What crops are suitable for saline-alkali land in northern China? How to improve the soil in saline-alkali land?

Sweet sorghum, sunflower, wolfberry, Castanopsis carlesii and Elaeagnus angustifo

What crops are suitable for saline-alkali land in northern China? How to improve the soil in saline-alkali land?

Sweet sorghum, sunflower, wolfberry, Castanopsis carlesii and Elaeagnus angustifolia are suitable for planting in saline-alkali land in the north. Among them, sweet sorghum is a kind of crop with strong stress resistance, which has the characteristics of drought resistance, waterlogging resistance, saline-alkali resistance and barren resistance. The planting management is simple, the investment is low, and it is widely used, and it is often used in brewing, sugar making, ethanol raw materials and livestock feed. Sunflower not only has strong salt tolerance, but also has the characteristics of salt absorption, so it is often used to control saline-alkali land.

1. What crops are suitable for saline-alkali land in the north?

1, sweet sorghum

(1) Sweet sorghum is drought-resistant, waterlogging-resistant, saline-alkali resistant and barren-resistant. It is a highly stress-resistant crop with a wide range of uses, usually used in wine, sugar, ethanol and animal feed.

(2) The investment in planting sweet sorghum is low, the management is simple, and the yield per mu is as high as more than 3,000 yuan.

2. Sunflowers

(1) Sunflower has strong salt tolerance, and it can still produce whole seedlings when the soil salt content is 0.4%.

(2) Sunflowers not only have strong salt tolerance, but also have the ability to absorb salt. According to the experimental results, the content of sodium chloride in sunflower stems is as high as 0.5%, so it is often used to control saline-alkali land.

Step 3: Chinese wolfberry

(1) Lycium barbarum is drought-tolerant and can grow in sandy land, so it is regarded as a soil and water conservation shrub and is often planted in saline-alkali land.

(2) Lycium barbarum often lives in hillside, wasteland, hilly land and roadside, and can be used for greening and medicine.

4. Hamada

(1) Castanopsis fissa is barren-tolerant, drought-tolerant, wind-resistant and salt-tolerant, and mainly lives in the crevices by the sea or on the hillside by the sea.

(2) Binjian leaves are glossy dark green, with fine serrations at the edges, a tight crown and beautiful trees, which belong to evergreen shrubs and are mostly distributed in the southern coastal areas of China.

5. Elaeagnus angustifolia

(1) Elaeagnus angustifolia is salt-tolerant and can reduce the salt content in soil. Although its growth will be hindered in the land with more salt content, it can still become a forest as long as it is managed reasonably.

(2) According to the characteristics of Elaeagnus angustifolia, it can be planted in moderate and severe saline soil without improvement, and it is the main tree species to build shelter forest in saline-alkali land.

Second, how to improve the saline-alkali soil

1, deep ploughing and improvement

Deep ploughing the saline-alkali land for 30-40 cm requires that there are no large clods in the soil and the fineness of the soil is small.

2. Biological improvement

Planting salt-tolerant plants such as Chinese rose, Lycium barbarum and Bai La in saline-alkali land, applying bacterial fertilizer to improve land fertility and reduce water evaporation.

3. Improvement of soaking field

(1) Establish a separate system of irrigation and drainage to control the groundwater level.

(2) irrigate saline-alkali soil, soak for about 2 days, drain, repeat for 2-3 times, and then dry. If there are still salt crystals in the soil, it needs to be soaked in water.