What are the items of fetal malformation examination?

The purpose of prenatal examination is to let doctors know the health status of pregnant women and children in time, so that doctors can make relevant plans for pregnant women. The production plan has a certain basis. And in normal times. You can often know the specific situation of the fetus very clearly. If the fetus is deformed, the doctor will inform the parents in time. So, what are the items of fetal malformation examination?

What are the items of fetal malformation examination? Weight during pregnancy: The doctor measures the weight of the expectant mother, which is very important for the expectant mother to control the weight during pregnancy, because it is related to diseases such as diabetes and pregnancy-induced hypertension. And expectant mothers who gain too much weight will also grow faster in the abdomen, which will also cause the growth of stretch marks. Weight gain during pregnancy is generally 0.5- 1 kg per week.

Blood pressure: Measuring blood pressure can detect pregnancy-induced hypertension as early as possible, which is a common high-risk pregnancy symptom during pregnancy. Generally speaking, expectant mothers should measure their blood pressure every time they have a prenatal examination. Medically, the blood pressure value is "systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure". If the test value of expectant mother is ≥ 140/90mmHg, it belongs to hypertension.

B-ultrasound screening for fetal malformation: it is the most important item in the five-month pregnancy examination. The doctor will carefully observe the growth and development of the fetus through the B-ultrasound display. The measurement items include fetal head circumference, abdominal circumference, femoral length and spinal health. B-ultrasound can check whether pregnant women have group B streptococcus infection. Expectant mothers can also choose to do four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound, which can clearly see the baby's facial expression at this moment. This is also a more clear inspection method.

Obstetric examination: this is a selective examination method, mainly to understand the health status of the soft birth canal and pelvic organs of expectant mothers.

Urine test: The main items examined are white blood cells, urine volume, urine color, specific gravity, transparency and acid-base reaction.

In addition to the above examination items, expectant mothers can also consult during pregnancy according to their own situation. Expectant mothers can consult a doctor if they have any questions during pregnancy. Of course, expectant mothers must pay attention to maintaining a good mental state, relax and make relevant preparatory measures in advance, otherwise the test results will also be affected.

How to treat data anomalies? 1. Fetal head: Check whether the outline of the fetal head in the four-dimensional color Doppler report is complete, and if there is deformation or defect, it is abnormal; No hydrocephalus and no displacement of the midline of the brain are normal.

2. Double top diameter: This data can reflect the baby's "age" and his maturity. Under normal circumstances, the biparietal diameter of pregnant women from 26 weeks to 36 weeks of pregnancy increases by 0.22cm per week. Subsequently, the growth rate of double crown diameter slowed down and increased by about 0. 1cm per week. By analogy, a fetus with a normal value of 8- 10 cm is a full-term fetus.

3. Fetal heart: It is normal to have a fetal heart and a strong fetal heart; There are two kinds of weakness, that is, the fetus is sleeping or has abnormal conditions. The normal fetal heart rate is120 ――160 beats/min.

4. Umbilical cord: Generally speaking, umbilical cord will float in amniotic fluid. If you look at the umbilical cord from the neck of the fetus, at this time, the fetus is prone to the danger of umbilical cord around the neck.

5. Placenta: According to the changes of chorion, placental light spot and basement membrane, the placenta is divided into four maturity levels by four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound. The first trimester is grade 0, and the placenta is in the growing period. As the expectant mother's stomach gets bigger and bigger, the placenta becomes more and more mature. Under the examination of four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound, it can be found that the placenta gradually develops from grade I to grade III. Generally speaking, after 37 weeks of pregnancy, the placenta belongs to Grade III. It can be judged that placental grade ⅲ is fetal maturity.

6. Femoral length: Generally speaking, it is the length of the femur, and its value should be within 2 cm from the biparietal diameter in the pregnancy month.

7. Fetal movement: there is fetal movement, which is strong and normal; No or weak may be fetal sleep or abnormality, and other items should be comprehensively analyzed.

8. Amniotic fluid: usually the depth is 3-7cm, too much above 7cm and too little below 3cm, both of which are unfavorable to the fetus.

9. Spine: If it is continuous, it is normal; if it is defective, it is abnormal. If there is abnormality, it is necessary to doubt whether the spine is deformed.

10. Lip and palate: Continuity is normal.

1 1. Double renal pelvis: When the diameter of double renal pelvis is greater than 0.6cm, pregnancy should be terminated wisely and further examination is needed. Re-examine and judge carefully within 1 hour or even within one week after B-ultrasound finds abnormality.