What's the name of a writer named Ke Jia?

Cang Kejia (1905. 10.8-) was born in Cheng Nuo. /kloc-Before the age of 0/8, he lived in the countryside of Jiaodong Peninsula. 65438-0923 entered the First Normal School of Jinan Province. Influenced by the May 4th Movement, he learned to write poems. 1925' s first novel "Bie Bie and the plough" contains "Yu Si". /kloc-in the autumn of 0/926, Kao Ren took part in the campaign against the reactionary army Xia Douyin at the Central Military and Political School. After the failure of the Great Revolution, he fled to the northeast. 1929 He entered the cram school of Qingdao University and published Tao Xin's Silent Night in the Woods. 1934 graduated from Chinese Department of National Shandong University. At school, Wen Yiduo and Wang Tongzhao encouraged and helped me to write new poems. 1932 published his first poem "Refugees" in the seventh issue of Volume 4 of New Moon. 1933 published the first book of poetry, Brand. Then he published two poems, Black Hands of Evil, Canal and a long poem, Self-portrait. From 65438 to 0936, Cang Kejia joined the Chinese Writers Association and was one of the pioneers of China's realistic new poetry. He inherited and developed the realistic tradition of new poetry from two aspects. First, he extended the singing of new poems to farmers and rural areas in old China. Before him, no poet could describe farmers and countryside so successfully. Secondly, he promoted the construction of China's modern narrative poems, that is, the blending of the poet's inner world and the outer world. Cang Kejia is a charming poet in China. He consciously absorbed nutrition from China's classical poems and modernized them, casting the China style of his works. His poems have implicit lyrical ways, emphasizing "hiding", poetry is outside the poem, and the pen has hidden front; His poems use a simple and refined way of speaking, which is refined and ingenious; His poems pursue a harmonious and pleasing musical way, and "knocking" is one of the criteria for Cang Kejia to refine Chinese characters. He seeks the harmony of syllables, sonorous and moving, and increases the aesthetic feeling of readers' hearing. In the history of the development of new poetry, there are few realistic poets with China style like Cang Kejia, which is worthy of further study in academic circles.

Appreciate this poem and grasp several key words: Cang Kejia; Realism; Chinese farmers

For the history of modern and contemporary literature in China, Cang Kejia is a rich existence, and his literary activities have lasted for more than 70 years. The Complete Works of Cang Kejia published at the end of 2002 has 12 volumes, with nearly 6.3 million words. Cang Kejia is an important page in the history of modern and contemporary literature in China and one of the pioneers of China's realistic new poems.

Cang Kejia is famous for his new poem, but his prose, covered by the title of this poem, has also made great achievements. It should be said that his prose and poetry are equally divided in the time and quantity of creation. Prose and memoirs, including Wild Shop, Frog, Meeting in the Cave, Sea, Fire and My Poetic Life, are a major topic for prose critics. In his later years, Cang Kejia was old and sick, unable to touch the fresh life, so he "turned his head upside down when he was old, and wrote more prose and less poetry". "I try my best to grasp prose to express the interest of my poems." [1] Cang Kejia's poems seldom tend to be dull; On the other hand, his prose pursues poeticization-it contains the soul of poetry, which establishes the flavor of Cang Kejia's prose. Some partisans even say that "writing is not as good as poetry".

From a horizontal perspective, first of all, it seems that children who know nothing about the world and have not sweated are not sad enough; The second time was the "sweaty" father, whose melancholy mood showed poetry; Finally, grandpa who died of sweating showed his sadness. The life of a peasant in the soil! From a vertical perspective, the three images of children-father-grandfather represent not only three generations, but also countless generations. This is the embodiment of the life track of farmers from generation to generation in China, and each image is highly summarized. The meticulous observation, profound thinking, ingenious writing and strong aftertaste are beyond the reach of other poets. This alone, the achievement of Cang Kejia, a "peasant poet", goes without saying.

Cang Kejia put great emphasis on writing only what he is familiar with, which is a major feature of his realism. On the relationship between "the needs of the times" and "knowing yourself", he emphasized the familiarity with the subject matter. Of course, with the changes of the times, poets should be familiar with the new and unfamiliar life in the past, which is complete realism. In the preface "A War in the Middle" written by him for Song of the Earth 1946 edition, he said: "When can I stop worrying, grieving and angry about their tragic fate and sing such unpleasant songs? When, let me sing a happy and liberated song for them-China farmers, in truth, just like they sing a sad song? " He was familiar with farmers in old China, so he wrote about farmers in old China. But he also longs for new people and a new world.

Cang Kejia is always attracted by the natural scenery of the countryside. As long as the conditions are met, his inspiration will come easily, so one excellent work will come out. 1942, he finished Song of the Earth, which is Cang Kejia's most important work besides the satisfaction of the brand and the poet himself. After the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, poets and writers reflected on their own creation-empty enthusiasm disappeared, high-profile cries became hoarse, and some poets and writers returned to familiar themes, looked at old themes with new aesthetic eyes and wrote new works in the new era. So Ba Jin wrote Spring (1939) and Autumn (1940). Cao Yu writes about Beijingers (1941); Mao Dun wrote that frost leaves are as red as February flowers (1943); Cang Kejia wrote his 1 1 poetry collection Song of the Earth. Compared with those urgent chapters that sing current affairs directly, Cang Kejia said: "I am best suited to sing such songs, but maybe I can only sing such songs." [16] 1944, when he edited Selected Poems of Ten Years, few works directly representing the bonfire of the Anti-Japanese War were selected.

Cang Kejia's poem is a philosophy brewed in lyricism, and it is a philosophical poem. Wen Yiduo once had an incisive conclusion, "There is not a poem of Ke family that does not have extremely real life significance." This "extreme truth" comes from the poet's philosophical summary of his concern and grasp of the essence of life. The "extremely true" lyric short poem "Three Generations" has simple, concise, cold and profound artistic characteristics.

1905, Cang Kejia was born in Zangjiazhuang, Zhucheng, Shandong. Zhucheng is on Jiaodong Peninsula. Is this Gulang County? Two thousand years ago, Qin Shihuang carved stones there during his eastern tour, and there is still a very famous post there? Carve stones. Zangjiazhuang is in the southwest of the city 18 miles. Is it lonely highland? Sitting on a hill, there are two green hills beside the village, one is Changshan Mountain and the other is Ma 'er Mountain. When Su Dongpo was in Mizhou, he went hunting in Changshan Mountain, leaving a poem "Try to sweep the North Taiwan to see horses".

Cang Kejia was born in a small and medium-sized landlord family. This is a feudal family, but the cultural atmosphere is very strong. His ancestors

My father and great-grandfather both had a modest "fame" in the Qing Dynasty. His father graduated from the School of Law and Politics. At the age of 8, his biological mother died, and his father suffered from lung disease and hemoptysis all the year round, and only lived to be 34 years old.

Due to the misfortune of his family, the poet had the opportunity to play with the children of poor families before entering private schools, thus gaining a deep understanding of the miserable and painful life of farmers. Because of the strong cultural atmosphere at home, he was interested in literature and art since he was a child. When the poet was second old, he could clearly remember some songs he heard as a child, such as:

Laoshan, with a long tail, married his daughter-in-law and forgot his mother. She carried her mother to the ravine, and her daughter-in-law carried her to the kang. She missed her mother when she went out to eat noodle soup. Her mother became an archer and touched the south wall and the north wall. 「HT」

Cang Kejia's grandfather and father both like poetry. Grandpa is serious and silent, which makes people afraid to approach, but as soon as he is happy to recite poems, his voice is full of emotion, and he enters the realm of poetry and becomes another person. When he was a child, his grandfather taught him to read ancient poems. Although Cang Kejia didn't know them at that time, he could recite them. What "drive away the oriole"; "Congjun"; "The foot of my bed is shining so brightly"; "A strong man is not yan dan"; What do you mean, "a teenager ran away from home, boss?" Back off "...? Grandpa writes well, too. Every year near the Spring Festival, Grandpa always writes his own Spring Festival couplets, and young Cang Kejia is responsible for pressing the paper. The couplets in the class change year after year, mostly for the old saying. Like "flowers are sincere and troublesome, but stones can't be the most pleasant"; Water is my friend, bamboo is my humble teacher "thousands of books is suitable for children, ten years of wood and wind smoke" and so on.

When Cang Kejia was about eight or nine years old, he went to a private school. When he was 12 years old, he went to a primary school in his village. During his years in a private school, he was able to remember more than 60 ancient texts. Longer ones such as Preface to Wang Tengting, Hanging the Ancient Battlefield, and Li Ling Answering Su Wude; Shorter ones, such as Humble Room Inscription and Reading Meng Changjun Biography. He later recalled: "After nearly 70 years, I can still recite it. When I was licking my bones, I began to understand the taste today and benefited a lot. "

In the first two years of junior high school, Mr. Sun Mengxing often spoke out: We are a great China with thousands of years of glorious history, but we are bullied by a small Japanese! And the authorities blindly forbear, making the country perish, and 40 million Chinese people will become conquered people! Cang Kejia listened with sadness and intense feelings. His young mind sowed the seeds of hatred of imperialism, which also inspired his strong patriotism.

19 19, the vigorous May 4th Movement broke out. This year, Cang Kejia 14 years old was admitted to the "No.1 Higher Primary School" in the county. On the occasion of summer and autumn, the Beijing Student Movement Organization sent Qiu, a local college student, back to his hometown to do propaganda and agitation work. Cang Kejia and his classmates followed him to the streets to publicize with flags, and went to the store to check Japanese goods, register them, seal them up and confiscate them.

Zhucheng county has two historic sites, one is the post station of Qin Shihuang. Monument, the other is Su Dongpo's "transcendental platform". The "transcendental platform" is the place that Cang Kejia often boarded. After thousands of years, life and death are separated from each other, and he seems to have something in common with Su Shi. Every time I visit this place, Cang Kejia has a bird's eye view of Weihe River in the north, "Ma 'er" in the south, Lushan Mountain in the east and Muling Mountain in the west, singing "The River of No Return", which makes me feel heroic. He often meditates: how good it is to be a poet; For thousands of years, many emperors and generals have been washed away by the flowing water from the east, but the poet's poems are immortal and touching.

After studying in "senior high school" for three years, Cang Kejia was influenced by new ideas, which broadened his horizons and mind. "High school" graduated in three years, among which Cang Kejia was delayed by one year because his father dropped out of school.

1923, Cang Kejia went to Jinan and was promoted to the first normal school in Shandong. Mr. Wang Zhuchen, the headmaster of this school, graduated from the Normal University. He is determined to devote himself to education all his life, and his thoughts are progressive and open-minded. He often invites celebrities to give lectures at school to enlighten students' horizons and hearts. Dewey, Zhou Zuoren, Yang Hui and others all gave lectures in the First Normal School.

In the whole class, Cang Kejia is among the best in Chinese, and his compositions are always well received by teachers. At that time, he began to write vernacular poems. On one occasion, he contributed to Sri Lanka, and Zhou Zuoren wrote back. Soon, Julius published his article, which was the first time that Cang Kejia published his works in a big journal. Then, he submitted three articles to the Tales of Xu Wenchang edited by Lan Lin, which were adopted again. He was really "happy" to see his name printed on the book.

At that time, Shandong No.1 Normal School was regarded as an enlightenment school in Jinan, and it was also the position for the spread of the May 4th new ideological trend and new culture. At school, Cang Kejia devoured many newly published books. At that time, in order to encourage students to study, the school also set up a "book and newspaper introduction society", with Deng Guangming as the person in charge.

1in the autumn of 926, the rule of Zhang Zongchang, a warlord of Feng Dynasty, was very dark and suffocating. At this moment, Guo Moruo's Revolution and Literature touched him greatly: "Under the current system, we cannot pursue complete personal freedom." He and his classmates went to Wuhan. At that time, the revolutionary government was established in Wuhan, and the "Southern Army" resounded throughout the country, and many young people yearned for it.

/kloc-at the beginning of 0/927, Cang Kejia was admitted to Wuhan Central Military and Political School, and joined the army in the crusade against Yang Sen and Xia Douyin. His collection of poems, Portrait of Freedom, describes the life of Wuhan Revolution. After the failure of the Great Revolution, he returned to his hometown. Soon, due to the persecution of the Kuomintang reactionaries, Cang Kejia fled to the northeast. The poet recorded his life in the northeast with poems.