The development history of the medical industry

1. History of the development of Chinese medicine

The pharmaceutical industry is closely related to human life. As long as life continues, the development of the pharmaceutical industry will never stop. As difficult and stubborn diseases continue to appear in the process of human survival and development, the pharmaceutical industry is prompted to continue to conduct scientific and technological research. Therefore, the pharmaceutical industry is a rising industry that is constantly moving forward and will never mature; it is also a high-tech, high-investment, high-risk, and high-return industry.

According to calculations, the demand elasticity coefficient of medical and health care products is 1.37, that is, when living standards increase by 1 percentage point, medical consumption levels increase by 1.37 percentage points.

It can be seen that the growth rate of medical consumption level is higher than the growth rate of residents’ living standards. Pharmaceutical products are the ultimate products that are directly oriented to consumers. They are transferred to consumers through hospitals or medical stores and immediately enter the field of consumption. Therefore, they are directly affected by the medical and health care needs of residents. That is to say, the improvement of residents' living standards will soon be reflected in the The demand for medical and health care products has increased, and the latter has increased more than the former. The rapid expansion of the health care products market in the past two or three years is an example.

my country is the largest developing country in the world, accounting for 20% of the world's population. It is expected that China's population will grow to 1.3 billion by 2000 and 1.4 billion by 2010; the natural growth of the population and The gradual aging of society has increased the demand for medicine. In particular, 80% of the rural population currently only enjoys 20% of the medical, health and pharmaceutical resources. With the development of the rural economy and the improvement of farmers' living standards, people's awareness of medical care continues to increase, giving the rural pharmaceutical market a strong foundation. expansion potential. From a per capita level, the pharmaceutical consumption level of Chinese residents is still low. In 1994, my country's per capita drug consumption was US$7, which was only 1.6% of Japan's, 2.2% of France's, and 2.3% of the United States. It was also far behind Poland, Mexico, South Africa and other countries, and was at a low level in the world. Therefore, the growth of my country's pharmaceutical market The growth rate must be higher than the growth rate of the international pharmaceutical market. Especially with the enrichment of residents' medical health knowledge and the development of pharmaceutical business, the market demand for over-the-counter drugs will grow greatly. This is the basic background for the sustainable development of my country's pharmaceutical industry.

The pharmaceutical industry in a broad sense involves chemicals, traditional Chinese medicines, medical devices, health materials, pharmaceutical trade, etc. The pharmaceutical industry and listed companies discussed in this article mainly Refers to enterprises that produce pharmaceuticals (including Chinese and Western medicines).

2. History of the development of Chinese medicine

Popular history of Chinese medicine

- Ren Yingqiu

Working people created medicine - the earliest evolution of medicine

The beginning of the division of medicine in the motherland - the development of medicine in the Yin and Zhou Dynasties

The outstanding doctor who opposed superstition - Bian Que, a famous doctor in the Zhou Dynasty

Moving towards the direction of prevention first ——Ancient health and epidemic prevention measures

The first discovery of blood circulation——The contribution of the "Nei Jing" in anatomy and physiology

The first surgeon to use anesthesia for major surgery - a famous doctor in the Han Dynasty Hua Tuo

The great clinical physician - Zhang Zhongjing's "Treatise on Febrile Diseases"

The further development of pulse-taking and acupuncture - the achievements of Wang Shuhe and Huang Fumi

Infectious disease expert - Ge Zhichuan, a famous doctor in the Jin Dynasty

Doctor who attached great importance to maternal and child health care - Sun Simiao and the "Qianjin Prescription"

Period of academic exchanges of Chinese and foreign medicine - from Han Dynasty To the Tang Dynasty (206 BC ~ 907 AD)

The development of medical education and image teaching - the period from Liu Song to Zhao Song

The establishment of hospitals - ward

The debate in medical science - the four great masters of the Jin and Yuan Dynasties

The pioneer of cowpox vaccination - the invention and spread of variolation

The world-renowned pharmacologist - —Li Shizhen and "Compendium of Materia Medica"

The content of infectious disease treatment has been enriched - the achievements of the damp-heat school

Doctors who attach great importance to autopsy - Wang Qingren and "Medical Forest Correction"

The achievements of Wu Shangxian, an expert in physical therapy 3. The development history of my country's medical industry in the 60 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China "Relevant"

From 1978 to 2007, my country's economy has achieved leapfrog development , the GDP increased from 364.52 billion yuan to 24661.9 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of nearly 10%, and the economic aggregate jumped to the fourth place in the world; major agricultural products such as grain, cotton, meat, steel, coal, chemical fertilizers, and cement The output of industrial and industrial products ranks first in the world; the total import and export trade volume increased from 20.64 billion US dollars to 2.1738 billion US dollars, becoming the world's third largest trading country; foreign exchange reserves increased from 167 million US dollars to 1.5282 billion US dollars, ranking first in the world; the per capita urban residents The disposable income increased from 343.4 yuan to 13,786 yuan; the per capita net income of farmers increased from 133.6 yuan to 4,140 yuan. At the same time, political construction, cultural construction, and social construction have also achieved world-renowned achievements. The comprehensive national strength has been significantly enhanced, the international status has been continuously improved, and the socialist modernization drive has entered a new stage of development.

Over the past 60 years, our country has solved the problem of food and clothing for 1.3 billion people, basically achieved a moderately prosperous level, and reduced the number of poor people from 200 million to more than 20 million in 60 years. The success of one country, two systems, the spectacular construction of the Three Gorges Project, the feat of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft ascending to heaven, the success of the development of the western region, the complete success of the Olympic Games, the "reunion" of the three links across the Taiwan Strait... Countless great achievements are displayed in front of us, inspiring As we move towards the next 60 years! 4. The development history of clinical medicine

The development history of clinical medicine:

1. Modern times

During the Renaissance in the 16th century, medical stereotypes were broken and the emergence of Human Anatomy. In the 17th century, physiology was established. In the 18th century, pathological anatomy was established. In the 19th century, cytology and bacteriology made great progress. Basic medicine and clinical medicine have gradually become two independent disciplines. Great progress in mathematics, biology, physics, chemistry, etc. has laid a solid foundation for the emergence of modern clinical medicine.

Sydenham T. (1624-1689), a doctor in the 17th century, proposed: "What is most directly related to doctors is neither the practice of anatomy nor the experiment of physiology, but the For patients suffering from diseases, the doctor's task is to first correctly ascertain the nature of the pain, that is, to observe the patient's condition, and then to study anatomy, physiology and other knowledge to derive the explanation and treatment of the disease. "Siedenham. The appeal gained people's support, and doctors began to return to patients to engage in clinical observation and research. Sydenham is also known as the "Father of Clinical Medicine".

In the 18th century, clinical teaching emerged.

Leiden University has set up dedicated beds for clinical teaching in the hospital. Clinical physician Boerhave H. (1668-1738) made full use of the teaching bed to carry out bedside teaching and pioneered the Clinical Pathology Conference (CPC).

During this period, the biomedical model gradually formed. This model views health as a balance between the host, the environment, and the cause. Every disease can be treated by finding measurable morphological and/or chemical changes in organs, cells, and biological macromolecules to determine the biological and/or physical causes.

2. Modern

Under the influence of the third technological revolution, medicine underwent three revolutions in the 20th century, giving rise to modern clinical medicine.

The first revolution occurred from the 1930s to the 1950s, marked by the discovery of sulfa drugs, the discovery of antibiotics and the large-scale production of penicillin.

The second revolution occurred in the 1970s, marked by the invention and application of computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The third revolution occurred in the late 1970s and was marked by the use of genetic engineering to produce biological products (such as somatostatin, insulin, growth hormone, interferon, and hepatitis B vaccine).

With the development of pharmacology, therapeutics, molecular biology, immunology, medical genetics, organ transplantation technology, infectious diseases, medical imaging and other disciplines, the biomedical model gradually evolved in the 1970s. Transition to the bio-psycho-social medical model, which comprehensively views health and disease from the three factors of biology, psychology and society, and implements comprehensive treatment from multiple aspects.

Modern clinical medicine has formed distinctive features such as specialization, international development, technological modernization, and interdisciplinary interpenetration. It is increasingly closely related to social medicine and general medicine, and has become the basis for human beings to fight against diseases. The most important weapon.

3. The future

As a science that directly combats diseases, clinical medicine will play a more important role in the future. There are four specific development trends:

The application of molecular biology to transform clinical medicine, the cross-integration of clinical medicine with various disciplines, the combination of clinical medicine and preventive medicine, and geriatric medicine have become important research topics in clinical medicine. 5. Development history of medical devices

The medical device industry involves many industries such as medicine, machinery, electronics, plastics, etc. It is a multi-disciplinary, knowledge-intensive, and capital-intensive high-tech industry.

The basic characteristics of high-tech medical equipment are digitization and computerization. It is the crystallization of multi-disciplinary and cross-field modern high technology. Its products have high technical content and high profits. Large companies compete with each other for the commanding heights and have high barriers to entry. Even in sub-sectors with low overall gross profit margins and low investment, products with higher technological content will continue to appear, and some companies with strong profitability will emerge from them.

Therefore, the overall trend of the industry is high investment and high return. Medical imaging equipment is an indispensable component of hospital medical equipment and an important manifestation of the hospital's comprehensive strength. It not only provides important guarantees for clinical diagnosis and treatment, but also provides an important platform for clinical scientific research.

As a comprehensive platform, imaging equipment plays an important role in promoting the development of hospitals. With the development of my country's medical industry and the upgrading of some hospital equipment, the market demand for medical imaging diagnostic equipment in my country has grown sharply in recent years, which has objectively promoted the development of my country's medical imaging diagnostic equipment industry. In the process of rapid development, Some companies have continued to grow and develop, forming a certain degree of competitiveness. The market share of domestically produced medical imaging diagnostic equipment has increased.

About 15% of the medical devices in primary medical and health institutions across the country are products from around the 1970s, and 60% are products before the mid-1980s. The process of their upgrading is also A process of demand release will ensure the rapid growth of China's medical device market in the next 10 years or even longer. With the deepening of reform and opening up, increasing national support and accelerating global integration, China's medical device industry has developed by leaps and bounds.

Medical devices are an important part of the pharmaceutical industry. For consumers, the configuration of medical machinery in medical institutions is second only to the standard used by doctors to judge medical institutions. The country has also devoted a lot of effort to the development of the medical device industry, but to this day, the competitiveness of local companies in the field of high-end products in my country's medical device industry is still vulnerable.

The medical device industry is a multi-disciplinary, knowledge-intensive and capital-intensive high-tech industry with high entry barriers. The overall level of medical equipment in Chinese medical institutions is still very low. Among the medical devices and equipment in primary medical and health institutions across the country, about 15% are products from around the 1970s, and 60% are products before the mid-1980s. , their upgrading process is also a process of demand release, which will ensure the rapid growth of China's medical device market in the next 10 years or even longer.

With the deepening of reform and opening up, the continuous increase of national support and the acceleration of global integration, China's medical device industry has developed by leaps and bounds. The "China Medical Device Industry Market Forecast and Investment Forecast Analysis Report - Forecast" shows that in 2005, China has become the world's third largest medical device market after the United States and Japan.

In 2006, China's medical device import and export volume exceeded the 10 billion U.S. dollar mark for the first time, with a total import and export value of 10.552 billion U.S. dollars, a year-on-year increase of 17.57%, and a cumulative surplus of 3.190 billion U.S. dollars. In 2007, China's total import and export of medical devices was US$12.697 billion, a year-on-year increase of 20.33%, and the annual trade surplus was US$4.133 billion.

Although there is a gap between China's medical device industry and developed countries, the speed of development of China's medical devices has attracted the attention of the world. China's latest research and development of medical device products are also at the forefront of the international medical device industry.

In the next few years, China will surpass Japan and become the world's second largest medical equipment market. By 2010, China's total output value of medical devices will reach 100 billion yuan, and its share in the world's medical device market will account for 5%. By 2050, this share will reach 25%.

With the rapid improvement of the R&D capabilities of domestic enterprises and the shift of market focus from high technology to popularization, the competitiveness of domestic products is gradually increasing, providing rare opportunities for domestic manufacturers to expand the market. It is foreseeable that China's medical device industry will have huge room for development in the future.

In addition, in the context of the increasingly severe world financial crisis, in order to resist the adverse impact of the international economic environment on our country, the State Council executive meeting held on November 5, 2008 proposed the implementation of proactive fiscal policies and moderate easing monetary policy and introduced ten more powerful measures to expand domestic demand. On November 23, 2008, the Ministry of Health issued a notice, arranging a special investment of 4.8 billion yuan in the country's new central investment arrangement of 100 billion yuan to support the construction of rural health service systems.

"4.8 billion new investment in 2008" added 1.5 billion in rural medical equipment investment, plus "2006 "Plan"" added 6.771 billion new rural medical equipment investment, the two parts of the increase totaled 8.271 billion . This increase of 8.271 billion was mainly invested in the procurement of rural medical devices, mainly from 2008 to 2010.

Low-end medical equipment will face huge demand and become the first industry to benefit. The gap in professional talents in medical devices is relatively obvious in our country. For example, the design and research and development of some high-end products are basically based on foreign technologies, and the domestic market share in this area is only a small amount. These reasons lead to Mainly due to the lack of senior talents in this field in China, there is still a certain gap between my country and European and American countries in this area. At present, the domestic medical talents are mainly: medical device sales, medical device maintenance, medical device registration, medical device design, and structural engineers. , hardware and medical electronic engineers and polymer personnel, etc. There are tens of thousands of medical device companies in my country. By the end of 2011, there were nearly 900 companies above designated size in China's medical device industry, of which less than 2% were large companies and 148 were medium-sized companies. There are nearly 700 small enterprises, and countless enterprises below designated size.

The main talent mobility platforms include on-site job fairs, talent markets, and the Internet, etc., and the Internet has now become the main way for job seekers to find jobs, such as: comprehensive: 51job, China, Zhaopin; professional For example: Medical Talent Network is the first choice for contemporary job seekers. By 2010, the state's total investment in rural health service system construction projects will reach more than 20 billion yuan. 6. Who knows the history of the development of medicine?

Medicine has gone through a long and complicated road from the development of primitive society to the present. Its development is restricted by the level of productivity and production relations, and is also closely related to the progress of natural science and technology, as well as philosophical thought. development is closely related.

Archaeologists have discovered that the Yuanmou Man, unearthed in Yunnan, China, who lived 1.72 million years ago, could use stone tools and fire. The use of fire not only separated humans from animals, but also had great significance for hygiene.

In the long process of relying on plants for survival, humans have gradually become familiar with the nutritional, toxic and therapeutic effects of plants. In ancient China, medicine books were called "Materia Medica", and in English, medicines were called "drug" (that is, dried grass and trees). This shows that medicines originated from plants.

Some people think that the first drugs to be recognized were analgesics (plants of the nightshade family) and plants that are harmful to the digestive system. Different medicines were discovered in different regions. The Chinese found that rhubarb had a laxative effect and ephedra could relieve asthma; the Peruvians used cinchona to treat fever.

Due to the advancement of production tools and the invention of bows and arrows, humans began hunting and animal husbandry. With the development of hunting and animal husbandry, on the one hand, there are simple rescue methods for injuries, such as the treatment of wounds, fractures, and dislocations; at the same time, humans have become aware of the nutritional value of animals, and animal medicines (such as fat, blood, bone marrow, and various organs such as the liver) also appeared.

The livestock economy also enabled herdsmen to observe the effects of plants on animals, which in turn promoted the understanding of botanical medicines. For example, according to Greek historians, shepherds discovered hellebores.

The emergence of pottery and clay vessels made it possible to cook and roast medicines. In short, as long as there are humans, there will be medicine.

The origin of medical knowledge is the accumulation of human collective experience and is generated in the struggle against disease. The process of the development of simple medical knowledge into medicine and pharmacy was closely related to the local philosophical thoughts at that time. For example, Chinese medicine was influenced by the thought of yin and yang and the five elements, and Greek medicine was influenced by the thought of the four elements.

Ancient Medicine The first slave-holding countries were created on both sides of the great river basins. The Egyptians created their own cultural undertakings in the Nile River Basin, the Babylonians in the Tigris and Euphrates River Basins, the Indians in the Indus and Ganges River Basins, and the Chinese in the Yellow River Basin.

In slave society, productivity has taken a big step forward compared with primitive society. The labor of slaves made the division of labor possible and created conditions for the further development of culture and science. In slave society, "professional doctors" appeared.

In slave societies, one of the great cultural achievements was the invention of writing. With writing, ancient slave countries left behind a large number of medical documents.

With the development and consolidation of slave society, the religious color of medicine increased. China's "Shan Hai Jing" records: "Wu Peng", "Wu Da", "Wu Yang", etc. are all miraculous doctors; the medicine of India, Egypt, and Babylonia is also shrouded in a strong religious color.

Most of the medical documents in slave societies were written by monks. Therefore, these documents contain many elements of superstition.

Egyptian Medicine Around 4000 to 3000 BC, Egypt had formed a slave society and had a fairly developed culture. They believe that everything is dominated by God, so monks are also responsible for eliminating disasters and diseases for people, and religious and non-religious empirical medicine are mixed with each other.

In order to expel ghosts from the body, they used methods such as vomiting, purging, diuresis, and sweating, and the enema method was also known. Rich Egyptians preserved the remains of the deceased permanently because of their superstition. Since about 3000 BC, they have practiced corpse drying and smeared the corpse with spices and medicines to create a "mummy".

This is of great help to the understanding of human body structure, and has become a valuable material for modern research on ancient pathology. In addition, there are 5 or 6 types of ancient Egyptian medical books written in papyrus.

The famous ones are the Kahan Papyrus discovered in Egypt by the British archaeologist F. Petrie from 1888 to 1890. It was written between 2000 and 1800 BC and is about gynecology; the Smith Papyrus was written about 1700 BC and is about gynecology. Surgery; Ebers' Papyrus, written around 1550 BC, is a general treatise on medicine.

Medicine in India India formed a slave society from the end of 4000 BC to the beginning of 3000 BC. "Ashveda" records medicine and hygiene and is a relatively late work (6th century BC).

According to historical records, India's surgery is very developed, and it was possible to perform amputations, eye surgeries, nose surgeries, fetal foot inversion surgeries, caesarean sections, etc. as late as the 4th century AD; India In addition to using plant medicines, humans also use animal medicines and mineral medicines. Because there are so many venomous snakes in India, there are doctors who specialize in treating snake bites.

Indian medicine believes that health is the result of the normal coordination of the three primary substances of the body - Qi, mucus and bile. Later, the "extremity fluid theory" of Greek medicine influenced India, adding blood to the original three-body fluid theory, and became the "four major" theories.

The most famous surgeon in ancient India was Miao Wen (born about the 5th century BC), and the most famous physician was Jaraka (born about the 1st century AD). Babylonian and Assyrian Medicine At the end of 3000 BC and the beginning of 2000 BC, in the middle of the Mesopotamia, Babylon formed a slave state.

Assyria did not conquer Babylon until 700 BC. Babylonian and Assyrian astrology was closely related to medicine.

They believe that the structure of the body is in line with the movement of celestial bodies. This concept of the human body as a small universe is quite similar to ancient China. They attach great importance to the liver, believing that the liver is the main organ of the body, and it is used for divination (divination), and the livers of animals used in sacrifices are examined very carefully.

Around 1700 BC, the Babylonian King Hammurabi formulated the "Code", which contained provisions on medical law and was the world's earliest medical law. It stipulates: "If a slave dies or becomes blind due to a doctor's surgery, the doctor must compensate the slave owner for all or half of the slave's worth. If the person who is blind or dies is a gentleman, the doctor's hands will be cut off as a punishment."

Like Egypt, there were two types of doctors in Babylon. One was monks, whose treatment methods were incantations and prayers; the other was doctors with practical experience, who were civilians. Medicine in Ancient Greece In the 7th to 6th centuries BC, Greece entered a slave society from a primitive clan society. The Greeks absorbed the cultural advantages of Egypt and Babylonia, added their own creations, and made high achievements in all aspects of culture and science.

Greek medicine was the basis for the later development of medicine in Rome and throughout Europe. The medical symbols used by Europeans until now: the cane and the snake, originated from Greek medicine. 7. The history of the development of Western medicine

Overview of the development of Western medicine Regarding what Chinese people call Western medicine today, its full name is "Medicine in modern and modern Western countries". It originated in Western countries in the modern period and is It was developed by scholars from Western countries in modern times after they abandoned the medicine of ancient Western countries.

Because it originated in Western countries, we are accustomed to calling it Western medicine. In China in the past it was called New Medicine, as opposed to Old Medicine (Traditional Chinese Medicine).

After the Renaissance, Western medicine began to transform from empirical medicine to experimental medicine. In 1543, Vesalius published "On the Structure of the Human Body" and established human anatomy.

This not only shows the resurrection of an ancient discipline at a new level, but also marks the beginning of a new journey for medicine. The application of experiments and measurements in the 17th century put life science on a scientific track, marked by Harvey's discovery of blood circulation.

With the rise of experiments, many scientific instruments have appeared, and the microscope is one of them. The microscope has brought people to a new level of understanding. In the 18th century, Moganyi pushed the understanding of diseases from symptoms to organs, established pathological anatomy, and opened up the way for studying the biological causes of diseases. In addition, the invention of cowpox vaccination, some public health and social medicine The problem attracts people's attention.

By the mid-19th century, German pathologist Virchow advocated cytopathology, explaining the cause of disease as changes in cell form and structure.

Cell pathology confirmed the subtle material basis of the disease, enriched and developed morphological pathology, and opened up a new stage of pathology.

In the second half of the 19th century, Pasteur proved that fermentation and infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms. The German Koch (Koch R.) discovered Vibrio cholerae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Bacillus anthracis, etc., and improved Bacterial culture methods and bacterial staining methods, most of the major pathogenic bacteria were discovered during this period. Pasteur also used the method of weakening the virulence of microorganisms to conduct vaccine research first, thus establishing classical immunology. Later, the Russian Mechnikov (Mechnikovl I.) who worked at the Pasteur Institute systematically elaborated on the swallowing method. Phenomenon and immunity phenomenon of certain infectious diseases.

In clinical medicine, diagnostics made great progress in the 19th century, and the percussion method was widely used in clinical practice; Laennec R. invented the stethoscope; many auxiliary means for clinical diagnosis, such as blood pressure Measurement, body temperature measurement, and endoscopic examination all began to be used in the 19th century. After the mid-19th century, the development of anatomy and the application of anesthesia, antisepsis and asepsis played a decisive role in the development of surgery. From then on, other sciences began to develop rapidly.

In the late 19th century, body cavity surgery was generally developed, so in many clinical specialties (such as gynecology, urology, ophthalmology, etc.), in addition to medical treatment, surgical methods also gained an important position. In terms of pharmacology, in the early 19th century, some active ingredients of botanical medicines were extracted.

Aspirin was synthesized by the end of the 19th century, and the synthesis and refinement of various drugs continued to develop thereafter. In the 19th century, preventive medicine and medical countermeasures to protect health gradually became a matter of legislation and administration.

Labor hygiene, nutrition and food hygiene, and school hygiene emerged one after another. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, social hygiene was divided into hygiene. Its purpose was to study people's health, the causes of morbidity and mortality, and methods to combat them.

In addition, the British Nightingale (Nightingale F.) founded a nursing school in 1860 to spread her nursing ideas, improve the status of nursing, and make nursing a science.

Extended information: The Origin of Western Medicine In the early days of human history, medicine appeared in the form of philosophy.

Human beings have put forward various medical theories based on their understanding of their own bodies. Medicine in ancient Western countries originated from ancient Greece. Its founder was Hippocrates. The "four humors theory" of medicine in ancient Western countries believed that the human body is composed of blood, mucus, yellow bile, and black bile. Moreover, all parts are interconnected, and the body is filled with various liquids. The balance of these liquids is the basic condition for the survival of the body. Their balance is reflected in the complexion, temperament, and temperament; at the same time, the medicine of ancient Western countries It also emphasizes the interconnection between the mind and the body, the human body and nature, and attaches great importance to maintaining health, believing that health mainly depends on the influence of factors such as lifestyle, mental and emotional state, environment, diet, exercise, peace of mind, and willpower; the ancient West The country's medical system requires doctors to pay special attention to the particularity and uniqueness of each patient's individual health, so it focuses on the patient rather than the disease, and emphasizes active cooperation between patients and doctors.

By the seventeenth century, the "four humors" theory was under fierce attack because it was considered an empty theory without any material basis. Since then, scholars in Western countries have abandoned the medicine of ancient Western countries, adopted correct research methods, and developed a new medical system based on science and experiment in modern times. This discipline is modern and modern medicine. The medicine of Western countries is the Western medicine developed in various countries and nationalities around the world today.

The progress of science has made modern Westerners realize that nature has its own laws of motion, which cannot be explained according to people's wishes or conjectures. Instead, they can only be expressed in mechanical theory and in the language of geometry and mathematics. clear. This mechanistic view has greatly promoted the development of medicine. People began to believe that the discomfort of the body does not vary from individual to individual. In fact, any disease is caused by some kind of damage to the body and can be cured by drugs and surgery. or alleviate disease.