Project management of engineering projects

Engineering project management refers to using a certain organizational form to use systems engineering perspectives, theories and methods to manage all work within the life cycle of an engineering construction project, including project proposals, feasibility studies, and project decision-making. , design, equipment inquiry, construction, visa, acceptance and other system movement processes are planned, organized, directed, coordinated and controlled to achieve the purpose of ensuring project quality, shortening the construction period and improving investment efficiency. From the definition of engineering project management, we can see that project management in the construction phase is a link in the entire engineering construction project management process, and the construction phase of engineering construction is the final implementation stage of engineering construction and the last step in forming engineering products. The impact of the quality of various aspects of work during the construction phase on the quality of engineering construction products is difficult to change. Therefore, project management during the construction phase is an important branch of the entire project management. This article discusses some superficial experiences on how to do a good job in project management during the construction phase from the following aspects. Due to limited practical work experience, there are inevitably some deficiencies in the article. , please criticize and correct me. After completing the supervision and construction bidding, signing a contract with the winning bidder, and completing the "three connections and one leveling" of the site, the project management will officially enter the on-site construction management stage. Based on the characteristics of the project and the actual situation, an appropriate management system will be established at the construction site. The project management department, as the builder or general contractor, needs to do the following two aspects when establishing the project management department.

1) Project department staffing: We can reasonably allocate project management personnel according to the size and complexity of the construction project. The general project department is composed of a project manager and several professional and technical personnel. I personally think that regardless of the construction project Regardless of the size and complexity of the project, a project manager must be clear and essential.

2) Formulate rules and regulations: Develop various basic project department rules and regulations to clarify the rights and responsibilities of project members to avoid confusion at work and affect the implementation of project management tasks. Therefore, after the project manager (management) department is established, the company can instruct the project manager to organize and formulate various basic project department rules and systems according to the company's rules, systems and requirements, and divide the rights and responsibilities of each project member. In this way, the project manager can give full play to the creativity and enthusiasm of each member, give full play to team spirit, and create a good internal environment for the smooth progress of project construction. The three major controls of quality, progress and investment of engineering projects are an interrelated whole. There are both contradictory aspects and unified aspects among the three major controls. When conducting engineering project management, we must fully consider the oppositional and unified relationship between the three major control objectives of the engineering project, pay attention to overall planning and rational determination of the three major objectives, and prevent the blind pursuit of a single goal from impacting or interfering with other goals.

2.1 Engineering project quality control

Engineering project quality control Quality is the life of the engineering project. If you want to successfully manage the engineering project, you must regard quality issues as the core content of project management. During the implementation of the project, the project management department should frequently hold special meetings to emphasize quality issues, establish the concept of high quality standards, establish credibility with quality, seek benefits with management, and strengthen construction site management.

1) Scientific management, establishing and improving various management systems

Formulating job responsibility systems and various rules and regulations is the primary task and important part of project management. The project manager must pay attention to the establishment of the system, and must do a good job in supervision and implementation at the construction site. Based on the original rules and regulations and the actual situation of the construction site, he must establish a job responsibility system for various personnel and clarify the responsibilities of the construction site management personnel. Responsibilities shall be documented and posted in the construction site office for easy implementation. At the same time, the operation and maintenance system of various machines, electricity, exterior wall scaffolding and other equipment shall be clarified. Special personnel shall be responsible and managed to ensure that all work is in place. At the same time, plan management shall be strengthened and the plan shall be revised in a timely manner according to the actual construction progress according to the overall progress requirements. , realize the control of important nodes and keep the plan management in the best state.

2) Raise awareness and strengthen the management of front-line workers

To improve the level of construction management, we must lead in thinking, that is, we must first improve management awareness.

Due to the high mobility of production workers, generally poor technical quality and weak quality awareness, they only focus on work progress and ignore the scale and quality of the project. They are greedy for convenience, blindly seek speed, have low responsibility, and have poor safety awareness, which has brought great consequences to construction management. Difficulty, these awareness and practices must be completely changed. On the basis of improving the awareness of managers, the project management department must also strengthen the management of production workers. The specific approach is to implement the principle of “one choice, two education, and three management”. The first choice is to implement the principle of "survival of the fittest" for production workers, and those production workers with poor safety awareness, low technical quality, and disobedience to management must be eliminated. Second, education means that workers must be educated on safe and civilized construction before taking up their jobs, and those working in special jobs must take pre-job examinations in accordance with national standards. A system of clear rewards and punishments must be implemented for workers in each construction team to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of workers and give full play to their leading role. Three management means that all technical explanations must be made to production workers before construction, each process must be strictly controlled during the construction process, tracking, supervision, recording, review or spot inspection must be carried out, and everything from technical measures to actual operation must be strictly controlled. Quality is the key. Adhere to the combination of self-inspection, mutual inspection, and random inspection; adhere to the specific practice of not allowing construction of the next process if the previous process is unqualified, especially carry out full-time tracking and construction of work types and processes that are prone to common quality problems, and use coercive means to restrain common quality problems , change irregular practices.

3) Organize construction and strive to do a good job in project quality and safety management

In the project management process with the project manager as the core, we must conscientiously do a good job in project quality and safety management, and we must Many units at a construction site are organized to carry out construction in a rhythmic, balanced and non-interfering manner, so as to achieve the effects of short construction period, good quality, safety and low cost. This is a very complex problem, which includes Various management tasks such as technology, quality, safety, materials, progress and construction site.

Therefore, in construction management, institutionalization and networking must be implemented to institutionalize various managements. The project manager should regularly organize and hold professional business analysis meetings, and reflect the conclusions and information of various professional business analyzes to the company in a timely manner, so as to better achieve comprehensive control of the on-site construction process.

4) Strict quality inspection and resolutely implement project quality inspection

In the management of projects, we must strictly follow the "three inspections, two persistence, and one excellence" (i.e. self-inspection, Mutual inspection and re-inspection; insist on construction according to drawings and construction according to specifications; carry out construction according to the policy of "excellent products", and achieve listed construction, with responsibilities assigned to people and ideas in place. In terms of quality management, we adopt the approach of overcoming common problems, creating excellence, and improving the quality of the project, so that the quality of the project can be excellent, and hidden quality hazards can be eliminated in the bud during the construction process. Each process will be inspected and accepted, and we strive to overcome and eliminate "seepage, leakage, leakage, Common problems such as shelling, cracking, falling, hairiness, roughness, congestion, and dirt are common problems. We strive to improve the quality of the project through management systems and ensure the quality of the project through technical measures.

In terms of safety management, safety education should be strengthened to improve the safety awareness of employees and migrant workers. The company must be willing to spend manpower, material resources, and financial resources to improve safety facilities, and construction management personnel must perform their duties. Set up safety warning signs and safety slogans at the construction site to improve construction safety awareness.

2.2 Engineering Project Progress Control

In addition to the supervisor's progress control over the project, the project management department also manages the progress of the engineering project. The project management department will check the construction progress according to the network diagram of the "Construction Organization Design" approved by the supervision, and remind the supervision engineer to supervise the construction unit to take corresponding measures to speed up the construction progress, so that the actual progress is consistent with the planned progress. In order to ensure the overall goal of the construction period, the project management department can require the construction unit to submit quarterly plans and monthly plans to the supervisor for review, and the supervisor will then report them to the project management department for inspection and supervision at any time.

There are many reasons why engineering project progress targets cannot be achieved as planned. As the project management department, organization and coordination are the key to achieving effective progress control.

Because there are many units related to the project progress, including owners, supervision units, design units, construction units, material supply units, equipment supply units, government departments that supervise and manage project construction, etc., if coordination with these units cannot be done well, , progress control work will be very difficult.

2.3 Engineering project investment control

Engineering project investment control is not a single-target control, but should be unified with engineering project quality control, progress control and contract management. From the perspective of the entire project construction process, the focus of investment control should be in the project decision-making and design stages. As the execution stage of a project, the construction stage has a limited contribution to the entire project investment.

For investment control during the construction phase, the main task of the Engineering Project Management Department is to review the progress payments, visas, and changes reported by the supervisor. It is also through the review of payments, visas, and changes that the project investment is controlled. . In addition, the technical managers of the engineering project management department can also propose or adopt new technologies, new materials, and new processes based on their own experience and skills to achieve the purpose of saving project investment. The institutionalized and standardized management of construction materials is the basic work of project management and the guarantee for achieving project target control. A project must ensure first-class project quality, which also includes first-class completion data quality. As an important document for project acceptance and ensuring the safe operation of the project in the future, the completion data is an important basis for the inspection and maintenance of the project during operation. Therefore, the completion data must be ensured to be complete, accurate, systematic, standardized, and complete during the construction process. Truly describe and reflect the entire process of construction and completion acceptance, ensure that the original data and drawings are consistent, the technical data is authentic and reliable, and the signature procedures are complete. At the same time, it must be filled in according to specifications and standards to ensure that it meets the filing requirements.

The main reasons why the quality of completed data is out of control are as follows:

1) The leaders of the engineering construction authorities have weak awareness of archives. In the construction field of all walks of life in our country, there has long been a phenomenon of emphasizing construction and neglecting archives.

2) The engineering construction unit does not pay enough attention to data management and considers data management to be dispensable. It only needs to deal with it when the project is handed over, and is busy organizing the data after the project is completed.

3) The low quality of the construction unit’s operating level, weak technical force, lack of training, and low management level are important factors that cannot be ignored for the irregularity and low quality of the completion original data documents generated during the construction process. .

4) There are very few staff members of the supervision unit who are responsible for supervising and inspecting the completion materials. They have formally participated in the national supervision engineer training and hold the supervision engineer qualification certificate. In particular, the construction site supervision engineers have professional skills. The construction management level is poor and the on-site visa work is not strictly controlled.

5) Some engineering projects have many participating units, the professional quality of construction management personnel and technical personnel varies, and the forms used are varied and cannot form a unified format.

Complete acceptance and summary evaluation stage of the project

This stage should complete the joint commissioning, trial production, completion acceptance and summary evaluation of the project. After the trial production of the project is normal and accepted by the owner, the construction of the project will be completed. However, from the perspective of project management, project management still needs to be carried out during the warranty period. Post-project evaluation refers to a systematic and objective analysis of the completed project construction objectives, implementation process, benefits, functions and impacts. It conducts investigation, research and comprehensive systematic review of the project implementation process, results and impacts, compares them with the goals and technical, economic, environmental and social indicators determined during project decision-making, identifies differences and changes, analyzes the reasons, and summarizes experience. Learn lessons, get inspiration, put forward countermeasures and suggestions, and improve investment management and decision-making through information feedback to achieve the purpose of improving investment efficiency. Post-project evaluation is also an important part of this stage of work.

This system is mainly suitable for large-scale engineering construction, engineering contracting, and large-scale civil engineering projects. It involves engineering design industries including highways, railways, tunnels, bridges, subways, civil construction, commercial buildings, etc. It has been used in a certain Bureau of China Railway After nearly three years of practice and experience, a mature management model has been formed.