What should egg-laying ducks eat to increase their egg production rate?

Earthworms, vegetables, shrimps, fish and shrimps, millet, cornmeal, wheat, rice, cabbage, carrots, etc.

Egg-laying ducks need to pay attention to:

1. Egg-laying ducks are bold

Compared with young ducks, after the start of laying, they gradually become bolder. Dare to approach strangers.

2. Egg-laying ducks eat a lot and have a good appetite

Whether they are raised in captivity or pasture, egg-laying ducks (especially high-yielding ducks) are the most diligent in foraging and wake up early in the morning. After leaving the barn, it looks for food everywhere. When grazing, it is the first to respond and eager to grab food. When it is harvested or moved into the barn in the afternoon, although it is full, it still wants to eat. It always walks on Finally, reluctant to leave the pastoral area.

3. Egg-laying ducks have a docile temperament and like to stay away from other groups

After laying eggs, ducks become docile in temperament. After entering the duck house, they lie down alone and rest quietly. , does not run around and bark, goes out to graze, and likes to be alone.

4. Egg-laying ducks have a strong metabolism and have high feed requirements.

Due to continuous egg laying, they consume a lot of nutrients. For example, if one egg is laid every day, the egg weight is calculated as 65g. It requires 8.75g of crude protein (calculated based on the crude protein content of a whole egg being 13.5%) and 9.43g crude fat (calculated based on the crude fat content accounting for 14.5% of the whole egg). In addition, a large amount of inorganic salts and various vitamins are needed. If the nutrients in the feed are not comprehensive or lack certain elements, the egg production will decrease, such as the number of eggs decreases, the egg laying time is delayed, the egg shells are rough, or the duck weight decreases, the feathers are loose, loss of appetite, slow reaction, and fear of going into the water. wait. Therefore, laying ducks require higher quality feed.

5. Egg-laying ducks require a quiet environment and a regular life

Under normal circumstances, ducks lay eggs at 1 to 2 o'clock in the middle of the night. At this time, it is quiet and there is no noise. , most suitable for the special requirements of duck breeding offspring. If the light suddenly stops at this time (power outage or the kerosene lamp is blown out by the wind) or someone approaches, it will cause a commotion and panic, which will affect egg production. At other times except egg laying time, the operating procedures and breeding environment should be kept as stable as possible. Outsiders are not allowed to enter and leave the duck house at will, and all kinds of birds and animals are prevented from escaping in and out of the house. In terms of the management system, when to release ducks, when to feed, and when to rest, they are all strictly implemented in a certain order. For example, changing the number of feeding meals or greatly adjusting the feed variety will affect the physiological functions of the ducks, resulting in reduced production or Discontinued.

Environmental requirements:

①Lighting: For laying ducks, the length of lighting time is also closely related to egg production. The main function of light is to promote the maturation of follicles for ovulation. Therefore, during the breeding period, the purpose of controlling the light time is to prevent young ducks from maturing too early; when they are about to enter the laying period, the light time should be gradually increased and the light intensity should be increased to promote the development of the ovaries, achieve the timely start of egg production, and enter egg laying. After the peak period, the light regime (light time and light intensity) must be stabilized in order to maintain continuous high yield.

The light intensity during the egg-laying period is preferably 5 to 8 lux. For example, if the height of the light bulb is 2 meters above the ground, it is generally calculated as 1.3 to 1.5 watts per square meter of duck house. A duck house of about 18 square meters will be equipped with a A 25w light bulb. In actual use, bulbs above 60W are usually not used because large bulbs have uneven light distribution and consume electricity. Fluorescent lamps are greatly affected by temperature and are generally not used. The light bulb must be covered so that the light shines on the duck and not on the ceiling. There is a lot of dust in the duck house, so the light bulbs should be wiped frequently and kept clean to avoid being covered with dust and affecting the brightness.

It usually takes 7 to 10 days for the effects of light to appear. Therefore, during the laying period, you cannot suddenly increase the number of light hours or increase the light intensity because you cannot achieve immediate effects. Generally, each increase does not exceed 1 hour, and it should be stable for 5 to 7 days after the increase.

The principle of lighting when entering the laying period is: it should only be gradually extended until it reaches 16 to 17 hours of lighting every day and night. The lighting should not come and go, come early and come late, and the light intensity should not be strong and weak. Only gradually increase the intensity, otherwise the physiological functions of laying ducks will be disturbed and the egg production rate will be affected.

A reasonable lighting system can enable young ducks to start laying eggs in a timely manner and increase the egg production of egg-laying ducks; an unreasonable lighting system can advance or delay the sexual maturity of young ducks, causing egg-laying ducks to Reduced production and suspension of production may even cause moulting.

②Temperature: The most suitable temperature for laying ducks is 13~20℃, when the egg production rate and feed utilization rate are at their best. Therefore, it is necessary to create conditions as much as possible, especially windproof and heat preservation work in winter, to provide an ideal egg-laying environment temperature to obtain the highest egg production rate.

Replacement breeding ducks are raised until they are close to laying eggs, and then selected. Those that meet the requirements are transferred to the adult breeding duck stage for feeding and management during the laying period; those that do not meet the requirements are processed as vegetable ducks. The purpose of raising egg-laying ducks is to produce more eggs, have high fertilization and hatching rates of eggs, and to ensure strong ducklings. The feeding and management of laying ducks can be divided into two methods: half pasture and half house and mainly house feeding.

The feeding and management of half-grazing and half-house:

The grazing of egg-laying ducks mainly uses rivers, lakes, farmland and other natural pastures with abundant animal feed and green feed. Breed ducks, and strengthen feeding, try to meet the nutritional needs of egg laying, so as to give full play to its egg-laying potential. In pasture-raising egg-laying ducks, the breeding ducks are left in the wild most of the day to allow the ducks to move, forage and mate; in order to increase the fertilization rate. Due to the different climate conditions, natural feed quantity, and egg laying conditions of the ducks throughout the year, the feeding and management of each season are also different.

(1) Spring. The southern provinces have a mild climate, which is the peak breeding season for female ducks. The egg production rate can reach more than 85%, and the amount of grazing and wandering activities is also large every day. However, the climate warms in spring and natural feed gradually increases. Therefore, grazing plus supplementary feeding can be used. Method: Appropriate supplementary feeding of grains, bran wheat and animal protein feeds, preferably full-price feeds, to increase egg production and ensure egg quality. Feed them about 70% full before going out for grazing in the morning, and try to feed them as full as possible in the evening. If you don't go back to the shed at noon, you can replenish food in the pasture.

(2) Summer. In early summer, the egg production of ducks is still high, but there is a trend of weight loss. In order to extend the laying time, grazing must be strengthened, try to use natural feed and extend the grazing time, go out early and return late every day, pay attention to heatstroke at noon, and do not let the ducks When floating in hot shallow water, ducks should be rushed to a shaded place to rest, so as not to affect egg production. There are many storms in summer, so the ducks should be driven back to the duck house before the thunderstorm or to a place sheltered from the wind to rest. During the summer harvest period, they spend the morning and afternoon in the rice (wheat) fields looking for leftover grains; at noon, they rush to deep rivers or ponds to swim; after harvesting in the evening, they replenish food appropriately depending on their hunger and fullness, and stay in the sports field to rest until late at night when the weather conditions are good. After cooling down, rush back to the house. In late summer, many female ducks undergo physiological moulting and stop producing feathers, so forced moulting must be carried out in a planned manner.

(3) Autumn Ducks that have undergone artificial forced moulting in summer have begun to resume egg production, which is the second peak of egg production in the whole year. Autumn is also the late rice harvest season. During the autumn harvest period, ducks are released into the fields to forage for leftover grains, which can reduce the need for additional feed. However, after late autumn, aquatic plants gradually decrease and animal feed is lacking. It is necessary to increase the amount of supplementary feed appropriately, and feed compound feed or bean cakes, fish meal, etc. at night to increase the egg production rate and extend the egg production period.

(4) In winter, more feed should be added to ducks that are laying eggs so that they can lay more eggs. Even if they stop laying eggs, some concentrates should be added so that the laying ducks will not become too thin during the winter. , lay a good foundation for egg production in the coming spring. After winter, the climate turns colder and grazing time should be reduced. Grazing is postponed in the morning, harvesting is done early in the afternoon, and the animals are put into the house early in the evening to avoid the cold. Try to choose a leeward and sunny area for grazing ducks. Ducks do not move much in winter, so you should drive them frequently to increase their movement. You should also drive ducks in the duck house at night, which is beneficial to reducing the fatness of breeding ducks. In winter, the ducks are generally fed three times a day, and once in the morning before grazing, and the ducks are fed. The supplements are mainly cereals, with appropriate amounts of animal feed and green feed.

Feeding and management based on pen feeding:

Generally, meat-type breeds mostly use pen feeding as the main feeding method. Breeding duck houses should be built across rivers and ponds, or artificial pools should be set up for bathing, exercise and mating. When feeding in a shed, the diet should be matched according to the egg production rate. When laying ducks are too fat, the amount of green feed can be increased. When there is a shortage of green feed, add 10 grams of multivitamins per 50 kilograms of compound feed.

Peking ducks are generally fed three times a day, once in the evening during the peak season, and twice a day during the off-production period. Each duck needs about 200 grams of compound feed every day. Shelducks are generally fed twice a day, and each duck requires about 120-130 grams of compound feed per day. In terms of management, it is necessary to do a good job in preventing colds in winter and early spring; in spring, they can do more activities outside the house; in summer, a shed can be built in the sports ground to prevent heatstroke and cool down. The duck house should be ventilated and cool, and the ducks can be allowed to sleep in the sports ground at night in midsummer. ; During the moldy rain season, it is necessary to supplement the light appropriately, pay attention to moisture-proofing to prevent the feed from getting moldy and deteriorating, change the bedding frequently, and keep the duck house dry. Clean feed troughs and drinking fountains every day; in autumn, as the days become shorter, additional light can be provided in the morning or evening. Supplementary light and natural light should reach 16 hours per day and night.

The temperature difference between day and night is large in autumn, so you should pay attention to sudden changes in temperature; in winter, you should pay attention to cold protection and do a good job in insulation. In sunny weather, the ducks can be allowed to move outside the house. Before releasing the ducks, the windows inside the house should be gradually opened. When the temperature inside and outside the house is close, the ducks can then be released outside the house to avoid catching a cold.

When raising in the house, water should be released regularly and regularly to avoid affecting egg production and causing a reduction in production. Artificial pools should be replaced with clean water frequently to prevent the water from becoming rancid and affecting the health of the ducks.

To avoid catching cold, the duck house should be built in a sunny, cool and dry place with leeward direction, and the bedding of hay or dry furnace ashes should be changed frequently, and the house temperature should be controlled above 5 degrees Celsius.

Supplementary lighting should ensure about 15 hours of lighting every day to promote egg maturation. One 40-watt light bulb is installed every 15 square meters, the height of the lamp head is 2 meters away from the duck body, and the distance between the lamps is 3 meters.

Suitable density per square meter of area: 6-8 feathers on the ground, 8-10 feathers on the net, and 20 feathers in cages to help the laying ducks keep each other warm.

When the egg production rate of supplementary feeding with concentrated feed is about 60%, supplementary feeding should be done 3 times a day; when the egg production rate is above 80%, feed 4 times, and the amount of feed should be increased accordingly. Each laying duck should be fed 100-100g per day. 200 grams of feed, but do not change the feed variety, let alone feed too much grains, and add some green feed and roughage accordingly.

The "Noisy Ducks" should be performed at least 4 times a day, which is to gently shout all the ducks in the shed to get up, and then slowly drive the ducks to move in a circle, at least 5 times each time. To increase the amount of exercise and strengthen the body.

Flexible use of water. On sunny days, it is advisable to take a bath in the water around 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. for about 10 minutes; on cloudy and windless days, take a bath once in the morning and not in the afternoon.

Add food at night. In winter, the days are short and the night is long, and the temperature is low at night. You can add warm food once, which will not only increase the duck's nutrition, but also help the duck keep out the cold and increase the egg production rate.

To prevent stress, the pen should be kept quiet every day. During the day, night, especially in the early morning, it is forbidden to be attacked and stimulated by dogs, cats, rats, firecrackers, etc., to prevent the laying ducks from being stressed and disrupting the ovulation pattern, or even stopping production

Egg-laying ducks--Baidu Encyclopedia