Flood prevention safety tips

1. Little knowledge about flood control in mountainous areas (little knowledge about how to prevent floods)

Little knowledge about flood control in mountainous areas (little knowledge about how to prevent floods) 1. Little knowledge about how to prevent floods

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1. Basic knowledge on flood prevention, types of floods

Can be divided into: heavy rain floods (including flash floods), storm surges, ice floods, glacier floods, snowmelt floods, mudslides and dam floods and many other types. The main one is heavy rain flooding. 2. Debris flow is a liquid-solid two-phase flow filled with mud, stone, and water that occurs in rivers and valleys in mountainous areas. It is a sudden and special torrent with great destructive power. Heavy rain or/and melting ice and snow are the triggers for its occurrence. According to their different solid material composition, they can be divided into three categories: debris flow, mud flow and water-rock flow. The basic conditions for the formation of debris flows are: there are abundant loose solid accumulations in the valley; the terrain of the valley is steep, the specific drop is large, and there are periods of heavy rain or strong melting of glaciers and mountain snow; in terms of region, debris flow mainly occurs in fault folds Development, neotectonic movement is active in mountainous areas with poor vegetation and serious soil erosion. Debris flow is a highly destructive sudden mountain natural disaster. 3. Dam collapse floods include: Class II floods caused by reservoir dam collapse and embankment breaches. These two categories are related to both meteorological factors and human factors. ⑴. The sudden characteristics of reservoir dam failure floods are: high peak, short duration, and high flow speed, which often cause devastating disasters downstream, especially casualties. ⑵ Embankment breach occurs when the flood exceeds the design standards of the embankment, there is a problem with the quality of the embankment, or due to artificial barriers to block high water levels, overflowing or bursting floods occur. Floods caused by man-made embankment breaches also occur. 2. Little knowledge on flood prevention, the main characteristics of floods 1. Obvious seasonality The seasonal period when floods occur intensively is called the flood season. The timing of the annual flood season for rivers has a certain pattern, which is mainly determined by the north-south displacement of rain belts in summer and frequent typhoons and rains in autumn. 2. Large flood peaks. Affected by factors such as heavy rainfall, topography, vegetation, etc. in the basin, rivers can often form extremely high peak flows. 3. Inter-annual changes in river floods are unstable. In heavy rain flood areas, the peak flow changes greatly in flood years and dry years.

2. What are some tips on flood prevention?

1. If you are threatened by floods, if you have enough time, you should move to hillsides, highlands, etc. in an organized manner according to the predetermined route; if you are caught off guard, If you are surrounded by floods, you should try your best to use boats, rafts, door panels, wooden beds, etc. for water transfer.

2. When the flood comes too fast and it is too late to move away, you should immediately climb onto the roof, tall building, big tree or high wall to take temporary refuge and wait for rescue. Do not swim alone and transfer.

3. In mountainous areas, if it rains continuously, flash floods may easily occur. In this case, you should pay attention to avoid crossing the river to prevent being washed away by flash floods, and also pay attention to prevent injuries from landslides, rolling rocks, and mudslides.

4. If you find that the high-voltage power line tower has collapsed or the wires are hanging down or broken; stay away from danger and do not touch or approach to prevent electric shock.

Hope it is useful to you

3. Flood and flood prevention safety knowledge

Original publisher: Jiao

Flood and flood prevention safety responsibility system

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1. Purpose

Strengthen the flood prevention and safety management of the construction site during the flood season to ensure the smooth progress of the on-site construction.

2. Scope of application

Applicable to the flood control and flood control safety management work at the construction site of this project.

3. Safety Organization

According to the construction characteristics of this project and the actual conditions of the construction site, a flood prevention and safety production management leading group is established, as follows:

Team Leader:

Executive Deputy Team Leader:

Deputy Team Leader:

Members:

4. Flood Control and Flood Control Safety Production Management Responsibilities of the leading group

1. Project manager: is the first person in charge of production safety during the flood season. When a safety accident occurs at the construction site, he is responsible for directing the rescue and disaster relief work at the construction site.

2. Executive deputy manager: is the main person in charge of safety production during the flood season. When a safety accident occurs at the construction site, he is responsible for assisting the project manager to take charge of the work within the scope of responsibility. When the project manager is absent, he is responsible for directing the construction site Emergency and disaster relief work.

3. Deputy Production Manager: Assist the project manager/executive deputy manager to be responsible for the work within the scope of responsibility, assist the project manager/executive deputy manager to investigate safety hazards at the construction site, and mobilize disaster relief in case of emergencies during flood season Necessary equipment and supplies.

4. Deputy Safety Director: Assist the project manager to organize safety hazard inspections. For problems discovered during the inspection, he has the right to order departments and branches to make rectifications. If there is a serious danger, he has the right to suspend construction; assist The project manager/executive deputy manager conducts safety hazard inspections at the construction site and provides on-site command in case of emergencies during flood season.

5. Project Chief Engineer (Deputy Chief Engineer): Responsible for preparing various safety technical measures at the construction site and organizing the preparation of various special safety construction plans, and organizing briefings; participating in inspections of safety hazards during the flood season of the project, and conducting inspections on construction Technically put forward rectification suggestions for potential accident hazards and resolve them. 9. Minister of Materials: Responsible

4. Asking primary school students for flood prevention knowledge

Little knowledge on flood prevention 1. The types of floods can be divided into: heavy rain floods (including flash floods), storm surges, and ice floods , glacier floods, snowmelt floods, mudslides, dam floods and other types.

The main one is heavy rain flooding. 2. Debris flow is a liquid-solid two-phase flow filled with mud, stone, and water that occurs in rivers and valleys in mountainous areas. It is a sudden and special torrent with great destructive power.

Heavy rain or/and melting ice and snow are the triggers for its occurrence. According to their different solid material composition, they can be divided into three categories: debris flow, mud flow and water-rock flow.

The basic conditions for the formation of debris flows are: there are abundant loose solid accumulations in the ravine; the ravine terrain is steep and has a large specific drop, and there are periods of heavy rain or intense melting of glaciers and mountain snow; in terms of region, Debris mainly develops in mountainous areas with fault folds, active neotectonic movements, poor vegetation, and severe soil erosion. Debris flow is a highly destructive sudden mountain natural disaster.

3. Dam collapse floods include: Class II floods caused by reservoir dam collapse and embankment breaches. These two categories are related to both meteorological factors and human factors.

⑴. The sudden characteristics of reservoir dam failure floods are: high peak, short duration, and high flow speed, which often cause devastating disasters downstream, especially casualties. ⑵ Embankment breach occurs when the flood exceeds the design standards of the embankment, there is a problem with the quality of the embankment, or due to artificial barriers to block high water levels, overflowing or bursting floods occur.

Floods caused by man-made embankment breaches also occur. 2. Main characteristics of floods 1. Obvious seasonality The seasonal period when floods occur intensively is called the flood season.

The timing of the annual flood season in rivers has a certain pattern, which is mainly determined by the north-south displacement of the rain belts in summer and frequent typhoons in autumn. 2. Large flood peaks. Affected by factors such as heavy rainfall, topography, vegetation, etc. in the basin, rivers can often form extremely high peak flows.

3. Inter-annual changes in river floods are unstable. In heavy rain flood areas, the peak flow changes greatly in flood years and dry years. How to emergency self-rescue when a flood breaks out. When heavy rains fall continuously in an area within a short period of time, the river water will rise violently, overflowing the dams, submerging farmland and villages, and washing away roads, bridges, and houses. This is a flood disaster.

How to save yourself when a flood occurs? 1. If you are threatened by floods, if you have enough time, you should move to hillsides, highlands, etc. in an organized manner according to the predetermined route; if you are caught off guard and are surrounded by floods, you should try your best to use boats, rafts, door panels, wooden Bed, etc., do water transfer. 2. When the flood comes too fast and it is too late to move away, you should immediately climb onto the roof, tall building, big tree or high wall to take temporary refuge and wait for rescue.

Don’t swim alone. 3. In mountainous areas, if it rains continuously, flash floods may easily occur.

In this case, you should be careful to avoid crossing the river to prevent being washed away by flash floods. You should also pay attention to prevent injuries from landslides, rolling rocks, and mudslides. 4. If you find that the high-voltage power line tower has collapsed or the wires are hanging down or broken; stay away from danger and do not touch or approach to avoid electric shock.

("Beijing Youth Daily") Four ways to save yourself when encountering a flood in the city. What should you do if you encounter a flood in the city? Experts say that you should first quickly board a strong high-rise building to avoid danger, and then contact the rescue department. . At the same time, pay attention to collecting various floating objects. Wooden basins and barrels are good tools for escaping from dangerous situations.

Analyzing the reasons for missing people in floods, on the one hand, the flood flow was large and they were caught off guard. On the other hand, it is also because some people do not understand the water conditions and take risks in the water.

Therefore, what you must pay attention to during floods is that if you don’t understand the water conditions, you must wait for rescue in a safe area. 1. The shelter should generally be located in a place closest to home, with higher terrain, convenient transportation and better sanitary conditions.

In cities, they are mostly flat roofs of high-rise buildings, schools and hospitals on higher ground or with solid buildings. 2. Store cold-proof items such as clothes and quilts in a high place; waterproof valuables that are inconvenient to carry and bury them in the ground or place them in a high place. Tickets, jewelry and other items can be sewn into clothing.

3. Build wooden rafts, and collect wooden basins, wooden blocks and other floating materials to process into life-saving equipment in case of emergency. It is difficult to find suitable drinking water when the flood comes, so wooden basins can be used before the flood comes. Use water containers such as buckets and buckets to store clean drinking water. 4. Prepare medicine, fire and other items; keep all usable communication facilities to maintain good communication and transportation links with the outside world.

("Beijing Youth Daily") Pay attention to epidemic prevention after floods. During floods, drinking water sources or water supply systems are seriously polluted or damaged; after floods recede, animals and plants decay, and large and small water bodies exist, etc. Causes a large number of flies and mosquitoes to breed. Therefore, careful disinfection and vector control after floods are one of the important health and epidemic prevention measures to prevent post-disaster epidemics.

For drinking water treatment and disinfection sedimentation treatment, add coagulant aluminum sulfate (iron sulfate) 1.25-2.5 g/25 liters or alum 2.5-3.75 g/25 liters, stir until alum flowers appear in the water, and wait for a while. Leave to clarify for about 1 hour, take the supernatant water for disinfection, and remove the turbid water. When there is no coagulant, the turbid water can also be left to stand, but the settling time will be much longer.

Add disinfectant to disinfected clarified water for 30 minutes. The dosage of effective chlorine should generally be no less than 1-2 mg/L. You can choose any one of the disinfectants, such as bleaching powder, 4-8 mg/L; bleaching spirit, 2-4 mg/L; euchlorazine, 4 mg/L; for other disinfectants, please refer to the instructions for use.

Some add deodorant to the disinfected water. For example, 0.5 grams of anhydrous sodium thiosulfate can remove 1 mg/L of chlorine from 500 liters of water to solve the problem of water odor after disinfection. . Feces treatment If feces is not properly handled, it can easily pollute water sources and breed flies.

Temporary toilets are provided at the resettlement sites for disaster victims to prevent open defecation. To disinfect feces, use 10 parts of feces water and 1 part of bleaching powder, stir it, and pour it into the designated place for burial after 2 hours.

For the feces of patients with intestinal infectious diseases, mix 5 parts to 1 part bleaching powder, or add the same amount of quicklime, mix well for 2-4 hours, and then pour it into the designated place for burial. Treatment of animal carcasses: Animal carcasses caused by floods must be disinfected in time and buried deep below 1.5-2 meters.

The burial site must be located on high ground and away from water sources. Use 10% bleaching powder clarification solution on the corpse, spray it at a dosage of 200 ml/square meter, and bury it after 1-2 hours. When burying, sprinkle 20-40 g/square meter of dry bleaching powder on the corpse, and then cover it with soil and bury it.

Use 1-2 ml of bleaching powder to clarify night spray on transportation vehicles and tools, and wait for 1 hour before using them for other purposes. (End) (Yuwang).

5. Knowledge questions on flood prevention

1. Types of floods can be divided into: heavy rain floods (including flash floods), storm surges, ice floods, glacier floods, snowmelt floods, and debris flows and dam floods and other types.

The main one is heavy rain flooding. 2. Debris flow is a liquid-solid two-phase flow filled with mud, stone, and water that occurs in rivers and valleys in mountainous areas. It is a sudden and special torrent with great destructive power.

Heavy rain or/and melting ice and snow are the triggers for its occurrence. According to their different solid material composition, they can be divided into three categories: debris flow, mud flow and water-rock flow.

The basic conditions for the formation of debris flows are: there are abundant loose solid accumulations in the ravine; the ravine terrain is steep and has a large specific drop, and there are periods of heavy rain or intense melting of glaciers and mountain snow; in terms of region, Debris mainly develops in mountainous areas with fault folds, active neotectonic movements, poor vegetation, and severe soil erosion. Debris flow is a highly destructive sudden mountain natural disaster.

3. Dam collapse floods include: Class II floods caused by reservoir dam collapse and embankment breaches. These two categories are related to both meteorological factors and human factors.

⑴. The sudden characteristics of reservoir dam failure floods are: high peak, short duration, and high flow speed, which often cause devastating disasters downstream, especially casualties. ⑵ Embankment breach occurs when the flood exceeds the design standards of the embankment, there is a problem with the quality of the embankment, or due to artificial barriers to block high water levels, overflowing or bursting floods occur.

Floods caused by man-made embankment breaches also occur. 2. Main characteristics of floods 1. Obvious seasonality The seasonal period when floods occur intensively is called the flood season.

The timing of the annual flood season in rivers has a certain pattern, which is mainly determined by the north-south displacement of the rain belts in summer and frequent typhoons in autumn. 2. Large flood peaks. Affected by factors such as heavy rainfall, topography, vegetation, etc. in the basin, rivers can often form extremely high peak flows.

3. Inter-annual changes in river floods are unstable. In heavy rain flood areas, the peak flow changes greatly in flood years and dry years.

6. How much do you know about flood prevention?

Flood prevention: Various maintenance work to prevent flood disasters during flood season.

Such as the defense and emergency repair of embankments, gates, dams, railways, bridges, etc. Flood prevention should be based on the principle of "prevention first, prevention is more important than robbery", and all flood prevention work should be done well, mainly including: pre-flood inspection, flood reporting, organizing rescue teams, material preparation and technical preparation, flood prevention, research on flood patterns and It is a water conservancy work that determines the characteristics of flood disasters and takes various countermeasures to minimize or prevent flood hazards.

The contents of flood control work mainly include: flood control planning and construction, management and use of flood control facilities, flood season defense and rescue, flood forecasting and dispatching, post-disaster work, etc. Also includes anti-bullying efforts.

Waterlogging: Due to excessive local precipitation, surface runoff cannot be eliminated in time, and the accumulated water in farmland exceeds the ability of crops to withstand flooding, causing disasters such as reduced agricultural production. The reason for crop yield reduction is that the depth of water accumulation is too large and the time is too long, which causes the air in the soil to be discharged one after another, resulting in insufficient oxygen at the roots of the crops, difficulty breathing in the root system, and the production of toxic and harmful substances such as ethanol, which affects the growth of crops and even Cause crop death.

Floods: Floods are disasters caused by surges in water levels in rivers, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, overflowing or bursting of dams, and the influx of passenger water. In addition to causing major disasters to agriculture, waterlogging can also cause losses to industry and even life and property.

The main similarity between waterlogging and floods is excessive accumulation of water (or runoff) on the surface. The difference is that waterlogging is caused by excessive local precipitation, while floods are caused by the entry of passenger water. What is a flood? Flood is a natural phenomenon with large peak height and sharp rise in water level.

Floods generally include river floods, urban rainstorm floods, storm surge floods in coastal estuaries, flash floods, freezing floods, etc.

What is flood prevention planning? Flood control planning is to determine the flood control standards based on the study of flood characteristics and impacts in the basin, according to the natural geographical conditions of the basin, social and economic conditions and the needs of national economic development. Through analysis and comparison, a reasonable selection of flood control plans is carried out to determine engineering and non-stop projects. Engineering measures.

What is flood control dispatch? Flood control dispatching is to artificially change the temporal and spatial distribution patterns of natural floods through measures such as storage, discharge, detention, and separation, in order to achieve the purpose of reducing flood disasters. What are waterlogging removal standards? The standard for waterlogging elimination refers to how many years a heavy rain occurs, how many days of rainfall, and how many days it should be eliminated.

It is the main basis for designing drainage systems. What is "El Ni?o"? Peru, located at 4 to 14 degrees south latitude, is one of the world's largest fish-producing countries. This country's fishmeal production ranks first in the world.

This is because there is a strong upwelling along the coast of Peru. That is to say, in that area, in addition to the horizontal currents, there are also waves that are constantly rising from the deep seabed to the sea surface. Upwelling, this upwelling can bring rich phosphates and other nutrients from the seafloor to the upper layers of the ocean, nourishing the world-famous Peruvian fishing grounds. If this upwelling weakens or disappears, the warm current near the equator will invade, causing the water temperature in the coastal waters of Peru to rise. This phenomenon will occur around Christmas every few years. Local residents regard it as The seasonal southward intrusion of this warm current, resulting in an increase in sea surface water temperature, is called "El Ni?o."

In normal years, El Ni?o's southward invasion range can only reach a few degrees of southern latitude. By March of next year, the sea surface water temperature returns to normal, which has no effect on the fish and birds that have lived here for a long time. What an impact. The occurrence of El Ni?o varies from year to year. In some years, the intrusion of warm water is farther away, while in other years it is closer.

When the warm water invasion is strong, it can reach more than ten degrees south latitude. At this time, the water temperature along the Peruvian coast will increase rapidly. Plankton and various fish living in this sea area that have adapted to the cold water environment will Massive deaths will occur due to sudden changes in the environment. At the same time, various seabirds that feed on fish will also die in large numbers due to lack of food. After years of observation and research, it has been found that when the El Ni?o phenomenon occurs, it not only brings disasters to the Peruvian coast, but even affects global climate abnormalities.

Whenever the El Ni?o phenomenon is severe, it is often found that heavy rains and floods occur in some areas around the world, while in other areas there is prolonged drought and no rain, and agricultural harvests fail. Scientists have closely linked this global climate variability to the El Ni?o phenomenon and found that they are closely related. The precursors of global climate anomalies can often be found in the occurrence of the El Ni?o phenomenon last year or at the beginning of the year.

With the deepening of scientific research, there is a new understanding of the mechanism of El Ni?o phenomenon, and the original meaning of El Ni?o phenomenon has also changed. Now it only occurs in large-scale seawater in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific areas. An increase in temperature that usually lasts for more than a year is called an El Ni?o phenomenon. How to implement piping surge protection Principles of piping surge protection The practical experience of piping surge protection in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River proves that the principle of dealing with piping surges should be to prevent water from surging and carrying sand, while leaving a way out for water seepage.

This will not only prevent the silt and fine sand from being destroyed, but also reduce the pressure of nearby water seepage, stabilizing the dangerous situation. What is worthy of vigilance is that piping is an extremely obvious and common cause of embankment breaches, but there is still insufficient understanding of its dangers, improper measures, or paralysis and neglect, delaying the opportunity.

For example, if a large well is built but cannot be built in time, or if a high well collapses, it has caused the disaster of embankment bursting, causing serious losses to the country and the people. The painful lessons of history must be remembered.

How to rescue piping surges? Pipe swells are certainly a serious danger. As long as we are vigilant, prudent and reciprocal, and deal with them in a timely manner, we can rescue them. The following is an introduction to the effective methods for preventing piping surges since 1954: 1. Use earth bags to form a low weir around the water outlet hole.

Fill the holes with reverse filter material. It is best to fill the holes first with coarse sand, then with guar rice stone, gravel, and finally with stones according to the gradation.

It can effectively prevent sand from being brought out, but due to water inflow, coarse sand often cannot be filled in. Gravel and rocks can be filled first to reduce the force of water inflow, and then filled according to the grade, slightly higher than the original ground.

If there is no suitable stone nearby, brick slag can be used instead. If it is not possible to achieve the goal of preventing sand from being carried at one time.

Part of the upper coarse filler can be removed, and then filled according to the above grade until the water seeps smoothly and no sand is brought out. After the reverse filter material is filled, you still need to pay attention to precautions. If you find that the filler is sinking, you can continue to fill it with stones until it is stable.

2. The same method as above, but instead of building a cofferdam, you can also directly fill it with filter material. 3. If due to piping, the foundation soil of the embankment is lost too much, resulting in cracks in the embankment body.

7. What are some tips on flood prevention?

1. After receiving instructions or notifications from superiors, the leading group immediately enters a war-fighting state, releases relevant news and warnings in accordance with the law, and comprehensively organizes various flood prevention measures Flood relief work.

All relevant organizations are ready to carry out flood prevention and relief tasks at any time. (Responsible leader: Lin Chong) 2. Organize relevant personnel to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the affiliated buildings, block and close dangerous places, and stop various indoor large-scale activities.

(Responsible person: Wu Song) 3. Strengthen publicity and education among teachers and students, and do a good job in stabilizing the ideological stability of teachers, students, and parents. And do a good job in guiding students and evacuating students to safe places. 4. Teams at all levels, under the unified organization and command of the principal's office, quickly organize emergency rescue and disaster relief at the same level, take all necessary means, and organize all forces to comprehensively carry out flood prevention and relief work. Reduce the losses caused by flood control to the lowest point.

5. Post-disaster statistical inspection work.

8. What are the good measures for flood control in mountainous areas?

First, we must do a good job in eliminating risks in the project.

Danger and hidden dangers are the enemy of flood prevention work. If you remove more insurance before the flood, you will have less worries during the flood. All localities should research and formulate specific risk elimination plans for the dangers discovered during pre-flood inspections, implement special funds, designate dedicated personnel to be responsible, and complete the project elimination within a time limit.

Regarding the danger of Liu Fei's bank collapse, the embankment management department must strengthen observation and actively apply for risk control projects to the provincial and municipal embankment authorities. The power drainage department must ensure that it can be put into trial operation by the end of May. The management offices of the three major reservoirs should actively improve dangerous sections of main canals and repair bucket gates.

Gujiao Reservoir must continue to strengthen termite prevention and control work to ensure the safety of the dam. All towns and villages must do a good job in pre-flood risk-removing inspections and termite survey and control of the dams, gate stations and spillways of small (secondary) reservoirs within their respective jurisdictions.

Especially last winter, towns and villages that have not completed the earthwork tasks for the East-West Port dredging, Longping Spillway tailrace channel, and embankment slope improvement projects must complete the remaining earthwork tasks before June 10. Second, we must clear obstacles in accordance with the law.

Clearing flood barriers is an important measure to restore the river and achieve harmonious coexistence between man and nature. It is also a basic measure for effective flood management. In some places, the one-sided pursuit of economic benefits and neglect of flood control safety have resulted in the erection of new obstacles before old obstacles are cleared.

These behaviors that affect flood safety must be dealt with in accordance with the law. The county prevention office and water conservancy bureau should organize special teams to inventory and register flood barriers. In accordance with the principle of "whoever sets up barriers will clear them," they will issue "obstacle clearance notices" to all towns and villages based on their jurisdiction and clear them within a time limit.

Relevant towns and villages should attach great importance to the work of clearing obstacles, quickly organize special teams to clear them, and clear them in accordance with the law. And restore the flood conduction section to eliminate safety hazards.

It is necessary to focus on the clearing work of major rivers such as Kaotian River, Longping River, Xiaoxi River, Gujiao River, East and West Port, Renmin Port, Hero Port, Friendship Port and Meiji Port to ensure Complete the clearing task before June 10th. Third, we must prepare flood control materials and rescue teams.

All localities should regard the replenishment of materials as a major and urgent matter. They must prepare flood prevention and rescue materials like guns and ammunition for war. They must do what is lacking according to the needs of preventing major floods and rescuing major dangers. What to supplement, the deployment should be reasonable, and the preparation should be complete. It is better to be prepared than to use it, and to be unprepared when it is not available. Rescue materials for key embankment sections and hazardous construction sections must be transported to the scene as soon as possible to prepare for urgent emergency needs.

It is necessary to strengthen the management of stored materials, standardize their stacking, and must not be used for other purposes. Make sure that it can be adjusted and used when needed.

Wherever flood control materials need to be mobilized, roads, electricity and information must be accessible. Communication is also the material basis for flood prevention and fighting. We must pay attention to the construction of flood prevention communication to ensure that information can be transmitted in time in the event of danger.

All localities must establish first-, second- and third-line flood prevention and rescue teams in accordance with the militia system, and deploy them scientifically according to the development of flood conditions. Flood control personnel must be registered and implemented one by one, and no false names are allowed. The entire flood season will remain unchanged.

It is necessary to form a professional rescue commando team with water conservancy technicians as the backbone. It is necessary to give full play to the role of "old water conservancy" and "old flood control", ask them to give advice in peacetime, serve as staff in wartime, and do a good job of helping and guiding.

The People’s Liberation Army, armed police officers and soldiers, and public security officers are the mainstay of flood prevention and fighting. We must further strengthen military-civilian joint defense and police-civilian joint defense, exchange information, and fight floods side by side, so that when called upon, they can come and when they come, they can fight. , the battle can be won. Fourth, prepare a plan.

All levels must continue to do a good job in flood control and dispatching of rivers, lakes and reservoirs, urban flood control, personnel transfer in flood diversion and storage areas, mountain torrent disaster prevention, drought relief and disaster reduction, etc. in accordance with the principle of hierarchical responsibility as they attach importance to engineering construction Plan preparation work. In revising and improving the plan, it is necessary to clarify the new ideas of "transforming from flood control to flood management, from single drought relief to comprehensive drought relief" based on the project construction situation, the needs of economic and social development, and new rainfall and water regime factors. Administrative and technical measures to make it scientific, reasonable and operable.

In terms of organizational command, it is necessary to determine the number of command personnel and flood control personnel based on floods of different magnitudes. Who will be in command, who will be on the front line, and how much labor will be involved must be very specific, so as to ensure flood control safety and ensure flood control. Avoid rushing into chaos and reducing flood control costs. In terms of flood control, there must be corresponding technical solutions to determine how much water should be released and what to do if there is less water to combat drought.

On this issue, we must adhere to the overall planning of flood control and drought relief, give full play to the role of the water conservancy engineering system, and make full use of rainwater resources, send away excess water, and retain useful water while ensuring safety. of water. In terms of safeguard measures, it is necessary to clarify the quantity, variety and reliable means of communication of flood control materials.

Where flood control materials are stored and how they are graded must be stipulated one by one. At the same time, there must be emergency plans for communications, especially for small projects, and solutions must be proposed based on local conditions to ensure the timely and accurate transmission of rain, water, work conditions and other information and flood control instructions.

In terms of safe transfer, it is necessary to clarify the early warning methods, evacuation routes, team leaders, transportation means, resettlement locations, and living assistance. After the plan is revised and improved, it must be reviewed and approved in a timely manner and the implementation work must be done well.

Leaders and relevant personnel at all levels must be familiar with the plan, especially when it comes to safe transfers, so that the leading cadres and the masses must be aware of it. Fifth, we must do a good job in reservoir flood control and mountain disaster prevention.

Our county is located in the center of heavy rains in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River Basin, and "steam rain" is extremely prone to occur in summer, which poses a great threat to the safety of the reservoir. All localities must implement the administrative head responsibility system and the safety supervision responsibility system on a bank-by-bank basis, publicize the responsible persons, accept social supervision, and include them in performance evaluations.

In particular, dangerous reservoirs should be given great attention, classified guidance should be provided, and policies should be implemented based on the reservoirs. If the Longping Reservoir risk remediation and reinforcement project is in the final stage, the construction must be carried out as quickly as possible and completed before the main flood season; Gujiao and Caitian Reservoirs must prepare plans to control the use of water levels according to different situations and appropriately reduce the water level; Dushan Wangchong Small (two) reservoirs with serious risk of disease should be operated empty.

The small (second) reservoir must prepare flood prevention materials in accordance with the requirements of 30 cubic meters of rocks, 30 cubic meters of gravel, 30 cubic meters of yellow sand, and 1,000 woven bags. All types of reservoirs in the county, no matter which place or department they are managed by, must strictly implement dispatching procedures and must put flood control and security first. Irrigation, power generation, breeding, and profit-making must obey flood control and security.

During the flood season, it is necessary to strengthen dam monitoring and track water and rain conditions throughout the process. Once a flood occurs, scientific dispatch must be carried out.

It is necessary to prepare a plan for the safe transfer of people downstream of the reservoir and prepare sufficient emergency supplies and equipment.