How to raise ants and silkworms

Feeding of ants

Ant silkworms are traditionally called ant silkworms because their newly hatched larvae are small, dark brown and shaped like ants. The ant silkworm grows up quickly after eating mulberry leaves, and the middle part of its body gradually turns green and its bristles become thinner. This period is called thinning period. Later, the body became bigger and the body color gradually became bluish white.

How to feed ants and silkworms;

(1) Take out the mulberry leaves from the refrigerator, wait for more than 3 minutes, and then feed them after the mulberry leaves return to normal temperature.

(2) Sweep the ant silkworm on the mulberry leaf with a dry brush, never pinch it by hand, and don't put the ant silkworm and the old mulberry leaf together on the fresh mulberry leaf.

(3) Young mulberry leaves should be cut into strips and fed many times during the day; Put more crushed mulberry leaves in the evening, cover the box with a wet towel to keep moisture, breathe freely and prevent insects, or put a small piece of wet sponge and wet paper towel.

Mulberry leaves are very particular about watering silkworms.

In hot and dry weather or when mulberry leaves are hard and short of water, spraying proper amount of water on mulberry leaves and feeding them can improve the intake and absorption rate of mulberry leaves. However, if mulberry leaves are not properly sprinkled with water, there may be some side effects, which must be paid attention to.

1? Hot leaves cannot be sprayed with water. When picking leaves at noon or for a long time, mulberry leaves often get hot when squeezed in baskets or bags. At this time, if the mulberry leaves are dispersed and sprayed immediately, the mulberry leaves will be acidified and deteriorated. Mulberry leaves should be placed in a cool and dry place, shaken and thoroughly cooled before watering silkworms.

2? Advocate dry storage and wet feeding. Storage of mulberry leaves after sprinkling water will produce harmful substances, and long-term storage will also lead to sticky, black and moldy leaves of mulberry leaves, and silkworms are prone to bacterial gastrointestinal diseases. Mulberry leaves that are not fed for the time being should be sprayed with some clear water during storage to prevent mulberry leaves from wilting.

3? It is forbidden to use unclean water. The water in the canal is often mixed with pesticides, and there are many bacteria in the pond water that silkworm tools are often cleaned. Spraying mulberry leaves with this water is easy to poison silkworms or induce silkworm diseases. It is best to use cold boiled water, tap water or the well water mentioned just now.

Feeding method of ant silkworm

Preparation before sericulture 1. Accurate estimation of the output of mulberry leaves is an important condition for sericulture, and the number of sericulture depends on the output of mulberry leaves.

Generally, it takes about 600 kilograms of mulberry leaves to feed a box of silkworm eggs (25,000 eggs) in spring, and about 550 kilograms of mulberry leaves to feed a box of silkworm eggs in autumn. From the age point of view, the ratio of leaves of each age per box of silkworm eggs to the total leaf demand is: the first age is 0.3%, the second age is 0.7%, the third age is 3%, the fourth age is 1 1- 13%, and the fifth age is 80-85%.

Second, the amount of silkworm preparation According to the number of silkworms, prepare materials and silkworm houses for sericulture. Generally, it takes 25-30 square meters of silkworm room area, three silkworm racks, 30-40 silkworm plaques (each length 1m, width 0.8m, height 0. 10m), 15 small silkworm nets, 80 large silkworm nets, 2.5kg bleaching powder and 650. 65,438+000 kg of pure straw (used in grass cages) or 65,438+050 square clusters or 35 plastic folded clusters, and 65,438+0.5 kg of plastic film. Generally, four silkworm racks can be placed in a farm house, which are divided into 5-7 floors with an interval of 25-30 cm. Each pair of silkworm racks can be placed with three silkworm plaques on each floor.

In this way, each big house can keep 2 boxes of silkworms. Third, the arrangement of labor force The employment in the process of sericulture production is related to the technical level and feeding form of the farmers.

Therefore, there are differences in the number of silkworm egg boxes that each person can afford. Generally 1, 2-year-old silkworms each produce 4-5 boxes (self-harvested leaves), 3-4 boxes (self-harvested leaves), 4-year-old silkworms produce 2-3 boxes (non-self-harvested leaves) and 4-5 boxes (non-self-harvested leaves). The number of leaves harvested per person per day is related to the formation of trees and the distance traveled. Generally speaking, each worker can harvest 50-65438 leaves every day.

Fourth, disinfection before sericulture is very important. Silkworm houses and equipment must be disinfected 10 days before sericulture, and ventilated one week before use to eliminate the odor of drugs to avoid silkworm poisoning. Before silkworm disinfection, the "eight-character policy" should be implemented, that is, sweeping, scraping, blocking, brushing, washing, steaming, sterilizing and smoking.

Sweeping the floor means cleaning the inside and outside of the silkworm house; Scraping refers to scraping off dirt on the ground, doors, windows and walls; The plug is to block the walls, floors and caves around the corners of the silkworm house with stones and cement to prevent rats, lice and mites from entering the silkworm house and invading the silkworm body; Brush is to use 20% lime slurry to paint the inner and outer walls of silkworm room and mulberry storage room once; Washing refers to all used or newly added silkworm plaques, silkworm racks, silkworm nets, mulberry feeding racks, mulberry cutters, chopping boards, silkworm chopsticks, moth hairs, mulberry storage utensils, etc. Thoroughly cleaned, dried, and transferred to a clean silkworm room for disinfection; Steam is used to sterilize silkworm tools with a steam furnace and cook for 20-30 minutes. Disinfection is to disinfect the silkworm tools in the silkworm room with disinfection drugs such as lime, bleaching powder and formalin.

For the preparation method of disinfectant, please refer to Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Silkworm Diseases. Fumigation is disinfection with smoke after spraying bleaching powder, formalin lime slurry and lime water. Green promotion and ant collection 1. Green promotion is also called warm planting.

That is to say, the activated silkworm eggs are protected under reasonable temperature and other environmental conditions, so as to achieve the purpose of neat hatching, strong ant body and control ant aggregation in a suitable period. Under natural conditions, the activated silkworm eggs can hatch, but the above objectives cannot be achieved because the silkworm eggs turn blue the day before hatching.

This work is highly technical and needs to be meticulous. Generally, it is carried out and undertaken by regions or towns. Silkworm eggs will be distributed to all sericulture households (points or groups) one day before hatching. Second, the silkworm eggs that have turned green will continue to be protected under reasonable environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, which is called supplementary greening. Silkworm eggs that have turned green have weak resistance to adverse environment. If not handled properly, they usually hatch unevenly and increase dead eggs.

Therefore, we must attach great importance to the work of supplementing green and promoting green. The specific methods are as follows: before farmers get silkworm eggs, they must heat the small silkworm house, and then adjust the temperature to 265,438+0.5℃, and the difference between dry and wet is 3-4℉. It is best to eat eggs in the morning or evening. After the silkworm eggs are taken back to the silkworm house, they are put in the silkworm plaque with paper, spread out, spread out into one layer, covered with three layers of paper, and covered with a silkworm plaque.

In order to maintain the humidity or the humidity of the house can not be guaranteed, it is best to shower two clean gauze with boiling water, dry it, and put a gauze under the paper near the lower part of the silkworm egg before putting it. Another piece of gauze is spread on the silkworm plaque covered on it, so that ants can be collected.

The temperature should be raised gradually before the ants are collected, and the temperature should be raised to 0.5℃-26. 1℃ every 1-2 hours, and kept until the ants are collected. Pay attention to the temperature and humidity don't change too much, and strive to steadily and gradually increase the temperature and humidity. Third, collect ants, collect the hatched ant silkworms into the silkworm erosion spots, and start feeding mulberry trees. This operation process is called ant collection.

(1) Before collecting ants, prepare a mulberry cutter, a mulberry cutting board, silkworm film, silkworm chopsticks, moth hair (or chicken feathers) or clean tissue paper or cotton paper, lime, bleaching powder, etc. And select mature and tender mulberry leaves for later use.

When there are young ants (individual precocious ants), the paper on the silkworm spots and eggs is removed at 5-6 in the morning and exposed to light to promote hatching. Low wattage light can be used for exposure.

(2) After ants are exposed to light at all times, they should be collected at 7-9 am that day. Generally speaking, it is better to collect ants at 8-9 am in spring and at 7-8 am in summer and autumn. In order to realize the orderly development of silkworms after harvest, the time of collecting ants must be strictly observed.

(3) Method of collecting ants Before collecting ants, cover a layer of mulberry leaves evenly on tissue paper or clean window screen. After smelling the mulberry leaves, the ant silkworm will climb to the back of the tissue paper or climb up from the small space of the window screen. Half an hour later, when the ant silkworm climbed onto the paper, it lifted the tissue paper and turned it over, poured out the mulberry leaves, and put the continuous paper tape silkworm in the silkworm plaque to start giving it to the mulberry. Mulberry leaves should be cut into cubes about 0.7 cm.

After planting mulberry, the temperature rose to 27.5℃. In addition, for silkworm eggs that have not hatched on the first day, they must continue to be covered with light and wait until the next day to collect ants.

However, the collected ants and silkworms should be kept separately every day, not mixed. Raising young silkworms is the key to a good harvest.

If silkworms are raised well and grow strong, they can resist the harsh environment and germs. If it is not handled properly in the young silkworm stage, it is easy to cause physical weakness and silkworm disease outbreak in the big silkworm stage.

Therefore, the masses said, "If you raise young silkworms well, you will reap half." Physiological Characteristics of Silkworm (1) Silkworm grows and develops rapidly, which requires high quality of mulberry leaves.

Therefore, young silkworms need comfortable and tender mulberry leaves with high water content, high protein content and proper carbohydrate to be fully fed.