Little is known about the quality of nuclear power

1. Knowledge solutions about nuclear power plants and nuclear aspects ...

This is a big problem.

1, the operation principle of nuclear power plant is simply that the chain reaction of heavy nuclear elements and neutron fission releases a lot of energy, or the fusion of two light nuclear elements releases a lot of energy. Generally refers to the former, the latter is more difficult, and is currently in the laboratory stage.

2. A reactor is defined as a device containing nuclear fuel, capable of maintaining controllable, chain-like and fission reactions. It provides the environment and conditions for the reaction between nuclear fuel and neutrons, and avoids the environmental damage caused by radioactivity.

3. Control rods are used to control the nuclear reaction in the reactor to maintain the critical state, and their functions vary according to the types, including stopping the reactor under special circumstances and controlling the reactivity of the reactor.

There are two main factors in the Chernobyl accident. One is that the design is flawed, but the management is chaotic. However, the experiment was done directly on the reactor, and now it is impossible.

2. Common sense of nuclear power plants

Nuclear power plant is a system and equipment that converts nuclear energy released by nuclear fission into electric energy. It is usually called a nuclear power station or an atomic power station.

The energy released in the process of nuclear fuel fission is carried out by the coolant circulating in the reactor and transported to the boiler to generate steam to drive the turbine and drive the generator to generate electricity. Nuclear power plant is a kind of power plant with high energy consumption and low material consumption.

Take a power station with a power generation capacity of 6.5438+0 million kilowatts as an example. If you burn coal, you will consume about 7000 ~ 8000 tons of coal every day, more than 2 million tons a year. If it is replaced by a nuclear power plant, it only consumes 1.5 tons of fissile uranium or plutonium every year, and it can run at full power for one year at a time.

It can greatly reduce the transportation and storage problems of power station fuel. In addition, new nuclear fuel can be produced during the combustion of nuclear fuel in the reactor.

Nuclear power plants have high capital investment, but low fuel cost and low power generation cost, which can also reduce pollution. By the end of 1986, 397 nuclear power plants had been built in 28 countries and regions in the world.

According to the statistics of the International Atomic Energy Agency, it is estimated that by the beginning of the 20th century, 58 countries and regions will build nuclear power plants, and the total number of power plants will reach 1 1,000, with an installed capacity of 800 million kilowatts, and nuclear power will account for 35% of the total power generation. Visible, in the future for a long time, nuclear power will become the main energy source of the power industry.

Nuclear energy (1) teaching purpose 1. Understand the common sense of nuclear energy and two ways to release nuclear energy-fission and fusion. 2. Advocate the education of physics research methods.

3. Introduce the achievements of scientists in China and carry out patriotic education. (2) Teaching AIDS: uranium nuclear fission, chain reaction, mushroom cloud wall chart produced after the explosion of atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb, video materials and playing equipment of the first atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb test in China.

(3) Teaching process 1. Introducing a new lesson teacher: In the study of natural radioactivity, scientists found that there is a structure inside the tiny nucleus, and the nucleus can also be changed. In order to study the internal structure of the nucleus, physicists try to bombard the nucleus with particles, first alpha particles, then protons and neutrons. It is found that all of them can cause changes in nuclear-nuclear reactions, and a lot of energy can be released in some nuclear reactions.

We call it nuclear energy because of the huge energy released by nuclear changes. 2. Write a new lesson on the blackboard: (1) What is nuclear energy? Blackboard: