How to Evaluate the Cultivation of Pupils' Good Habits

First, the question is put forward. William James, an American psychologist, said, "Sow the next action and you will gain a habit; Sow a habit and you will gain a character; Sow a character and you will reap a fate. " ; It can be seen that a good habit is very important for a person's life. In a person's limited life, childhood is a critical period for a person to develop habits, and it is also the best period. How to lay a good foundation for life in this period requires basic educators to seriously think and practice hard. In today's society, the number of only children is increasing gradually, and the difference between children's intelligence factors is getting smaller and smaller. Positive personality characteristics such as good habits-non-intelligence factors are becoming more and more important. Statistics of teaching research at home and abroad show that, for the vast majority of students, the quality of study is 2% related to intelligence factors and 8% related to non-intelligence factors. Learning to learn is more important than learning knowledge. Teaching students to learn to learn will benefit students for life, and whether they can learn often depends on the quality of their study habits. If they study well, they will have higher learning consciousness, serious study and high learning efficiency. If the study habits are not good, the students' consciousness will be poor, which will lead to a series of problems, and naturally they will not study. The students in Linjiang Primary School mainly come from rural areas, and there are many left-behind students. Most parents go out to work for many years, and their family education concept is not strong. Some parents think that educating children is only a school matter, and only let these children eat and wear warm clothes. Others are not important. Some parents entrust the task of educating their children to the older generation, and the older generation is too fond of their children. Therefore, most children have poor study habits. On the other hand, due to the long-term imprisonment of exam-oriented education, many teachers also ignore the cultivation of students' study habits, but blindly pursue high marks and adopt some educational means for quick success, such as "full house irrigation", "sea battle" and "criticism plus lessons", which makes many students develop bad habits such as desertion in class, sloppy homework and lying to escape. In order to change the present situation, to better implement the concept of new curriculum reform, to make students know and master effective learning strategies, to develop good study habits, and to lay a solid foundation for their lifelong learning, we put forward the research topic "Study on the Cultivation Strategies of Good Study Habits for Rural Primary School Students". Second, the definition of the topic 1. Habit: the so-called habit, as explained in modern Chinese dictionaries, refers to the behavior and tendency that are gradually developed over a long period of time by repetition and constant reinforcement, and can not be changed for a while, and can be consolidated to complete a certain job. 2. Learning habits: refers to the relatively stable behavior formed by students in learning activities to achieve learning effects. Once formed, it will become an automatic tendency and need of learning activities, and it will be automatically manifested. The cultivation of study habits is to guide students to acquire learning quality, learning ability and learning methods for a long time, so as to form a relatively stable learning behavior. 3. Good study habits: It is a highly conscious, active, autonomous and lasting behavior, and it is an important part of a person's learning conduct. Good study habits have many functions in a person's growth. It is an important way for students to acquire knowledge, a bridge for students' intellectual development and an important means to cultivate students' creative spirit. The formation of good study habits is a process of strict training, long-term accumulation and gradual rise. With the gradual formation, maturity and stereotype of study habits, it eventually becomes an important part of students' personality. Based on the concept of quality education and the present situation of students' study habits in our school, this topic will focus on the study habits of Chinese, mathematics and comprehensive subjects on the basis of studying the cultivation of basic study habits. Third, the basis of research 1. Relevant theories of modern educational psychology. Modern educational psychology holds that: firstly, individual's study habit is a dynamic system of self-adaptation within individuals. Once a habit is formed, people's dominant psychological response is to maintain a habit rather than change it, which is the rule followed by the formation of study habit. Secondly, among personality factors, personality is also an important condition for forming study habits, and the influence of will characteristics is particularly obvious. The primary school stage is the key period for students' physical and mental development, and it is also the golden stage for personality cultivation. Rural primary school students will develop some bad study habits due to many factors. 2. The educational thoughts of celebrities and famous artists. If teenagers are natural, their habits are natural. -Confucius What is education? In a word, it is necessary to develop good study habits-educator Ye Shengtao In fact, all education is ultimately to cultivate people's good habits. -educator Locke people's thoughts mostly depend on their inclinations, and their words and expressions depend on their knowledge and absorbed opinions. But their actions follow the usual habits. Habit is a tenacious and huge force, which can dominate a person's life. Therefore, people should cultivate a good habit through education from an early age. Undoubtedly, the habit that begins in childhood is the most perfect, which we call education. Education is actually an early habit. -Francis, a famous British thinker? Bacon 3. Policy Basis "the State Council's Decision on the Reform and Development of Basic Education" clearly points out in the chapter "Deepening the reform of education and teaching and solidly promoting quality education" that primary education should start with the formation of behavior habits. Objective 1. To improve teachers' understanding of the importance of habit cultivation, help students to establish a good sense of study habits, and clarify the requirements of good study habits. 2. Explore effective strategies to cultivate students' good study habits, improve students' learning ability and lay the foundation for lifelong learning. 3. Explore the evaluation methods of primary school students' study habits, and promote the consolidation and development of good study habits. V. Contents of the study 1. Investigation and analysis on the present situation of students' study habits. Using the method of combining in-class and out-of-class investigation, through questionnaire survey and interview, we can understand the present situation of students' study habits and make attribution analysis. 2. Carry out the training of teachers in the research group, update the educational concept, learn the relevant educational theories to cultivate students' good study habits, and clarify the training objectives and contents of study habits. 3. Actively carry out research activities to explore effective strategies to cultivate students' good study habits. 4. Explore and refine the evaluation methods of pupils' good study habits. 6. Research objects and methods 1. Research objects: All the students from grade 1 to grade 6 in Linjiang Primary School, and Class 1, Class 2, Class 3 and Class 4 are taken as experimental classes for the research. 2. Research methods: (1) Before the topic of investigation method is started, a questionnaire is designed to conduct relevant investigations. Understand the main problems, students, teachers and parents' ability, level and practical experience. At the same time, we should also understand the theories and practices related to the cultivation of study habits, formulate practical experimental schemes and conduct feasibility studies. ⑵. The case analysis method accumulates and analyzes the case materials of the problems existing in individual students and gives individual guidance. ⑶. The cultivation of students' study habits by action research method should be closely combined with daily education and teaching. We should pay attention to carrying out research in school education and family education practice to solve practical problems. Pay attention to summarize while studying, evaluate the experimental effect, adjust the plan, modify the plan, and then study. Vii. Research Steps Phase I: Preparation Phase (March 211-November 211) 1. Set up a research group, collect relevant information, establish research topics, draw up implementation plans, declare topics and conduct topic demonstration. 2. Organize the members of the research group to participate in the training, update the teachers' educational concept, learn and understand the relevant educational theories on the cultivation of good study habits of primary school students, and clarify the objectives and contents of the cultivation of study habits. 3. Investigate the current situation of primary school students' study habits and analyze the causes of bad habits. The second stage: practical research stage (December, 211-July, 211) 1. Revise the project plan, start the research, and guide teachers to turn the new curriculum concept into educational action. 2. Use case analysis and action research to carry out research activities step by step to explore effective strategies to cultivate students' good study habits. 3. Explore and refine the evaluation methods of primary school students' good study habits through classroom teaching visits, home visits and teacher observation. 4. Continuously reflect and summarize in stages, and summarize the research results in action research. The third stage: summary stage (August, 211-December, 211) 1. Post-test the experiment and evaluate the effect. 2, testing, data processing and analysis, forming results. 3. Write a research report, collect and sort out papers and cases, compile them into a collection, and prepare for the closing activities. VIII. Results and Analysis (1) The study habits of rural primary school students were investigated and analyzed in detail. In order to fully understand the current situation of rural primary school students' learning habits and make the research more targeted, the research group conducted a survey of primary school students' learning habits in the first stage by questionnaire, discussion and interview. Firstly, through the observation of Chinese and math teachers in their usual teaching, the study habits of students are analyzed. Then, students from three classes are randomly selected and investigated according to the questionnaire drawn up in advance. Later, five students from each class are organized to have an individual discussion and visit some parents. After many investigations and analysis, the present situation of students' study habits in our school is as follows: 1. Basic situation of study habits (1) Students' cognitive situation. All students want to be a person with good study habits, but limited by the age and cognitive characteristics of first-grade children, they can't well realize the important significance of good study habits for their future development. In most students' consciousness, forming good study habits is only to get a good grade, and only 1% students can better say that good study habits can help themselves in all aspects. 2% of the second-year students can say that good study habits can help them in all aspects, and the proportion of the fourth-year students is slightly higher. 55% of the students know their importance, but they may not have good study habits. This shows that the first urgent problem in our research is to gradually establish students' correct consciousness in the usual teaching work. Students can tell which habits are good and which habits are bad, which shows that they have the ability to distinguish. However, in their own study life, 67% of students are in a state of speaking but not doing, which reflects that students' good study habits have not yet been developed, and also tells us that it is bound to be a long-term and repeated training process to cultivate children's good study habits in teaching. (2) the performance of bad study habits ① There are not many students who can do "one foot, one punch, one inch" with poor work habits, and they are very casual. In particular, there are some strange postures when holding the pen, such as: the pen is pinched with three fingers, the pen is tilted forward or upright, the thumb is pressed against the index finger, and the place where the middle finger forcibly resists the pen reaches the second bone key point, and the phenomenon of inverted pen is serious, and the written handwriting cannot be symmetrical, correct and straight. When doing homework, especially homework, it takes a long time. If you do it for a while and "play" for a while, you can't finish it at once, which is inefficient. You don't have the habit of checking carefully after you finish it, including exams. (2) the habit of listening carefully and taking notes is very good, but many students are not good at listening to their peers' speeches, let alone evaluating or supplementing their opinions. Especially the junior students often only care about what they want to say, but don't listen to what others are saying, so that they stand up and answer exactly the same as someone in front of them, and he doesn't know it, indicating that they didn't listen carefully to others' speeches. The consciousness of taking notes is very poor. Almost half of the students didn't preview their notes and take notes in class. The teacher didn't know to start writing until he said "Please take notes". ③ The habit of accumulation has not been generally developed into the "new curriculum standard", which requires accumulation. However, not only some teachers attach importance to the cultivation of this habit, but there are also some problems: only the accumulation in class is emphasized, but the accumulation outside class is not; Only pay attention to after-class accumulation, not to before-class accumulation; Only pay attention to written accumulation, not to reading and reciting accumulation; Only pay attention to the form of accumulation, not to the role of accumulation. There are problems with reading habits. Some students have a narrow reading range, and they hardly read other books except textbooks. Students generally read silently too slowly. 8% students are not confident in reading aloud, and there are serious mistakes, let alone reading with emotion. Students' basic requirements and procedures for intensive reading are not clear. Students basically don't have the habit of previewing before class, and always wait for the teacher to ask or have a new lesson together. Even if a few students have a preview before class, they just read the text, and there is no habit of "not reading without moving pen and ink". With the increase of grade, fewer and fewer students raise their hands, and the more "encouraged", the less willing they are to raise their hands. Lack of internal driving force for learning Many students take part in learning activities under the supervision of teachers. Once the teacher turns his attention to other students, he can't consciously participate in learning activities and do something unrelated to learning. After returning home, due to the low educational level of rural parents, many miscellaneous farm work, and because many students are left-behind students, parents can't face their children's study at all, so their study after returning home is even more unconscious, and even breeds many problems, such as lying and prevarication. 2. Analysis of the causes of bad study habits (1) Family reasons Bad family environment and education have a great influence on students' study habits. The economic conditions in rural areas are limited and there is little investment in children's study. Parents' awareness level is low, for example, buying extracurricular books for their children feels wasteful. Parents can't teach their children by example. For example, few parents read books and newspapers and answer their children's questions. Some parents don't understand educational methods, and children go into misunderstandings in their thoughts and can't guide them correctly, which leads to the formation of bad study habits. In addition, parents' going out to work has a greater impact on their children's learning. Of the 49 students in Class 6 (3) of our school, 11 have parents who are not with them, accounting for 22.4%. There are 13 people with only one parent, accounting for 26.5%. Among these students who lack parental care, 5% have poor study habits. (2) School reasons The problems existing in students' habits such as writing, listening, preview, accumulation, homework and reading are also directly related to teachers' education. In the investigation, it is found that some teachers have the following problems: ① In classroom teaching, some teachers only have teaching plans in their hearts, but do not pay attention to regulating classroom discipline and take favorable measures to guide students to participate in learning activities, which leads to students' distraction; (2) Some teachers' teaching methods are old, the teaching content is boring, students' dominant position in the classroom is not established, and the classroom atmosphere is not democratic and harmonious enough, resulting in some students' inactive thinking and speech; (3) Some teachers' requirements for students' good study habits are not clear, and students don't understand the connotation of this good study habit and naturally don't know how to do it; (4) Some teachers don't pay attention to setting an example. ⑤ There are not many training measures for teachers, and the effect is not very good. (3) Due to social and self-related reasons, growing children lack comprehensive and correct analysis and judgment ability, and some cultural places and literary works that are not suitable for students to contact also have a bad effect on the formation of students' study habits. In addition, most of today's children lack the spirit of hardship. They don't know how to attend classes and do homework, and they don't want to spend time studying. (2) Formulated the Basic Requirements and Training Objectives of Linjiang Primary School Students' Learning Habits, and teachers and students made clear its objectives and contents. After selecting the research topic, the school realized that in order to make the research effective, teachers and students should not only understand the importance of cultivating good study habits, but also make clear the content requirements and goals to be achieved. To this end, the school through teaching