Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal Information

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is the longest and largest ancient canal in the world and one of the oldest canals. Together with the Great Wall and Karez, it is called the three major ancient projects in China, and it has been in use ever since. It is a great project created by the working people in ancient China and one of the symbols of China's cultural status.

The Grand Canal starts from Yuhang (now Hangzhou) in the south and ends in Zhuo Jun (now Beijing) in the north. It runs through Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and Hebei provinces, Tianjin and Beijing, and runs through five major water systems, namely Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River, with a total length of about 1.797 km. The canal has played a great role in the economic and cultural development and communication between the north and the south of China, especially in the development of industrial and agricultural economy along the route.

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The improvement of ancient rivers and the construction of artificial waterways are all for irrigation. As early as the 7th century BC, Assyrians opened a canal 80 kilometers (50 miles) long and 20 meters (66 feet) wide to bring in fresh water. In the 5th century, Persia dug a canal from the Nile to the Red Sea. Egypt once built dams on the Nile to prevent floods and established irrigation systems in vast river basins. From 3rd century BC to 1 century BC, the China River Opening Project was even more impressive.

In fact, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, dug the first canal in human history in Yangzhou today, with the purpose of connecting the north and the south and facilitating the transportation of military pay to the northern front. Still in use today, it should be the earliest canal recorded in history books in the world. In addition, there are Lingqu in Guangxi, the water road from Chang 'an, the capital of Han Dynasty, to the Yellow River, and the old Bianhe River in Henan.

The most striking thing is the Grand Canal, which was opened to traffic for 960 kilometers (600 miles) in June10, enabling grain to be transported from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River to Kaifeng and Luoyang. The water level of these canals changes gently, and a stone pier or wooden column gate is set up every 4.8 kilometers (3 miles) to store water or drain water to control the water level. /kloc-in the 20th century, the expansion of commerce promoted the revival and perfection of European canal construction.

1373, a water storage gate was built in the Netherlands, with internal and external gates to control the water level. This method was widely used in14th century. China canal architecture is ahead of Europe. 1280 to 1293, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was built from Huai 'an to the north of Beijing, with a total length of 1,120km (700 miles), which flows through a hilly area in Shandong with rolling mountains along the way, making it the earliest ridge-crossing canal.

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