Wenzhou bridge

From the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Wenzhou people throughout the dynasties kept building bridges until one day, they thought of building roads. There is nothing wrong with this, but they gave up the original ideal of building a city and filled up the river, so the bridge became a redundant roadblock and was pressed underground by cement asphalt. Only the names of those bridges remained and became the names of new roads. There are many such names, such as Cang Qiao, Shuanglian Bridge, Gu Si Bridge, Bazi Bridge, Joop, Maima Bridge, Tofu Bridge, Deception Drum Bridge, Low Stool Bridge and Wan Li Bridge. In the past, some people strung Jiangjun Bridge, Xima Bridge, Shuixin Bridge, Approximate Bridge, Carp Bridge, Daoqian Bridge, Yufeng Bridge, Dalong Bridge, Doufu Bridge and Nanchan Bridge into a doggerel: "The general washed horses in Shui Xin, which is similar to carp yue longmen. Yufeng played gong bridge in front of the road, and Doufu asked Nanchan in front of him." Quite interesting. Bridges in Wenzhou can also be connected by numbers: the first bridge, the second bridge, the third and third slab bridges, the fourth and fourth ancient bridges, the fifth and fifth horse streets, the sixth peak bridge, the seventh and seventh Buddha bridges, the eighth splayed bridge and the ninth mountain bridge. Bridges in Wenzhou are also named after official positions, such as Champion Bridge, Shi Yu Bridge, Bangyan Bridge and Jiangjun Bridge. Some bridges are named after people, such as Zhongshan Bridge, Gaogong Bridge, Saburo Bridge and Tofu Bridge. Some are named after commerce or handicrafts, such as selling duck bridge, selling hemp bridge and Tibetan drum bridge; In the name of eating, such as Sesame Bridge and Sugar Cake Bridge; There are also lucky ones, such as Guangli Bridge, Wan Li Bridge and Wangzeng Bridge. Other bridges include Long Wan Li Bridge, High Gao Qiao Bridge, Low Stool Bridge, Hot Stove Bridge, Cold Curling Bridge and others, such as Qingming Bridge, Feixia Bridge, Sunshine Bridge and Snowflake Bridge. These bridge names can interpret the story of a small town, reflecting the folk customs of the town, and both these allusions and customs are full of poetry. From the names of these bridges, we can see the materialistic ideological characteristics of Wenzhou people who attach importance to justice and interests.

The following are specific ancient bridges in Wenzhou:

Wanqiao is located in Wanqiao Village, Tiancheng Township, Yueqing. Yuan You started construction in the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1087), which took eight years to complete. It was rebuilt in the eighth year of Xuande in Ming Dynasty (1433). It was named in memory of its founder Wan Gui. It is a five-span, five-sinus stone arch bridge with a total length of 57.82 meters, spanning over Chishui Port. The bridge stone is red, and the bridge deck is covered with piles and platforms. There are 265,438+0 sentry boxes on both sides of the tree, with lotus relief on the stigma and a pair of sentry boxes on both sides in the middle, and the stigma is carved with squatting stone lions; On both sides of the bridge, there are 20 railings with a length of 2.42 meters and a height of 0.43 meters, and the inner side of the middle railing is embossed with double dragon play beads. There are a pair of drum-hugging stones at each end of the bridge. The two outer sides of the middle-hole bridge slab are embedded with "Wanqiao" stone forehead.

Dongandong Bridge is located in Hufeng Street, Ruian City. It was built in the Song Dynasty, rebuilt in the early Ming Dynasty and renovated in five years (1740), and now it is well preserved. It is a single-hole granite stone arch bridge with arch span 19.2 1 m, clear span of 4.53 m and width of 2 1.58 m, and it is built side by side in longitudinal sections. There are Hu Feng Pavilion and Zhuang Ji Temple on the bridge deck. The pavilion asks three questions wide and one question deep; When the temple entered the second position, the main hall was five rooms wide, and the stage was built before Wen Ming, all of which were wooden buildings in the late Qing Dynasty.

The bridge is located in Daqiao Village, Yanglin Township, Xianjiang, Ruian. Founded in the fourth year of Chongning in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 105), the investor is Wu Jiusan Niang. It is a two-span beam stone bridge, with a span of 1 1.6m, a deck width of 1.6m, a middle hole of 4.2m, and two east and west holes of 3.7m each. Each hole is paved with four bridge slabs with seven stone steps. The side of the middle-hole north-south bridge plate is engraved with the date of construction and the inscription of investors. There are four cube pillars at each joint of the pier.

Ancestral Temple Bridge is located in Shen 'ao Village, Xin 'ao Township, Tangxia, Rui 'an, and was built in Daguan period of Northern Song Dynasty (1107 ~10). It is a three-hole beam stone bridge with a span of11.25m, a middle hole of 4.85m, a left hole of 3.2m and a right hole of 3.2m, and a bridge deck of1.35m. Each hole is paved with three bridge slabs. The outer side of the stone slab of the East-West Bridge in Zhongdong is engraved with the inscription of the year of construction and the person who built the bridge. There are 3 cubic columns with side feet at each joint of the pier; The inscription "Masonry Sun An" is engraved on the face.

Bagua Bridge is located in Feng Tao Village, Feng Tao Town, Taoshan, Ruian, and was built in Xichun period of Southern Song Dynasty (1174 ~1189). It is a five-hole beam stone bridge with a total span of 25.4 meters and a deck width of 2.35 meters. Span of each hole: the middle hole is 6.24m, and the north and south holes are 5.20m and 3.13m respectively. There are five bridge plates on each hole, and the front is polished and engraved with patterns. There are five cubic columns in each joint of the pier, and the left and right columns have a large inclination. There are five columns in each row on both sides of the two joints of the left and right piers of the middle hole. Liang Shi 1 is placed on the shelf to prevent the water from flowing directly to the piers, which is quite unique.

Liang Shi Bridge is located in Si Qian Village, Tengqiao Town, ouhai district. It was built in the eighth year of Southern Song Dynasty (1 172) and the sixth year of Xichun (1 179). It is a three-hole beam stone bridge with a span of 33.3 meters and a deck width of 3.9 meters. The pier is made of stone, and the two ends protrude 3 meters to form a triangle. Five Liang Shi are laid side by side on each bridge deck, each 9 meters long, 0.5 meters thick and weighing about 6 tons. They are floating and floating in the tide and have not been repaired for hundreds of years. On both sides of the bridge, the dates of construction and completion and the names of investors were inscribed in calligraphy.

Yongqing Bridge is located at the foot of snake pit in Yantou Town, Yongjia. It was founded in the third year of Qingyuan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 197). It is a three-girder stone bridge with a total length of12.65m, a width of 3.6m and a height of 4m. The two ends of the pier are made of stone, with two rows of stone bridge columns in the middle, each with roots, and a stone at the top to support the bridge deck. The bridge deck is divided into three sections, and each section is paved with eight long slate wells; The date of bridge construction and the name of the donor are transversely engraved on both sides of the middle bridge plate. It is still intact and strong.

Sanjiaoqiao is located in Xuezhai Village, Sankui Town, Taishun, and is named after the earliest three giant trees crossing the river in Taiyuan. It was built on September 13th in the 7th year (1 137) in Shaoxing, and rebuilt in the 23rd year (1843) in Daoguang. Now it is a wooden stoplog arcade bridge. The total length is 26.63m, and the width above the water surface is10m. There are 1 1 bridge houses on it, and there are five beams in the bay. The stigma is arched, and the petal head is disc-shaped lotus. In recent years, the bridge house has been demolished, and the old tiles with the year of "Zhenguan" have been demolished.

Dizang Bridge is in front of Renzhai in Lucheng today. It was founded in the 16th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1678). It is a seven-hole beam stone bridge with a total length of 36 meters, a width of 145 meters and a middle hole of 6 meters high. The whole bridge is arched, with three holes in the middle for ships to pass, and the years of bridge construction and maintenance are engraved on both sides of the bridge deck.

Sixi East Bridge is located at the head of Xiaqiao Village, sixi town, Taishun, and was built in the 10th year of Qing Qianlong (1745). The total length is 40m, the width is 6m, and it is 9.5m above the water surface. There are bridge houses 15 seats. Without piers, it is quite rare to form a wooden arch with splayed legs with thick wooden frames.

Shishui Bridge is located in Dongxi Village, Shiyang Township, Taishun. It was built in the 60th year of Qianlong (1795) and rebuilt in the 5th year of Jiaqing (1820). The total length is130m, and there are 22 1 steps. Each step is made of two flat stones and divided into two levels in parallel. With exquisite materials and large span, it is the prototype of the original bridge.

Xuezhai Bridge, also known as Jinxi Bridge, is located in Xuezhai Village, Sankui Town, Taishun. It was founded in the sixth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1856). It is a stoplog arcade bridge, with a total length of 565,438+0m, a width of 5.65,438+0m, a single span of 29m, a height of 65,438+00.5m above the water surface, 65,438+05 bridge towers, a bridge head slope of 30m, a large arch vector slope, a simple and unique shape and a magnificent momentum. Rebuilt on 1986