Fang Ying's deeds

Formerly known as Fang, Zigao was born in Wabu Town, Shou County, Anhui Province, 1906. When I was a child, I studied in my hometown with Mr. Zhang Shuhou, who participated in the Revolution of 1911 and had democratic thoughts. He is diligent in study, excellent in character and learning, ready to help others, and deeply respected by teachers and classmates.

19 19 At the beginning of this year, Fang Ying and like-minded Bing Xin were admitted to Wuhu Anhui Public Vocational School. Because of his cheerful personality and many friends, his classmates are happy to get close to him.

During the May 4th Movement, he actively contacted students from various schools to hold assemblies, processions and demonstrations, then boycotted and burned Japanese goods, and supported the anti-imperialist and patriotic movement of Beijing students with practical actions. While taking part in social activities, he made extensive friends with progressive teachers and students, eagerly read progressive books and periodicals, and constantly accepted new cultures and ideas. 192 1 In March, he listened to Yun's speech, which further aroused the revolutionary enthusiasm for discussing social change.

1923 In May, Shouxian youth studying in Wuhu initiated the establishment of "Love Society", secretly studied revolutionary theory and advocated engaging in rural revolutionary movement in the future. They often give books and periodicals such as New Youth, Guide, Historical Materialism, and History of Social Evolution to young people in their hometown to read. In the summer of the same year, he transferred to Shanghai University and studied under Deng Zhongxia, Qu Qiubai, Yun, Cai Hesen and Zhang. That winter, Fang Ying followed Cao Yunzhen, who was born in party member, and returned to his hometown Shouxian to carry out revolutionary activities under the guise of teaching. Shortly after the establishment of Xiaodian Branch in Shouxian County, it was introduced by Xue and joined the Producer Party of China. 1924 In the spring, Fang Ying was appointed as a member of Xiaodian Teke. Soon, * * * Wabu Primary School Branch was established, and Fang Ying was appointed as the secretary.

/kloc-in the winter of 0/924, Fang Ying organized a student union in Shouxian Middle School, compiled and printed publications, and publicized the revolution. Faced with the prevalence of Christianity in Shouxian, he contacted people from all walks of life to form Shouxian "non-Christian grand alliance" to expose the hypocrisy and deception of the church. In accordance with the instructions of the Party, he organized a "Shanghai Shouxian Student Support Club" after the May 30th tragedy, publicized fundraising in urban and rural areas, held demonstrations, denounced British and Japanese imperialist crimes, searched and burned Japanese goods in Shouxian shops, and supported the Shanghai workers' movement.

/kloc-in the winter of 0/926, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Fang Ying to study in Sun Yat-sen University. During his stay in the Soviet Union, he married party member Kholova, a Moscow cotton mill worker, and gave birth to a son the following year. 1929, due to the needs of revolutionary work, he left his wife and children in the Soviet Union and returned to China as the Oriental Commissioner of the Third International, renamed Fang Ying. When the third advanced training class in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China started, he served as the director of education and was appointed as the party branch secretary of the training class by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Later, he served as the central inspector and went to Anhui to inspect and guide the work. At this time, the party's main task was to organize peasant armed riots, carry out agrarian revolution and overthrow the reactionary Kuomintang regime. Fang Ying carried a heavy burden and ran between Jianghuai.

1On August 5th, 929, Fang Ying, as the central inspector, presided over a joint meeting of the Party in six counties: Lu 'an, Huoshan, Huoqiu, Shouxian, Yingshan and Hefu. The meeting focused on the issue of armed uprising and decided to combine peasant uprising with militia uprising as the main body; In line with the principle of combining armed uprising with mass movement, we should actively prepare for launching an all-round armed uprising. At the same time, it was submitted to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for approval to set up the Lu 'an Central County Committee, so as to strengthen the unified leadership of the six counties.

1929,1/kloc-0 In June, Fang Ying personally participated in and led the peasant uprising in Dushan, Lu 'an. After the victory of the uprising, the general headquarters of the Three Districts (Dushan) Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Committee was established, with Fang Ying as the party representative and Bao Yi as the commander-in-chief. The uprising team was organized into a guerrilla group of 72 people, and a group of backbones were selected from the members of the peasant associations to form the Red Guards. In order to counter the enemy's siege, Bao led the guerrillas and the Red Guards, and only used spears and soil cannons to hold on, so that the enemy's several strong attacks failed. 165438+1October 17. The guerrillas in the third district of Lu 'an besieged "ma bu" or horse stance just look in three ways. Because the enemy was strong and we were weak, they failed to win after fierce fighting. In order to save strength and avoid casualties, Fang Ying retreated to Longmenchong, and attacked Zhang Hanqing, a local tyrant. Zhang heard the news and fled with his family. After the guerrilla attack, they opened the granary of the Zhang family, opened the granary and released food to help the masses. At the same time, send people to the Buddhist temple to wave? Contact the Red 33rd Division and prepare to attack Mabu again. 165438+1On October 22nd, Fang Ying and others led a team back to Zhujiawan and were surrounded by the enemy Chen Zhuohan brigade on the way. Guerrillas fought and retreated, fought bravely, broke through and retreated to the estuary, and the plan to besiege Mabu came to an end.

After Dushan Uprising, Kuomintang reactionaries stepped up their attacks on Dushan Soviet Area, frantically destroyed revolutionary forces, destroyed many party organizations, and some people defected. At this critical juncture, Fang Ying convened a joint meeting of the county party committee of Lu 'an Central Committee and the riot control headquarters, summed up the experience and lessons of Dushan Uprising, and focused on issues such as reorganizing organizations, expanding armed forces, training cadres, and cleaning up internal affairs. After the meeting, Fang Ying and others went to work separately.

At the end of 1929, Fang Ying returned to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and was assigned to work in the Foreign Affairs Section of the Central Secretariat. He was responsible for the ideological education, study, guidance and inspection of the underground work of the traffic police, and soon took over the post of Director of Foreign Affairs.

On major issues of principle, Fang Ying showed a high degree of party spirit and organizational discipline. 193 1 In June, the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee was held, and Wang Ming was elected as a member of the Political Bureau. When Fang Ying was in the Soviet Union, he knew Wang Ming very well and thought that Wang Ming was a man who liked to talk big without any actual revolutionary experience and was not suitable for the important task of the central leadership. He reflected his views to the CPC Central Committee through organization. However, due to the manipulation of the meeting by Mifu, the international representative of * * *, the situation he reflected failed to prevent Wang Ming from entering the top leadership of the party.

1931February 15, Anhui provincial party Committee was established. At this time, Gao, alias, came back from Shanghai and was elected secretary of the provincial party Committee. Before Fang Ying arrived, the secretary was represented by Wang Hua (Wang Buwen), Minister of Propaganda, He Kunrong, Minister of Organization and Guo Chunhua, Secretary of the Military Commission. Fang Ying participated in the establishment of Anhui Provincial Party Committee and soon visited northwest Anhui. On March 27th, according to the revolutionary situation and the needs of the struggle at that time, at the joint meeting of Shouxian, Fenghuang and Fuyang county committees, it was decided to set up the Central County Committee in northern Anhui (Shouxian) to govern the work of nine counties. At the same time, it was decided to launch a peasant riot in Wabu.

On March 29, more than a thousand people took part in the riot, secretly carrying weapons, pretending to go to the market, and gathered in Taishan Temple from all directions. The uprising team arrested more than 0/0 landlords, seized more than 20 long and short guns, mobilized more than 400 farmers and distributed more than 200 stones as staple food. This uprising hit the feudal gentry, supported the Red Army to smash Chiang Kai-shek's third "encirclement and suppression" of the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet areas, and opened the prelude to the people's armed struggle in Shouxian County.

1931April 17 18 According to the instructions of the CPC Central Committee, the temporary special committee in west Anhui held its third enlarged meeting in Jinzhai, and reorganized it into the special committee in northwest Anhui, with Fang Ying as the secretary and Yang Ji as the secretary. The leaders of the Special Zone are Lu 'an, Huoshan, Huoqiu, Shangcheng, Yingshan and Hefei 19 counties.

In order to do a good job in the propaganda work of the base areas in northwest Anhui, the Special Committee set up an editorial committee, with Fang Ying as the editorial committee member, and founded two newspapers, Spark and Red Flag. In addition, the special committee also published more than ten kinds of propaganda materials, such as Letter to Kuomintang Soldiers, Letter to the People of the Red Gun Society and Letter to the People of the Anti-encirclement Campaign. In order to strengthen the propaganda of the white area, the Special Committee mobilized the masses to make many Xiao Mu cards under the tight blockade of the enemy, wrote various slogans, ballads or cartoons on the re cards, and threw them into the river, so that these re cards could drift to the white area with the direction of water flow. In addition, some achievements have been made in political power building, agrarian revolution, mass organizations and local armed forces. Party member has increased from more than 2,400 to more than 5,000, and the Party's political influence among the masses has expanded rapidly.

Just as the Red Army in Hubei, Henan and Anhui and the base area in northwest Anhui were further developed, Zhang Lai came here. 1931May 12, Zhang held a meeting in Xinji, Guangshan County, Henan Province, to abolish the Central Committee of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Special Zone and establish the Central Branch of Hubei-Henan-Anhui and the Revolutionary Military Committee of Hubei-Henan-Anhui. Zhang served as secretary of the branch and was elected as alternate member of the branch. After Zhang Guo Tao arrived in the base area of Hubei, Henan and Anhui, he fully implemented all the policies of Wang Ming's "Left" opportunism and conducted wrong military command. When Fang Ying led a delegation from western Anhui to Xinji to attend the first congress of Hubei, Henan and Anhui Provincial Party Committee, he inadvertently violated Zhang. At the meeting, Fang Ying reported the military situation and struggle strategy in northwest Anhui, highly praised the historical role of the base areas and won warm applause. Zhang came with the purpose of "reforming" the Hubei, Henan and Anhui base areas and the Red Army. Only by denying the achievements of the base areas can we please him. Therefore, his speech aroused Zhang's jealousy. In February of 65438+, Zhang dismissed the post of secretary of the Northwest Anhui Special Committee on the grounds of "suppressing counter-revolution", and later he was accused of "reorganization", which made him suffer injustice.

1June, 932, Chiang Kai-shek launched the fourth counter-revolutionary "encirclement and suppression" against the base areas in Hubei, Henan and Anhui. Zhang refused the correct operational policy, left the base area without authorization, and led the Red Fourth Front Army into Sichuan and Shaanxi. Fang Ying was forced to leave with the army.

On the way to Sichuan, Zhang Yigang brutally tortured him to climb the mountain with a heavy grain bag on his back. Due to long-term hard work, Fang Ying was thin and suffered from malaria. Unfortunately, she died on the way in September at the age of 26.

After the national liberation, the Party organization rehabilitated Comrade Fang Ying, recognized him as a revolutionary martyr, and issued a martyr's certificate to his relatives.