What does campus violence include? Cause of occurrence

The main causes of campus violence are school, family, society and the subject itself:

First, school reasons

School is an important force and place to train the new generation to enter the social role, and campus violence first faces the school. From a macro point of view

In other words, many drawbacks in the current education system and teacher management system are the root causes of campus violence.

1. The obvious utilitarian tendency of educational methods is the key to campus violence.

Although China has gradually begun to emphasize quality education, it is impossible to change an educational concept overnight. In fact,

What we are implementing now is still a kind of ruthless elimination education, and scores still determine the future of students and teachers to a great extent. From the first day students step into the school gate, it is like entering the battlefield and charging all the way. Students "learn for teaching" and teachers "teach for teaching". Many teachers are also used to restraining students with systems and rules, and evaluating students with grades and scores. This practice has brought serious consequences:

First of all, students and teachers are so stressed that they are nervous and prone to violence.

After investigating the educational environment in 75 countries, the World Children's Development Organization issued a memorandum for various campus events, clearly listing 20 kinds of negative pressures brought by school life to teenagers, including study pressure, homework pressure, examination pressure, entrance examination pressure, competition pressure from classmates, teacher's speech pressure and so on. [2] These pressures are obviously caused by one-sided pursuit of enrollment rate. The pressure is too great, and once it reaches an unbearable level, its extreme way of venting is violence.

Second, those students with poor grades tend to feel inferior and depressed because they can't get the teacher's affirmation.

From the psychological theory of frustration attack, when human beings are frustrated, they will have aggression, and violence is the main way of aggression. The failure of education and the school's response to this failure jointly determine the anti-social consequences. [3] From this, it is not difficult for us to understand why some poor students give up on themselves, have rebellious psychology in blind obedience and disgust, and have strong hostility towards top students and teachers, which leads to much ado about nothing and indiscriminate violence. In fact, this is because they can't accept the "failed role" imposed on them by the school under the current education system, but intend to gain the attention of teachers and the "recognition" of their classmates through this "special way".

Third, students' moral concept is weak and they can't distinguish right from wrong.

On the one hand, a small number of students often use force to solve problems, even they don't know the crime. On the other hand, most of the victims are obedient and don't know how to seek ways to protect themselves. Because all kinds of schools regard passing rate, enrollment rate and examination passing rate as the main criteria for evaluating teachers' teaching and students' learning, they are biased in educational content and attach importance to intellectual education over moral education, so legal education has not really developed. In addition, sex education as a taboo topic has been postponed, which is why primary school girls regard the "sexual violence" of their classmates as ignorance. [4] This ignorance has undoubtedly given many campus abusers an opportunity, so that they have repeatedly acted recklessly.

2. The tradition of teacher authority hinders the good interpersonal interaction between teachers and students to a certain extent, and lays a hidden danger for the violent conflict between teachers and students;

And overcorrection encourages students' arrogance, which in turn leads to the escalation of campus violence. A good teacher-student relationship is like a "lubricant", which can well restrain the psychological impulse of violence on both sides. However, the relationship between teachers and students is quite complicated and subtle, and the democratic and equal relationship between teachers and students can only be said to remain in the slogan stage. The reason for this is that we have to talk about the tradition of teacher authority. In the past society, teachers had the absolute authority endowed by society, and they could exercise all kinds of powers, including corporal punishment of students, to convey a dominant social value and behavior pattern. Students must respect their teachers and strictly abide by their teaching. It is not difficult to find that the authoritative era is extremely indifferent to students' physical and mental health and individual rights. Because of this, the subsequent education reform put forward the concept of teacher-student relationship and giving students dignity, and the idea of "student-centered" began to be widely advocated. However, in real life, some teachers always adhere to the wrong ideas of "teacher-centered" and "teacher authority". They ask students to obey the teacher unconditionally, listen to the teacher and not allow any rebellion. Students who are growing up have a strong tendency to resist authority, especially under the background that "teacher authority" has declined, teachers' status in students' minds is not as good as before, and students and their parents have strong backing such as the Law on the Protection of Minors' Rights and Interests and the Law on Compulsory Education to challenge teachers. If some teachers,

It still imposes its educational experience in the authoritative era on today's students. Invisibly, a thick wall will be built between teachers and students, which will isolate the communication channels between teachers and students and make students more and more dissatisfied with their teachers. This kind of conflict is increasing day by day, so it is not surprising that teachers punish students to show authority, and students attack teachers to resist authority and prove their existence. In practice, there is also the phenomenon that teachers' authority is overcorrected, which is also the reason why campus violence is getting worse. In fact, we only advocate the weakening of teachers' authority, not to say that teachers' dignity should also be lost. In addition, teachers have another kind of prestige formed by their professional knowledge and life experience. They should educate people while teaching. Therefore, some teachers blindly accommodate and tolerate students when they make mistakes, fearing that they will be accused of ill-treatment and corporal punishment for fighting back. This is extremely incorrect, and the result will only make the perpetrators more fearless.

3. The loopholes in the construction of teachers are also an important factor leading to campus violence.

First of all, from the perspective of teacher training process, we pay too much attention to the perfection of professional knowledge and neglect practical skills, especially interpersonal relationships.

Learning makes some teachers in their own jobs, although their teaching achievements are outstanding, basically do not know how to communicate with students, which causes students' general disgust. If under the old education system, teachers are completely at a loss to solve the conflict between teachers and students except for severe criticism, beatings and curses, then the conflict is likely to escalate and evolve into a violent incident that both sides are out of control.

Secondly, from the perspective of the process of teacher appointment, although it is generally necessary to conduct assessment and obtain the teacher qualification certificate and teacher employment issued by the Education Bureau and schools.

You must have a certificate, employment certificate, technical vocational certificate, etc. to teach. But this assessment is not very strict. For example, the criminal in the case of animal teacher changed from a school doctor to a teacher and obtained the qualification certificate only after committing the crime. It is this loophole in teachers' management that makes some people who lack teachers' characteristics or are prone to violence mix into the ranks of teachers, which directly harms students' physical and mental health.

Third, judging from the process of building teachers' morality, there has always been more positive propaganda and less serious criticism. In fact, teachers' words and deeds have a direct impact.

Students' behavior, if teachers take violence as an example, students will also form a violent tendency. Due to the neglect of teachers' moral education in practice, teachers often abuse students, which indirectly promotes the formation of students' aggressive personality. In addition, teachers are usually commended and rewarded and given a lighter punishment according to law. For example, after some teachers beat students, they only paid part of the medical and hospitalization expenses, but they still attended classes at school, and the school and the urban education bureau did nothing about it. [5] If schools cover up teachers' atrocities, it is easy to trigger a new round of campus atrocities by students and their parents.

Second, family reasons.

Family is the beginning of the process of individual socialization, and its influence on individuals is an important part of individual socialization. Therefore, school violence,

It is mainly the brutality of students, which is inseparable from the influence of family environment. In a word, the family factors that lead to campus atrocities mainly include the following two aspects:

1, family education failed

In the family, parents' educational methods and attitudes have a great influence on the formation of children's character. Someone once put parents on their children.

Parenting attitudes can be divided into four types, namely, authoritarian, indulgent, laissez-faire and democratic. [6] The first three attitudes have been proved by a large number of facts to be a failed family education method, which is not conducive to the formation of children's normal personality. In authoritarian families, parents usually have high expectations for their children and tend to use "stick coercion" to urge their children to become talents. Therefore, children are exposed to the violence of their parents, and unconsciously get the habit of violence. As soon as they meet, they think of using violence to solve the problem. Here, the negative "edification" of parents enhances the possibility of children committing atrocities at school. In a doting family, parents usually have an excessive desire to protect their children. They obey, protect and indulge their children. There is a survey. When asked about the reaction of some primary school students when they were beaten by their classmates, 45% of them answered "beat him" without hesitation, because their parents have instilled in them the concepts of not losing money, fighting violence with violence and fighting violence with violence since kindergarten. [7] Therefore, family overindulgence is also easy to cultivate children's violent tendencies, and then develop into campus atrocities. In laissez-faire families, parents' expectations are generally low, or children can't meet their expectations, which makes them lose confidence in discipline, so they force their children to go with the flow while ordering. This attitude can easily make children become self-destructive, bohemian and form an aggressive personality. In addition, if parents themselves have a bad record of violent crimes, their children are more likely to commit violent acts on campus.

2. Defects in family structure

Family structure defects usually refer to incomplete marriage and blood relationship, such as widowhood, divorce, separation of husband and wife, death of parents, etc. In this unbalanced family, the intimacy between parents and children is low, while the contradiction between parents or parents and children is high. Therefore, on the one hand, children can't feel the warmth of their families, and are prone to emotional instability, lack of sympathy and antisocial tendencies; On the other hand, due to the tense family relationship, parents' emotional crisis and domestic violence are often exposed, and children's personality and behavior are easily distorted.

Third, social reasons.

At present, China is in a period of rapid social change, the whole social order is chaotic, and a series of social problems are prominent. In ...

Some also played an important role in the occurrence of campus atrocities.

1 Overflow of violent culture

After the reform and opening up, with the impact of western culture, the original moral values were constantly deconstructed, not only money worship and hedonism prevailed, eroding the original pure hearts of minors, but also violent culture was once rampant. A large number of violent cases have made people accustomed to bloody scenes.

To some extent, it reflects the spiritual value orientation of the current society or all mankind-extreme disregard for life, which is the basis of violence. In order to gain social recognition, most adolescent students will also absorb the bad hints of this violent culture. Therefore, the behavior pattern of solving problems by violence often appears on campus. Many students blindly imitate the violent means in bad books, films and games, and unconsciously show more and more provocative behaviors in their behaviors. Many students regard the heroes and protagonists in film and television works and virtual network world as their idols, and experience an unprecedented sense of self-realization by imitating their heroic behavior. Teacher violence is also greatly affected by this.

The subtle influence of this culture of violence.

2. The influence of mass media

If we further explore the social background of violent culture, we should see the negative effects of mass media. Some units and individuals ignore the reform and opening up, laws and regulations, ethics and social responsibilities, and push bad film and television books and periodicals full of murder, pornography and decadent ideas to the cultural market, making young people with poor self-control imitate them out of jealousy, thus increasing their potential danger of committing violent crimes. Even some so-called healthy films and periodicals that usually reflect social life may have negative consequences. As we all know, reporting violent crime news has become an important part of media activities. In order to cater to the tastes of viewers and readers, get sensory stimulation and earn commercial profits, many media report violent and pornographic news too frequently. Determined by the principle of simplicity based on the news itself, these reports are usually difficult to avoid subjective and one-sided abuse. Therefore, there is no doubt that the content of violent crime is in line with reality. If such reports exaggerate the facts and describe the details of violence in detail, it will be easier for growing students to stimulate their desires and lead to campus atrocities. A psychological experiment proves: "Violence in TV programs can alleviate the enthusiasm of teenagers and adults to attack and make trouble, so that they can learn all kinds of attack actions and get ways to attack others with cameras. They believe that aggression is an effective means to solve conflicts between people. Television is actually teaching this kind of aggression. Often watching violent programs on TV will make more viewers become aggressive and aggressive for some reason. [8] Other media channels have a similar impact on campus violence.

3. The deterioration of the environment around the campus.

The deterioration of the surrounding environment of the campus is also an important inducement for students to fall into the wrong path of violent crimes. At present, in China, especially in urban primary and secondary schools,

In the vicinity of universities and colleges, video game rooms, internet cafes and yellow video halls can be seen everywhere, and many students are addicted to it driven by curiosity. So some people rob and blackmail their classmates' game fees; Some of them are mentally decadent because they play truant all day and surf the internet, and violently counterattack the teacher's education; Some people can't resist the temptation of pornographic videos to rape their classmates. It can be seen that if the surrounding environment of the campus is not rectified, it will inevitably become a hotbed of campus violence.

Fourth, the subject's own reasons.

Although schools, families and society have unshirkable responsibilities for the occurrence of campus violence, they are generally only responsible for the occurrence of violent cases.

Life provides an external opportunity, and its adverse effects must be internalized into the subject's own behavior in order to really play a role. Therefore, the subject's own physical and psychological qualities are of fundamental significance to determine whether he can resist all kinds of bad influences from the outside world and carry out atrocities. Among them, underage students are particularly easy to become the main body of campus violence, because they have the following physiological and psychological characteristics:

1, strong curiosity, lack of independent evaluation ability, imitative behavior, easy to accept the influence of various external adverse factors, which is determined by the imperfection of minors' cognitive structure. Many students have a low level of knowledge and ability, and are easily infected by the external bad social environment and accept the hints of bad factors. At the same time, due to their serious lack of moral concepts and legal awareness, they can't correctly evaluate the behavior nature of themselves and others, so their behavior is blind, they like to imitate others, and often mistakenly regard violence in some film and television works as heroic behavior.

2, emotional instability, poor self-control, and it is easy to stimulate impulses driven by external incentives.

Adolescence is a period of rapid changes in mood and emotion. Therefore, students in school are generally emotional, irritable, friendly, loyal and emotional. When stimulated by the environment, they tend to use violent means impulsively and embark on the road of illegal and criminal activities. In fact, when they calm down, most of them will feel afraid and regret for their quick behavior.

3, energetic, energetic, competitive, advocating force.

Teenagers in the growth and development stage, on the one hand, are energetic and like to pursue excitement, on the other hand, they are full of youth and love to go to extremes, so

Once a conflict occurs, it is willfulness and violence, regardless of the seriousness of the consequences.

4, rebellious, strong sense of resistance to authority.

Due to the immature psychological development, some students show obvious paranoia in behavior choice, trying to show the existence of individuals in different ways. Therefore, under the constraints of parents and teachers, especially when they adopt inappropriate educational methods, they will have a strong rebellious mentality in their hearts and lose their normal behavior. Students' violent retaliation against teachers is a typical manifestation of this serious psychological imbalance.