Trend of English in Senior High School Entrance Examination: Rhetoric in Junior Middle School English and Middle School English

Every language has rhetoric, and English is no exception. In middle school English teaching, rhetoric is obviously not the focus of teaching, but it is not appropriate to shelve it without telling students or even encounter some common rhetorical phenomena in teaching. In my opinion, if you encounter some English rhetoric phenomena in teaching, you can introduce them to students appropriately, which will not only make the text vivid and deepen students' impression, but also stimulate students' interest in learning English.

The rhetorical phenomena scattered in middle school English textbooks are classified and enumerated.

1. Simile is a comparison between two things and phenomena with the same characteristics, which shows the similar relationship between ontology and vehicle, and both of them appear in the comparison. Commonly used figurative words such as, as, asif, as if, etc. , for example:

Anyone can see that this elephant looks like a snake.

As anyone can see, this elephant looks like a snake.

He looked as if he had just stepped out of my fairy tale book and walked past me like a ghost.

He looked as if he had just stepped out of my fairy tale book and walked past me like a ghost.

It has long leaves, swaying in the wind, just like slender fingers touching something.

Its long leaves are swaying in the wind, as if stretching out slender fingers to touch something.

Second, metaphor (metaphor) This metaphor is not carried out through figurative words, but directly describes things as things B, and the connection and similarity between things A and B are implicit.

German artillery and planes dumped bombs, shells and bullets ...

German guns and planes rained bombs, shells and bullets.

The diamond department is the heart and center of the store.

The diamond department is the heart and core of the store.

3. Synonymy method, also known as angle introduction method, is mainly characterized in that part represents the whole, or the whole refers to part, or abstraction replaces concreteness, or concreteness replaces abstraction. For example:

The Great Wall is not only made of stone and mud, but also made of the flesh and blood of millions of people.

The Great Wall is not only made of stone and mud, but also made of the blood and flesh of millions of people.

The "flesh and blood" in the sentence is called "great sacrifice"

2. "Say it is the most beautiful language in the world, …"

..... He said it was the most beautiful language in the world.

Here, concrete "tongue" is used instead of abstract "language".

Many people turned their eyes to a 20-year-old tall black girl on the American team.

Many people turned their eyes to a 20-year-old tall black girl on the American team.

Here "many eyes" replaced "many people".

Fourth, personification, which is a rhetorical method, is to add people's characteristics and characteristics to external things, so as to personalize them and personify them with things, so as to achieve mutual integration and integration.

She may give birth to thousands of babies in one summer. (Excerpted from Observing Ants)

She may have thousands of children in one summer.

Here, "she" and "baby" are used to compare bees to the fertility of human women.

My only worry is that I will look for a job again in January.

My only worry is that I have to find a new job in January.

In English, "year", "month" and "day" are often personified and given life, which makes people read kindly and vividly.

Verb (verb's abbreviation) exaggerates. This is to use rich imagination and radical words to render and decorate objective things to achieve the effect of emphasis.

My blood has coagulated.

My blood has coagulated.

When I told my father about it, his heart was broken.

When I told our father about it, his heart almost jumped out.

My heart almost stopped beating when I heard my daughter's voice on the phone.

Hearing my daughter's voice on the phone, my heart almost stopped beating.

Sixth, rhetorical repetition refers to the overlapping use of words with the same structure and meaning in a specific context to enhance tone and intensity.

It must be created by the blood and labor of all of us who believe in the future. We believe in mankind and the brilliant destiny created by mankind.

It must be created with the blood and sweat of those of us who are full of confidence in the future and the great destiny created by human beings themselves.

Because good medical and surgical techniques mean curing patients faster, alleviating pain, reducing discomfort, reducing death, reducing diseases and reducing deformities.

Because excellent medical technology and surgery mean faster treatment for patients, less pain, less anxiety, less death, less diseases and less disability.

7. Metonymy means that two different things are not similar, but they are inseparable, so one of them is often used instead of the other.

A few years later, it was reported that Napoleon himself would visit them ...

A few years later, they heard that Napoleon would visit them in person.

The word "word" here replaces "news and information".

Al said with his eyes, "Yes".

Al said with his eyes, "Yes".

"Speaking" should be the function of the mouth, which actually expresses "the meaning of speaking" with the eyes.

A pun is a word or phrase, which combines two unrelated meanings in a clever way to achieve humorous and interesting effects.

Napoleon was surprised. "Either you are crazy or I am," he declared. "Both, sir!" The Swede shouted proudly.

The word "both" is a pun, which means that Napoleon and the soldier are both crazy. The soldier took part in two battles under Napoleon's command.

9.onomatcpocia is a non-verbal sound that imitates nature. Its pronunciation is very similar to what is described, which makes the language vivid and expressive.

Some pigeons are flying gently on the roof of the school building.

On the roof of the school building, some pigeons are softly cooing.

She exposed me to everything that I could touch or feel-sunshine, the rustle of silk, the sound of insects, the sound of opening doors and the voice of my lover.

She exposed me to everything I could touch or feel, such as sunshine, the rustling of silk, the chirping of insects, the creaking of doors and the voices of relatives.

Irony refers to the use of implicit praise to express its negative meaning, so as to achieve the effect of making the original meaning more humorous and ironic.

Of course, I know that a gentleman like you only carries large bills.

Ah, of course, I know a gentleman like you only carries big bills.

The clerk's words were intended to satirize the ragged customer: how can a person like you have a big ticket? It is called a "gentleman", but in fact it is "begging for Gal".

Eleven, synaesthesia (synesthesia) refers to the feeling produced in one kind of feeling, transferred to another kind of psychological feeling.

Some books can be tasted, some can be wolfed down, and some need to be chewed and digested.

Some books should be tasted, some should be swallowed, and a few should be chewed and digested.

Books can't be tasted, and they can't be digested after eating. Here, the feelings of intensive reading and extensive reading, reading appreciation and absorbing knowledge are expressed through taste function and digestive function, and the psychological feelings are so vivid and strange.

12. Alliteration has more than two words or phrases connected together in a sentence, and the first syllables have the same letters or pronunciations to enhance the sense of rhythm of the language.

How and why he came to Princeton, New Jersey, is a story full of struggle, success and sadness.

How and why he came to Princeton, New Jersey, was an experience full of struggle, success and sadness.

The figures of speech 12 listed above are common in middle school, especially the first and second figures of speech. According to Wen Jun's Dictionary of English Figures of Speech (Chongqing University Press, 1992), English figures of speech are subdivided into 88 categories. Of course, middle school teachers don't need to tell students so much, but they shouldn't think English rhetoric is "high, precise and sharp" without giving students a superficial introduction. Rhetoric is the noumenon of language, not the appendage of language.

Liuxue86.com edited English Rhetoric for Junior Middle School and English Rhetoric for Middle School.