Eighth grade Chinese unit 3 examination questions

I. (The score for this big question is * *10, and each small question is 2 points)

1. According to Pinyin, all correctly written Chinese characters are ().

The clear spring flowing with sweet spring is the jade liquid qióng (pulp) squeezed out from the blood vessels by the kind mother earth to strangers. With water, plants with weak chán () will flourish and thirsty animals will come back to life. With water, there will be the depression of mountains and the vastness of lakes and seas.

A. pure Qiongjiang alcohol Joan Jian Peijun

C. alcohol dome D. pure dome

2. One of the following words is misspelled ()

A the preface carving of the pier is based on local materials. B. The tone is vigorous and powerful, looking forward and looking back.

C. The lonely banana in the cloister is unique. D. Gong Kao's solemn sobs are very different.

3. The following sentence does not affect the meaning of the sentence after adding words and deleting words: ()

A. Stone arch bridge appeared earlier in the world bridge history.

There are stone arch bridges almost everywhere in China.

C. These bridges vary in size and shape, and many of them are amazing masterpieces. One of the most famous is Zhao Zhouqiao in Zhao County, Hebei Province.

D the "traveler's bridge" mentioned in the water mirror notes was built around 282 ad, which may be the earliest stone arch bridge recorded.

4. Adjust the following sentences into a coherent paragraph.

Baqiao is located in Bashui _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the east of Xi City, Shaanxi Province.

① The bridge is 386 meters long, with a * * * and 64 bridge opening ② Baqiao bridges. Because it was located near Chang 'an at that time, the geographical position was very important. Since ancient times, it has been a traffic artery connecting Chang 'an and the vast area east of Chang 'an. It is the oldest and most famous Liang Shi Bridge in the history of China. (4) After liberation, in order to facilitate the passage of heavy vehicles, the bridge deck was changed from the original slate to reinforced concrete slab. ⑤ Tang people sent more people to Baqiao Bridge. There is a custom of "Baqiao breaking the willow to bid farewell", so it is also called the bridge of ecstasy. It was built in the Han Dynasty and was destroyed several times later. Today, Baqiao Bridge was built in the 13th year of Qing Daoguang (1833).

5. Divide the paragraph level with "|", and extract two sentences from it as the reason for layering.

The structure of the stone arch bridge itself is very beautiful: round bridge opening, square stone, curved bridge back, square and circle get along harmoniously and appropriately, and the laws of mechanics often coincide with the laws of aesthetics. However, my love for the bridge is not focused on appreciating it as a large-scale handicraft, nor on its development since Li Chun's Zhao Zhouqiao, but on its various forms and functions in different environments.

Second, (this big topic ***40 points)

Read the following and answer the questions. (14)

There are rockeries and ponds in Suzhou gardens. The piling of rockeries can be said to be an art, not just a technology. Whether it is a mountain or a hill with flowers and trees, it is the life experience of designers and craftsmen and the hills and valleys in their hearts, which makes tourists forget Suzhou City when climbing and only feel that they are in the mountains. As for ponds, most of them refer to running water. Some gardens have spacious ponds, so the pond is the center of the whole garden, and other scenery is arranged in harmony. If the water looks like a river, bridges are usually arranged. If more than two bridges are arranged, they will be the same, not the same. Of a pond or river. Few stone dikes with neat edges are always left to their own devices. There are also a few exquisite stones arranged there, or some flowers and plants planted: this is also to achieve the effect of looking at a painting from all angles. Goldfish or carp of various colors are kept in the pond, and lotus flowers or water lilies are in full bloom in summer and autumn. Visitors can see "fish playing between lotus leaves", which is another painting.

6. The relationship between the first sentence of the whole paragraph and other sentences is _ _ _ _ _ _ _. ( 1)

7. This passage is intended to illustrate: _ _ _ _ _ _. (2 points)

8. The characteristics of rockery piling are: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. The sentence that illustrates this feature is _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (3 points)

9. The swamp is characterized by _ _ _ _ _ _. The purpose of placing stones or planting flowers and plants on the edge of ponds or rivers is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (3 points)

10. The reason why "art" and "technology" in this sentence can be said to be art, not just technology, cannot be interchanged is: _ _ _ _ _ _. (2 points)

1 1. The main explanation method used in this passage is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and the main function of this explanation method is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (3 points)

Read the following and answer the questions. (12)

① China Garden is a comprehensive work of art composed of architecture, landscape, flowers and trees, which is picturesque.

(2) Trees in China gardens are planted not only for greening, but also for painting. The corner of the flower tree outside the window, that is, broken branches and broken feet, three or five ancient trees in the mountain and a cluster of secluded trees, is the simulation of dead wood and bamboo stones. Pay attention to posture, don't talk about varieties, like potted plants, and you can "paint". Fengyang in Humble Administrator's Garden and Cooper in Netscape Garden are the winners of one garden, which affects the overall situation. If these picturesque old trees disappear, the scenery of a garden will be reduced. There are many kinds of trees, such as Pinus bungeana in Liuyuan, Suzhou, Pinus bungeana and Prunus mume in Yiyuan, and Phyllostachys pubescens in Canglang Pavilion. However, in recent years, this problem has not been taken seriously, the varieties are chaotic, and the personality of each park is gradually decreasing, which seems to be a warning. Guo, a poet in the Song Dynasty, put it well: "Mountains and rivers take mountains as blood, grass as hair and clouds as spirit." The grass is still like this, not to mention the trees. I have always believed that the gardens of a place should have the plant characteristics of that place. Native tree species have high survival rate and fast growth, and they can grow into forests in a few years.

(3) The beauty of China gardens is implicit, and one mountain and one stone is thought-provoking. Mo Lifeng is an abstract sculpture. When you look at it carefully, this beautiful mountain is just like it. So is Jiushishan. The front and rear beams of Yuanyang Hall are different, and I don't quite understand them, but I suddenly realize that they mean Yuanyang Building. However, there are many good people today, for fear that tourists don't understand, there are artificial big fish in the pool, and there are clay pandas standing in front of the Panda Pavilion. If you advertise, it will run counter to the word "implicit" and lose the spirit of China gardens. It's really disappointing. If you want to hide the fish, the Panda Pavilion will win with bamboo forests, which will gradually get better and better, and tourists will be more interested. In the past, some garden names, such as Hanbi Mountain Villa, Meiyuan Garden and Wangshi Garden, could all be named after them. The characteristics of the garden are Pinus bungeana, Plum Blossom and Water. The well-known Ten Scenes of West Lake is a good example. The number of pavilions is really a description of the scenery. The Lotus Wind Pavilion in Humble Administrator's Garden is surrounded by people, and people are close, that is, there is no lotus wind, and the wind is in it, which makes people think deeply.

The distant mountain has no feet, the distant tree has no roots, and the distant ship has no body (only sails). This is the principle of painting and gardening. Every viewing point in the garden seems to be a different painting, which should be profound and hierarchical. "I often lean against the curved fence to see the water, and I feel uneasy and afraid of building mountains." Specifically, the pavilion should be built slightly lower than the top of the mountain, and it is not suitable to plant trees on the top of the mountain. The mountain is not exposed, and the top is not exposed. A tree can't see its roots when it sees its roots. But the application is meticulous and painstaking, as small as the pruning of a tree and the movement of flaky will affect the composition of the landscape. It was so close that the garden was destroyed. The ancient tree behind Yulantang in Humble Administrator's Garden has died, but it has lost its old appearance after replanting. Only then did I deeply realize how difficult it is to build a garden and manage it. A good garden manager should not only examine the history of the garden, but also know the artistic characteristics of the garden, which is equivalent to an excellent nurse's detailed understanding of the patients.

(Selected from Shuo Yuan, with deletion)

12. At the beginning of the article, it is said that China Garden is "a comprehensive work of art". From what angles is the article "poetic" (3 points)?

What interpretation methods are used in the underlined sentence in paragraph 13? ②③? What is the function? (3 points)

14. Read paragraph ② carefully and answer the questions. (4 points, 2 points for each small question)

(1) What are the characteristics of tree planting in China gardens?

(2) Why does the author think that "the gardens of a place should have the plant characteristics of that place"?

15. Enjoy the underlined sentences in the fourth paragraph from the angle you choose. (2 points)

(3) Read the following and answer the following questions. (14)

Breathing building

① When you walk through the reinforced concrete forest in the city, when you travel long distances and find that there are thousands of cities, more and more buildings are trying to change our lives with their elegant shapes, rich space feelings and humanized use. Among them, buildings built according to the function, organization and image composition of living things are "bionic buildings".

There are many kinds of bionic buildings. Some bionic buildings not only have beautiful shapes similar to creatures, but also can "breathe" like natural creatures, with unparalleled vitality and creativity, which greatly shortens the distance between man and nature. Some of them can rotate like a sunflower disk, some can bloom like a cactus, and some can bloom in the wind like a calla lily.

As we all know, during the period from germination to full bloom, the leaves and discs of sunflower will always follow the position of the sun to get the most abundant sunshine. Sunflower-like bionic buildings can also track the direction of the sun and rotate at any time. After the sun goes down, the control program will automatically restore the house to its original position. Its rotating power comes from its own "photosynthesis", that is, it is powered by solar photovoltaic panels and small solar motors on the roof, which is very energy-saving. In addition, a large number of solar photovoltaic panels are installed on its outer surface, and the electricity generated every day is far greater than the electricity consumed by rotation, so residents will store the excess electricity in the community power grid and take it out for use in winter or cloudy days, and the rest can be sold. There are also many "sunflower seeds" in the "sunflower building", such as living room lights and bathroom heaters. Their energy comes from solar photovoltaic panels on the roof. In the sun, "sunflower" is like a bright gem, and the shadows of the surrounding plants penetrate into the room from the glass, and the light and shadow are vertical and horizontal, as if in the shade; In the dark, the "sunflower seeds" are sparkling and colorful, which is very touching.

Cactus usually grow in arid desert. Every time it rains, the cactus will try its best to absorb and store water. The same is true of the city "cactus building". Residents grow all kinds of plants on their large outdoor balconies. The whole building is like a small photosynthesis factory, which can absorb harmful gases in the city, release fresh oxygen, alleviate the urban heat island effect and provide residents with a fresh and elegant living environment. Whenever flowers bloom, the colors of red, yellow, blue and green complement each other. Against the background of the white building, it is like a beautiful picture of a hundred flowers blooming. With the embellishment of the sky and clouds and the chasing of playful birds, the residents who are in it are like being in the forest, which is very comfortable.

⑤ Pedicel is the axis of calla lily, which is not only the main structure, but also the main energy conveyor belt of the whole plant, and can transport water and nutrients between roots, flowers and fruits in time. The tower of "Calla Lotus Building" is the pedicel of the whole Calla Lotus, and there is a heat collection shed at the bottom, which uses the greenhouse effect to heat the air and continuously transports the heat to the whole building through the internal airflow of the central chimney. In addition, the outer surface of the tower body is uneven, just like folded paper, which can ensure the maximum airflow, so as to maximize the use of wind energy. Moreover, in order to improve the efficiency of the top wind turbine, "Hua" adopts the design of double circular arc section, and the wind speed is increased to four times that of the environment. When the wind blows, the calla lily building flutters in the wind, exuding vigorous vitality.

In fact, there are many mysteries in nature, which contain infinite possibilities and inspire architects' design inspiration.

16. One that doesn't conform to the meaning of the text is (? ) (2 points)

A. Bionic architecture is a "breathing building".

B. "Sunflower House" can track the direction of the sun and rotate at any time.

C. "cactus architecture" can alleviate the urban heat island effect.

The tower is the main building of calla lily.

17. Why can't the order of paragraphs 3415 be reversed? (4 points)

18. Briefly explain the language features of the words added in paragraph ③. (4 points)

19. The underlined sentences in paragraph (5) are explained by comparison. What's the effect? (2 points)

20. Give examples to illustrate what kind of bionic buildings may appear in the future. (Except the examples in the text) (2 points)

Three. (This topic is *** 10)

(1) comprehensive learning. (5 points)

Your class will carry out a comprehensive inspection activity to inspect the ancient buildings in your hometown. If you are the person in charge of this survey, please complete the following tasks.

2 1. Please write a slogan for this activity. (2 points)

Please identify several activities for this activity. (Write at least three kinds) (3 points)

(2) reading famous books. (5 points)

23. The female images described in Flowers in the Morning are _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _. (2 points)

24. What is Lu Xun's attitude towards the so-called "filial piety" in ancient times in the article "Twenty-four Filial Pieties" (3 points)

Four, (this question ***40 points)

25. Write a composition as required.

Take "Bridge" as the composition topic, the topic is self-made, and the style is self-determined, not less than 600 words.