Which city are the Spring City in the World and the Watertown in Jiangbei respectively?

Tianxia Quancheng and Jiangbei Shuicheng refer to Jinan and Liaocheng respectively.

The spring city in the world refers to Jinan, and the water city in the north of the Yangtze River refers to Liaocheng. Jinan, also known as Quancheng, boasts 72 famous springs. In fact, all previous dynasties recorded different things. There are more than 72 springs in Jinan, and there are more than 1 springs in the urban area alone. Baotu Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Pearl Spring, Wulongtan Spring and Baimai Spring are the main components of Jinan 72 Spring, while others live in seclusion in other places within the jurisdiction of Jinan. Jiangbei Watertown is another name of Liaocheng, which means "Venice in the north of China", and it is a very attractive city. There are 23 rivers with a basin area of more than 3 square kilometers, including 3 rivers with a basin area of more than 1 square kilometers. Numerous rivers and beautiful lakes have made Liaocheng a unique water city style of "the lakes are connected, the city and the lake depend on each other, the city is in the water and the water is in the city". ?

Brief introduction of Jinan springs:

Jinan is famous for its numerous springs. According to statistics, there are four spring areas, ten spring groups, "seventy-two famous springs" and 733 natural springs, which are rare in cities at home and abroad. It is a natural karst spring museum and also known as the "spring capital". The springs in Jinan are not only numerous, but also varied and splendid. In the water season, in the spring-intensive areas, there is a beautiful scenery of "every spring, every family hangs on the Yang". Origin of the Spring City in the World:

Jinan, Shandong Province is an ancient city with a long history, which was called Luoyi in the Spring and Autumn Period. The earliest chronicle in China, Chunqiu, records that in the eighteenth year of Huan Gong (694 BC), the guild was in harmony with Luoyi. During the Warring States Period, this place was renamed Lixiayi. In the Han Dynasty, Licheng County was named after Lishan Mountain in the south of the city. According to legend, in ancient times, Lishan Mountain was also called Shungeng Mountain. Up to now, Lixia District of Jinan City, Shandong Province has Shun Temple, Shunjing and other historical sites. The name of Jinan began in the Han Dynasty, and Licheng County belonged to Qi State in the early Han Dynasty. In the 16th year of Emperor Wendi (164 BC), the State of Ji 'nan was separated from the State of Qi, and in the 3rd year of Emperor Jingdi (154 BC), it was changed to Ji 'nan County, named after the south of Jishui. It was quite famous in ancient times to mention saving water. It was recorded in Yugong, the earliest geographical monograph in China: "Guiding the water to flow eastward to help". Lingshui is also called Jishui, which was later called Daqing River. After the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the old road of Daqinghe was seized by the Yellow River, and the names of Jishui and Daqinghe disappeared. But when we talk about the origin of Jinan's name, we have to mention this ancient water. However, at the beginning, the seat of Jinan State or Jinan County was not in today's Jinan City, but in Dongping Mausoleum (now Ping Ling City) in the east of Jinan City. In the Jin Dynasty, the seat of Jinan County was moved from Dongping Mausoleum to Licheng County, and Licheng was named Jinan from then on.

In the Sui Dynasty, Jinan County was changed to Qi County, and Licheng County was ruled by Qi County. In the Tang Dynasty, Licheng County was ruled by Qizhou. After the Yuan Dynasty, Jinan Prefecture became the political, economic and cultural center of Shandong Province. Since the Jin Dynasty, Jinan County moved to Licheng, Jinan has built a tucheng. In the fourth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (AD 1871), it was rebuilt into a brick city, with a circumference of twelve miles and forty-eight feet, a height of three feet and two feet, a pool width of five feet and a depth of three feet. The east gate of Bisi Gate is called Qichuan Gate, the west gate is called Luoyuan Gate, the south gate is called Shuntian Gate, and then it is changed to Lishan Gate, and the north gate is called Huibo Gate. In the tenth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (AD 186), the enclosure was built outside the city, with a circumference of 4 miles, and it was rebuilt into a stone coffin during the Tongzhi period. After liberation, the city wall was not only demolished, but also expanded to the east, west, south and north outside the old city, forming a new city part with various characteristics such as mining, transportation, culture and park square. The formation of Jinan city is closely related to the spring water here, because Jinan is located at the boundary line between mountains and plains. The rocks in Nanshan district of Jinan city are a thick layer of pure limestone, while the underground in the plain area is hard magmatic rocks. The limestone in the mountainous area inclines from south to north with a slope of about 3 degrees, and it is just cut off by underground magmatic rocks when it reaches Jinan. Limestone is porous and karst caves can store and transport a large amount of groundwater, so a large amount of groundwater in the southern mountainous area flows along the slope of the mountain and becomes the source of Jinan spring water. After a large amount of groundwater flows to Jinan, it meets the block of magmatic rocks and gathers underground. The accumulation of groundwater has produced great pressure, because cracks exist in some places, which provides conditions for groundwater. Groundwater gushes out along these cracks with strong pressure, and natural springs appear. Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring and Golden Thread Spring in Jinan were formed in this way.

Jinan has always been known as the "Spring City" in the world. It is said that the area north of the city is full of lakes, and the area is much larger than it is now. In the Song Dynasty, when Ceng Gong was the prefect of Jinan, in order to prevent floods, the Shuibei Gate was built to draw the lake into the Daqing River. Daming Lake has gradually become today's scale. As can be seen from the records of the Ming Dynasty, Daming Lake at that time was still "one of the three cities in Fucheng". For hundreds of years, the famous saying "Lotus flowers on four sides and willow trees on three sides, one city with mountains and half a city with lakes" has been recited in Jinan, which is a true portrayal of the beautiful scenery in Jinan. Yu Qin, a Yuan Dynasty man, said that "Jinan's mountains and rivers are better than Qilu, and springs are better than the rest of the world". The distribution of spring water in Jinan has certain rules, mainly distributed in the gullies and lowlands on the south side of the old city, with a slightly east-west belt shape.

Brief introduction of Liaocheng:

Liaocheng is a national historical and cultural city, a national environmental protection model city, a national garden city, a national health city, a national forest city, a national double-support model city, an excellent tourist city in China, a hot spring city in China and the top ten leisure cities in China. ?

Liaocheng is located in the west of Shandong province, between 115 16 ′-116 32 ′ east longitude and 35 47 ′-37 2 ′ north latitude. In the west, Zhangwei River faces Handan City and Xingtai City of Hebei Province across the water; in the south and southeast, Jindi River and Yellow River are adjacent to Jining City, Tai 'an City and Jinan City of Henan Province and Shandong Province; in the north and northeast, it borders Dezhou City. With a total area of 8,715 square kilometers, the city has jurisdiction over 8 counties (cities, districts) including Dongchangfu District, Linqing City, guanxian, Shenxian County, yanggu county, Dong 'e County, Chiping District and Gaotang County, and 3 municipal development zones including national economic and technological development zone, high-tech industrial development zone and Jiangbei Shuicheng tourist resort.

Liaocheng is a city with a rich history. Up to now, it has a history of more than 5, years, and it is a national historical and cultural city. The Yellow River culture representing farming civilization and the canal culture representing commercial civilization complement each other here. There are many scenic spots and historical sites here, and there are more than 4 cultural relics left in China. Six heritage sites and two sections of rivers are included in the World Cultural Heritage List of the Grand Canal, and there are 13 national-level cultural relics protection units such as Guangyuelou in Ming Dynasty and Shanshan Guild Hall in Qing Dynasty. Humanistic stories are circulated here, and many stories in Chinese classical literary masterpieces such as Water Margin, Jin Ping Mei and Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio have taken place in Liaocheng. For example, Song Jiang hit the village of Zhujiazhuang three times, Zhang Qing, who didn't have an arrow, guarded Dongchangfu, likui jy made a scene in Gaotangzhou, Wu Song Jingyang Gangda Tiger, and Lao Can Haiyuange borrowed books. There are many celebrities here, and it is the place where Yi Yin, a famous Shang dynasty, devoted himself to farming, Sun Bin, the birthplace of Warring States strategist, and Cao Zhi, the king of Dong 'e, invented Fanbai music. Cheng Wuji, a medical scientist in the Song Dynasty, Xie Zhen, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, Fu Yijian, the founding champion of the Qing Dynasty, Li Kuchan, a master of Chinese painting, Zhang Zizhong, a famous anti-Japanese scholar, Fu Sinian, Ji Xianlin, a master of Chinese studies, and Paul Zhang Haidi were born here.

Liaocheng is a city with convenient transportation. Liaocheng is located at the junction of Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces and in the west of Shandong Province. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal passes through the hinterland of Liaocheng, and then runs through the north and south, connecting the Central Plains, the political center of the north, and the Jiangnan area, the economic center of the south. Prosperous grain transportation has brought 4 years of economic prosperity and cultural prosperity to Liaocheng. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Liaocheng was famous for a time, "boats are like clouds, sails cover the sun", and it is known as "the throat of the grass, the elbow of the sky, and the city of Jiangbei". Linqing customs ranks first among the eight customs in China, and the tax in its heyday accounts for a quarter of the total tax. On July 1, 1996, the headline of People's Daily reported that Liaocheng's development achievements at that time were achieved by relying on the traffic advantages of Beijing-Kowloon Railway. At present, there are two railways in Liaocheng, Hanji and Jingjiu, which have a "ten" structure; At present, there are seven expressways, such as Jiliaoguan, Qingyin, Qinglan, Deshang, Gaodong, Gaoxing and Shennan, which realize the county-to-county expressway. The Zhengzhou-Jinan high-speed railway across the east and west has started construction, and the Xiongshang high-speed railway running through the north and south is about to start construction. Liaocheng will become an important comprehensive transportation hub city in North China.

Liaocheng is a city of health and happiness. This city is dynamic and meaningful. Successfully started "Jiangbei Watertown? The city brand of "Ancient Canal Capital" is characterized by "water". There are 23 rivers with a drainage area of more than 3 square kilometers in the city. dongchang lake, the largest urban lake in northern China, covers an area of 6.2 square kilometers and surrounds the unique ancient city of Song Dynasty. The Yellow River, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Tuhai River all pass through Liaocheng. The city is warm and enthusiastic. Liaocheng is rich in geothermal resources, with geothermal energy under more than 6% of the land. It is the city of hot springs in China named by the Ministry of Natural Resources. Hot springs are rich in trace elements beneficial to human health, and many hot spring-themed leisure and holiday centers have been built. It is also the origin of Ejiao, the top grade of health care for thousands of years. Dong 'e Ejiao has a long-standing reputation and sells well all over the country, nourishing and beautifying, with remarkable effects. The city is full of business. With a forest coverage rate of over 4%, the city is the first national forest city in the plain area in Shandong Province, which is rare in China. It enjoys beautiful scenery, clear water and green forests, and enjoys ecological well-being.

Liaocheng is a city that respects ceremony and righteousness. Qilu culture of rejuvenating the country through rites and music and Yanzhao culture of generous and sad songs collide and blend here. Since ancient times, Liaocheng people have continuously injected positive energy into the spiritual home of the Chinese nation. The story of "Twenty-four Filial Piety" in which Lu Yigu gave up her son to save her nephew declared the morality of giving herself up for others. The martial training of "Begging for Beggars through the Ages", begging for learning, and being buried in the countryside, shows the love of the benevolent and loving people. In modern times, Liaocheng people have shown an epic spirit on the road to national independence and people's liberation, and Ma Benzhai, Fan Zhuxian and other heroic model figures have emerged. The headquarters of Liu Deng Army crossing the Yellow River is located here. Since the founding of New China, moral models of respecting virtue and being kind and loving deeply have emerged one after another. Comrade Kong Fansen, the model of leading cadres, buried loyal bones everywhere in Castle Peak, and spilled blood all over the plateau, which reflected the value pursuit of party member cadres' love for the people and selfless dedication. Comrade Baiyun, a national model prosecutor, has been devoted to his post and served the people for decades and won wide acclaim.

The origin of Jiangbei Watertown:

The city is named after chatting with the river in ancient times. "China Jiangbei Water City"-Liaocheng has an indissoluble relationship with water in history. Named after Chatting on the River, it was an important city of Qi as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Prosperous because of water. The canal transportation in Ming and Qing dynasties is developed, and it is known as "the throat of the canal, the elbow of the sky, and the city in Jiangbei". Water has brought Liaocheng more than 4 years of cultural development and economic prosperity. Many water-related stories described in China's classic works, such as Outlaws of the Marsh, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio and Travels of Lao Can, which are familiar to Chinese and foreign readers, mostly happened in Liaocheng. Now, Liaocheng has opened up the Water Margin tourist line and the ancient tourist canal line. There are 23 rivers with a basin area of more than 3 square kilometers in Liaocheng City. There are three rivers with a basin area of more than 1 square kilometers. The Yellow River, the mother river of China, and the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal pass through the territory. In the urban built-up area, the water area of lakes and rivers is as large as 13 square kilometers, accounting for 1/3 of the urban built-up area, and there are more than 3 rivers. The largest artificial lake in dongchang lake, with a total surface area of 5 square kilometers, is comparable to the West Lake in Hangzhou. You may know Xia Yuhe by Daming Lake in Jinan, but you should know that the area of dongchang lake in Liaocheng is five times that of Daming Lake! Liaocheng has become a water city with a unique style of "lakes are connected, cities and lakes depend on each other, cities are in the water, water is in the city, lakes are in the city, and cities, lakes and rivers are integrated in the lake". The completed 1,6-mu lakeside park, several bridges connecting dongchang lake and the ancient canal, and the Pearl Theater in Shuicheng, which has been put into use, add new and beautiful scenery to Shuicheng.