") (smell with the nose)

5. Special sentence patterns (fixed format)

(1) Judgmental Sentences

①Although there is violence, those who can no longer stand up are just like that (Judgmental Sentences, "..." means "judgment")

②Yongxinyiye (judgment sentence, "...ye" means judgment)

③Yongxinyiye (judgement sentence, "...ye" means judgment)

(2) Inverted sentence

1. Prepositional structure postpositional sentence (adverbial postpositional sentence)

①Green, taken from blue, and green from blue; ice, water, and Colder than water.

②A gentleman is knowledgeable and considers himself every day

2. Attributive postposition

An earthworm does not have the power of claws and teeth, nor the strength of muscles and bones.

(3) Passive Sentences

If you persevere, gold and stone can be carved (carved)

(4) Omitted Sentences

① 輮为(It, provincial pronoun, it) is a wheel

② Crab (provincial predicate "you") kneels six times and has two claws

(5) Fixed usage

No way: There is no way to...

Example: Therefore, if you don’t accumulate steps, you can’t reach a thousand miles; if you don’t accumulate small streams, you can’t reach a river or sea. ,

Summary of the three compulsory knowledge points of Chinese language for the first year of high school 2

1. The road to Shu is difficult (Li Bai)

Oh, the road to Shu is so dangerous! The road to Shu is so dangerous! How difficult it is to reach the blue sky! Silkworm bushes and fishtails, how confused the founding of the country is! You are forty-eight thousand years old, and you are not inhabited by Qin Sai. There is a bird path in Taibai, Xidang, which can cross the top of Emei. The earth collapsed and the mountains destroyed the strong men to death, and then the ladders and stone stacks were connected to each other. There is a high mark of six dragons returning to the sun on the top, and a rushing wave and turning back to Sichuan below. The yellow crane cannot fly past, and the ape clings to it to overcome its sorrow. There are piles of green mud, and there are nine twists and turns in a hundred steps, lingering on the rocks. Mon went to the Lijing Well and raised his head and sighed, resting his head on his head with his hands, he sat down and sighed.

I asked you when will you return to the westward journey? I am afraid that the journey is too steep and the rocks are inaccessible. But I saw mourning birds calling old trees, and male and female flying around the forest. I also heard Zigui crying about the moon at night and worrying about the empty mountains. The difficulty of the road to Shu is as difficult as climbing to the blue sky, which makes people listen to this withered beauty! Even if the peaks are removed, the sky is not full of feet, and the withered pines hang upside down and lean on the cliff. The turbulent waterfalls are noisy, and the cliffs turn into rocks and thousands of valleys are thundered. The danger is just like this. People who have traveled far away have come here for nothing.

The sword pavilion is majestic and Cui Wei. One man can guard the gate, but ten thousand men cannot open it. Those who were guarding or robbing relatives turned into wolves and jackals. Avoiding tigers in the morning and snakes at night, grinding teeth and sucking blood, killing people like numbness. Although Jincheng is happy, it is better to return home early. The road to Shu is as difficult as climbing to the blue sky. I turned to the west and looked to the west, sighing.

2. Eight Autumn Poems (Part 1) (Du Fu)

The jade dew withers the maple forest, and the Wushan Gorge is desolate. The waves in the river are surging from the sky, and the wind and clouds are blocking the ground. From the chrysanthemums blooming, there will be tears in the future, and the lonely boat is tied to the heart of the hometown. Hanyi is urging the sword and ruler everywhere, and Baidi City is high and anxious at dusk.

3. Yonghuai Ancient Relics (Part 3) (Du Fu)

Going to Jingmen through the mountains and valleys, the village of Mingfei Shangyou grew up. Once we go to Zitai and Shuo Desert, we will only leave the green tomb facing the dusk. Draw a picture to understand the spring breeze, and wear a ring in the sky to return to the soul of the night moon. For thousands of years, the pipa has been playing nonsense, and there is clear resentment in the music.

4. Climbing high (Du Fu)

The wind is strong and the apes are screaming in the sky, and the white birds are flying in the clear sand of Zhugong.

Back. The endless falling trees rustled, and the endless Yangtze River rolled in. Wanli is always a guest in the sad autumn, but he has been sick for a hundred years and only appears on the stage. Difficulty and bitterness hate the frost on the temples, and the wine glass is stained by the new stop.

1. The Pipa Parade (Bai Juyi)

The Xunyang River sees off guests on the first night, and the maple leaves and flowers rustle in autumn. The master dismounted and was in the boat. He wanted to drink wine but there was no orchestra. It's too late to be drunk and happy to say goodbye. When we say goodbye, the vast river is soaked in the moon.

Suddenly I heard the sound of pipa playing on the water, and the host forgot to return home. Xun Sheng asked secretly who was playing the pipa, but the sound of the pipa stopped and it was too late to speak. Move the boat closer to invite us to meet each other, add wine, turn back the lights, and resume the banquet. After calling for thousands of times, he came out, still holding the pipa and half covering his face. There are three or two sounds of the strings being plucked by the rotating shaft, and there is emotion before the tune is formed. The strings muffle the sounds and thoughts, seeming to complain of a life of failure. The formalities of the letter were continued with a low eyebrow, telling all the infinite things in one's heart.

Lightly gathered, slowly twisted and wiped, then picked again, first "Neon Shang" and later "Liu Yao". The big strings are as noisy as the rain, and the small strings are as loud as whispers. The bullets are noisy and mixed, and big and small beads fall on the jade plate. The orioles in Guan Guan are talking about the slippery bottom of the flower, and it is difficult to go under the ice of the Youyan Spring. The ice spring is cold and the strings are condensed, and the condensation will never pass the sound for a while. Don't worry and hate yourself. Silence is better than sound at this time. The silver vase was broken, water slurry burst out, and the cavalry stood out with swords and guns. At the end of the song, the plucked strings are carefully drawn, and the four strings sound like cracking silk. The east boat and the west boat were silent, only the white autumn moon could be seen in the middle of the river.

While he was chanting and plucking the strings, he straightened his clothes and tightened his features. She said that she was originally a girl from the capital city, and her family lived under the tomb of shrimp. At the age of 13, he learned the pipa successfully and became the first member of the Jiaofang. Qu Ba once taught good people how to dress well, and Qiu Niang was always jealous of her makeup. The young people in Wuling are struggling with their heads, and there are countless red silk songs. The silver grate on the tin head was smashed into pieces, and the bloody skirt was stained by wine. This year's laughter will bring back the next, and the autumn moon and spring breeze will pass easily. My younger brother left to join the army and my aunt died, so the color came to me in the morning. There are few horses and pommels in front of the door, and the boss is married to a businessman. Businessmen value profit over separation. The month before last, they went to Fuliang to buy tea. We go to and from the mouth of the river to guard empty boats, and when we go around the boats, the moon shines brightly on the river, and the water is cold. Late at night, I suddenly dreamed about my youth. I cried and cried, and my eyes were red with tears.

I sighed when I heard the pipa, and I heard the words were heavy

Chirping. We are both fallen people at the end of the world, so why should we have known each other before. I resigned from the imperial capital last year and was relegated to Xunyang City where I was sick. There is no music in Xunyang, a remote place, and the sound of silk and bamboo is not heard all year round. I live near the Huanjiang River, where the land is low and humid, and yellow reeds and bitter bamboos grow around my house. What did I hear at dawn and dusk? The cuckoo cries, the blood ape screams. On a spring river with flowers facing the autumn moonlight, I often drink wine alone while drinking. Are there no folk songs and village flutes? It’s hard to listen to the vomiting, mute, and mocking music. Tonight, hearing your pipa music makes my ears suddenly bright as if listening to fairy music. Mo Cigeng sat down to play a piece of music and translated it into a pipa line for you.

I have been saying this for a long time, but sitting down makes the strings turn sharply. It's so sad that it's not like the forward sound, and everyone in the house weeps when they hear it again. Who cried the most in the audience? Jiangzhou Sima’s green shirt was wet.

1. The role of a few people to the country ("Mencius")

King Hui of Liang said: "The role of a few people to the country is to do everything with one's heart and ears. If there is danger in the river, the people will be removed. To the east of the river, move the millet to the river; the same is true for the misfortune of the east of the river. It is not as good as the people of the neighboring countries. The people of the neighboring countries are not reduced, and the people of the neighboring countries are not increased.

Mencius said to him: "The king likes war, please use the metaphor of war. After filling up the drum, he caught the weapon, abandoned his armor and followed the soldiers away. Maybe it will stop after a hundred steps, or it will stop after fifty steps. What if you take fifty steps and laugh at a hundred steps?"

Said: "No! If you can't stand a hundred steps straight, you can't walk.

Said: "If the king knows this, there is no hope that the people will be more numerous than those of his neighboring countries." ”

“If it is not against the farming season, the grain will not be eaten.” If a few grains of grain are not allowed to enter the pond, the fish and turtles will not be able to eat. When the ax weighs a pound and enters the forest, the wood cannot be used. The grain, fish and turtles cannot be eaten, and the wood cannot be used. This is to keep the people alive and die without regret. Maintaining one's health and losing one's life without regrets is the beginning of the king's way. ”

“A five-acre house with mulberry trees can be used to clothe a person in his fifties.” Chickens, dolphins, dogs, and pigs are all animals that have not lost their season. Those who are seventy years old can eat meat. Don't take away a hundred acres of land, and a family of a few people can live without hunger. Follow the teachings of Xiangxu, apply the righteousness of filial piety and brotherhood, and give the white ones to live up to the road. Those who are seventy years old can wear silk and eat meat, and the people are neither hungry nor cold. However, there is no such thing as a king. ”

“A dog eats human food without knowing how to check it; a dog eats human food without knowing it; when a person dies, he says: ‘It’s not me, it’s Sui’. ’ How is this different from stabbing people and killing them, saying: ‘It’s not me, it’s a soldier’? The king is innocent at this age, and the people of the world are here. "

2. Encouragement to learn ("Gouzi")

The gentleman said: Learning is enough.

Green comes from blue, and green comes from blue. Blue; ice, water, and water. The wood is straight and the rope is used as a wheel. Although it is bent and bent, it is no longer straight, so the wood is made straight by the rope. Hard work will lead to benefit. If a gentleman is knowledgeable and reflects on himself every day, he will know clearly and act without mistakes.

It is better to think about it all day long than to look at what I have learned in a moment. , It is not as good as climbing high to get a better view. When you climb high and raise your arms, your arms will not be lengthened, but you will be able to see far away. A fake boat can't handle water, but it can't stop a river. A gentleman is born to be good at fake things.

When soil accumulates, a mountain will be formed, and wind and rain will flourish; when water accumulates, a puddle will form, and dragons will emerge; if good deeds accumulate, virtue will become, and the gods will be satisfied, and the holy heart will be prepared. Therefore, if you do not accumulate steps, you cannot reach a thousand miles; if you do not accumulate small streams, you cannot reach a river or sea. A horse can't take ten steps with one leap; a horse can ride ten times, but it's hard to give up. If you persevere, the rotten wood will not be broken; if you persevere, the metal and stone can be carved. Earthworms don't have sharp claws and teeth, nor strong bones and muscles. They eat earth and drink from the underworld. They have the same intention. A crab with six knees and two pincers is not a snake and eel whose cave has nothing to rely on, so it is a sign of impatience.

3. On the Passage of the Qin Dynasty (Jia Yi)

As for the First Emperor, he mobilized the remaining warriors of the Sixth Dynasty, vigorously pursued his strategy and conquered the inner world, swallowed up the princes for two weeks, and controlled Liuhe. , insisting on beating and beating, whipping the world, and shaking the world. Taking the land of Baiyue in the south, I thought it was Guilin and Xiangjun. The king of Baiyue bowed his head and tied his neck, and ordered his subordinates. He ordered Meng Tian to build the Great Wall to the north and guard the fence, but he defeated the Huns for more than 700 miles. The barbarians did not dare to go south to herd horses, and the soldiers did not dare to bend their bows and complain. So he abolished the ways of the previous kings, burned the opinions of hundreds of families, and used foolishness to lead Guizhou; he famously made the city famous, killed the heroes, and captured the world

The soldiers from the underworld gathered in Xianyang, sold Feng Dy, and cast them into twelve golden figures. To weaken the people of the world. Then practice Huahua City, because the river is a pond, occupy the city of hundreds of millions of feet, and think it is solid in the face of unexpected abyss. The good generals guard the key points with their powerful crossbows, and the trustworthy ministers and elite soldiers prepare the troops. The world has been settled, and the First Emperor's heart is that he thinks that the Guanzhong is solid, the golden city is thousands of miles away, and the inheritance of descendants and emperors will last forever.

The First Emperor is no longer alive, but his remaining power shocks the world. However, Chen Sheweng is the son of Shengshu, a gangster, and a migrant. His talents are not as good as those of middle-class people. He is not as talented as Zhongni and Mo Zhai, and he is not as rich as Tao Zhu and Yidun. He creeps among the troops and stubbornly rises across the street Among them, he led the exhausted soldiers and turned hundreds of people to attack Qin. He cut down trees as soldiers and raised poles as flags. The world gathered to respond, winning food and scenery. The heroes of Shandong then joined forces and destroyed the Qin people.

The world is not small and weak. In the land of Yongzhou, Weihan is solid and self-contained. The position of Chen She is not respected to the kings of Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, Song, Wei, and Zhongshan; it is not to hoe thorns and thorns with spears and spears; to banish the garrison is not to resist The divisions of the Nine Kingdoms are those who are far-sighted and far-sighted, and the way of marching and employing troops is not the same as those who look forward to the times. However, success or failure varies, and achievements are opposite. If we try to make the Shandong Kingdom and Chen Shedu have a long life and compare their power and strength, they cannot be of the same age. However, the Qin Dynasty used a mere area to expand the power of ten thousand people, ordering the eight states and dynasty in the same row, which lasted for more than a hundred years; then it made Liuhe its home and Weihan its palace; when one man was in trouble, seven temples were destroyed, and he died in the hands of others, for the sake of the world. Why are you laughing? If benevolence and righteousness are not applied, the offensive and defensive momentum will be different.

Summary of the three knowledge points required for Chinese language in the first year of high school 3

1. Unit teaching materials and description of learning key points

Master the common classical Chinese content words, classical Chinese function words and classical Chinese in the text Sentence patterns, able to understand the meaning of words and sentences, read texts, and learn to use modern concepts to examine the content and ideological tendencies of works.

Understand the works of important writers involved in the text and understand the brief development of Chinese literature.

Able to use a variety of language reference books and a variety of media to collect and process information.

When studying this unit, you should be careful not to overdo it to improve the learning objectives. In a certain sense, reading and reading are still the main teaching tasks, which means that we must first clear the language and writing barriers, and then grasp the theme or central idea of ??the article, understand the author's emotional attitude, and then enter the classroom. Take into account other goals. You cannot ignore basic training and blindly carry out mysterious "explorations", which is against the laws of classical Chinese teaching.

2. Preliminary points:

1. Read and recite; "Jing Ke Assassins the King of Qin"

Attached is the recitation part:

"Jing Ke Assassins the King of Qin" King of Qin"

When the prince and guests knew what had happened, they all wore white hats to send him off. On the Yishui River, he is the ancestor and follows the path. Gao Jianli was building a building, Jing Ke was singing in harmony, and the soldiers all shed tears as the voice of rebellion. He went forward again and sang: "The wind is rustling and the water is cold. Once the strong man is gone, he will never come back!" The sound of the feathers returned again, and the soldiers all stared with anger and raised their fingertips. So Jing Ke drove away and ignored him.

2. Summarize the main points;

3. Extract the essence;

4. Develop a sense of language;

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