Common sense of hydropower safety ppt

1. ppt courseware for promoting common sense of electricity safety

Ppt courseware 1 for promoting common sense of electricity safety. How to use electricity safely pPt

Safe voltage refers to the voltage that does not directly cause death or disability, and the "safe ultra-low voltage" that allows continuous contact under general environmental conditions is 36V. According to industry regulations, safe voltage is not higher than 36V, continuous contact with safe voltage is 24V, and safe current is 10mA. The harm of electric shock to human body mainly depends on the current passing through human body and the length of electrifying time.

The greater the current intensity, the greater the fatal danger; The longer it lasts, the more likely it is to die. The minimum current that can cause people to feel is called perceptual current, with AC of 1mA and DC of 5 mA. The maximum current that people can get rid of by themselves after getting an electric shock is called get rid of current, with AC of 10mA and DC of 50mA. A life-threatening current in a short time is called lethal current. For example, the current of1000 mA can be fatal when it passes through human body 1s, so the lethal current is 50mA. In the case of electric shock protection device, the allowable current of human body can generally be considered as 30mA.

The duration of current passing through human body is an important factor affecting the degree of electric shock injury. The longer the human body passes through the current, the lower the human body resistance, the greater the current flowing, and the more serious the consequences. On the other hand, the human heart has an interval of about 0. 1 sec every time it contracts and expands, which is the most sensitive to current. If the current passes through the heart at this time, even if the current is very small (several milliamps), it will cause heart tremor; If the current does not pass through the heart at this time, even if the current is very large, it will not cause cardiac paralysis. Therefore, if the current duration exceeds 0. 1 s, it will inevitably coincide with the most sensitive gap of the heart, causing great danger.

The path of current through the heart will lead to nervous disorder, cardiac arrest and interruption of blood circulation, which is the most dangerous. Among them, the path of current flowing from left hand to right foot is the most dangerous.

2. PPT version of instructions for safe electricity use in chemical plants

Safety instructions for electricity use to prevent electric shock accidents in chemical plants. 1 there are three main reasons for electric shock accidents in chemical plants: first, the organizational measures for electrical safety are not perfect; Second, the electrical safety protection facilities are not perfect; Third, electrical safety education is not implemented.

Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of electric shock accidents, we must do a good job in these three aspects, and we must not neglect them. 2 Improve the electrical safety organization Electrician is a special type of work in chemical plants, and it is also one of the accident-prone types of work. Therefore, electricians must have rich knowledge of electrical safety.

Electricians must go through formal study and training, pass the examination and obtain the electrician operation certificate before taking up their posts. The safety technology department and the electrical department of the chemical plant should be equipped with experienced electricians as or concurrently as workshop safety officers.

The main duties of the electrical safety officer are: to implement various safety rules and regulations and various safety technical measures, and to contact the safety technical department and the electrical department to solve major electrical safety problems. 3 Electrical inspection includes the following contents (1): check whether the insulation of electrical lines and equipment is intact, and measure the insulation resistance value if necessary; (2) Whether the protective grounding and zero connection of various electrical equipment are reliable and whether the protective device meets the requirements; (3) Check whether the electric shock protector and working voltage of various mobile appliances (such as hand drills, low-voltage running lights, mobile fans, etc.) are normal. ) are qualified and meet the requirements; (4) Whether the installation position of the newly installed electrical equipment is reasonable and safe and reliable (5) Whether the safety appliances such as insulating gloves, insulating boots and insulating pads are complete, and if necessary, the pressure resistance inspection should be carried out; (6) Whether the electrical fire extinguishing equipment is complete and effective; (7) Check the implementation of the electrical safety system of each team. 4. Improve the electrical safety protection facilities. Electrical safety protection facilities, including the safety shielding and protection of electrical equipment, and the selection of electrical equipment during design and installation shall meet the technical requirements of electrical safety.

Therefore, if unsafe factors are found in the inspection of electrical safety specialty, they should be rectified in time to eliminate hidden dangers. 5. Implement safety education for employees. In addition to special training for electricians, the employees of the whole factory should also conduct regular electricity safety education.

The purpose of safe electricity use education is to make workers understand the basic knowledge of electricity use and master the basic methods of safe electricity use. It is more important to know the importance of safe use of electricity.

6. In the education of chemical workers' electricity safety, besides the basic knowledge of electricity consumption, the safe operation of common gases in the car and the seriousness of electric shock accidents, it is also required to achieve "ten prohibitions" on electricity safety. (1) No one is allowed to play with electrical equipment and switches; (2) Non-electricians are not allowed to disassemble and repair electrical equipment and appliances. If wires, switches, lamp holders and sockets are found to be damaged, you should contact an electrician for maintenance in time; (3) It is not allowed to connect the electrical equipment without permission, and the power cord of the electrical appliance is not allowed to be directly plugged into the socket. (4) Electrical equipment with damaged insulation is not allowed to be used; (5) No unauthorized use of electrical equipment and light bulbs for heating; (6) Don't flush electrical equipment with water, and don't use wet hands and metal objects to pull the live gas switch; (7) The fuse is blown, and it is not allowed to replace the fuse with inconsistent capacity; 8) Do not move electrical safety signs, fences and other safety facilities without authorization; (9) It is not allowed to use the electrical equipment of the machine under maintenance; (10) It is forbidden to use stoves or blowtorches near live wires and live equipment, or near heating equipment or steam pipes.

Steel tape and leather tape cannot be used for measuring around live equipment. 7 The rule of electric shock accident is 1. Seasonality of electric shock accidents. Generally, there are more electric shock accidents in summer than in other seasons.

According to statistics, among the electric shock accidents from June to September, low-voltage electric shock accidents accounted for about 80% of the annual low-voltage electric shock accidents; High-voltage electric shock accounts for 40% of high-voltage electric shock accidents in the whole year. In the dispute of high and low voltage electric shock accidents, August is the highest month in a year.

There are seasonality, the main reasons are as follows. (1) In summer, the temperature is high, the clothes worn by workers are thin, and the exposed area of human skin is large. In the parts covered by clothes, the chances of getting an electric shock will increase due to the sweat and humidity of the human body or the humidity of the air, and the consequences will be more serious.

(2) Poor rest at night in summer leads to inattention at work or electric shock due to operational errors. (3) Summer is also a season with high failure rate of electrical equipment. Often due to the influence of high temperature, humidity, rainstorm, lightning, hail and other factors, the probability of equipment and lines failure increases; Therefore, the maintenance workload increases, which also increases the chance of electric shock; (4) Most chemical plants are scheduled to be overhauled in June 6- 10/0, so the chances of contact with electricity increase.

2. The low-voltage electric shock accident is higher than the high-voltage electric shock accident (1). Because the use and maintenance opportunities of low-voltage equipment are more than those of high-voltage, the chances of electric shock increase; (2) Most people who use or operate low-voltage electrical equipment are non-electricians, and the number of people is large, which increases the chance of electric shock; The operators of high-voltage equipment are mostly professional electricians, with a small number and low accident rate; (3) People who use low-voltage equipment often pay insufficient attention to safety protection, so the number of contact motors will also increase. 3. Most of the redundant electricians (1) who directly operate the electrical equipment due to electric shock accidents are non-electricians, because there are many people and there are many opportunities for electric shock; (2) Non-electricians' electrical knowledge and safety awareness are relatively insufficient, which makes the consequences of electric shock more serious.

3. When using hand-held power tools and mobile electrical equipment, the failure rate of electric shock is more than that when using fixed electrical equipment (1). When using hand-held power tools, the vibration is large, which is easy to cause insulation damage or structural damage, resulting in electric shock accidents. (2) The power cord of the hand-held electric tool is easy to wear at the lead-out part. Once the core wire is exposed or touches the metal shell, it will cause an electric shock accident. (3) The grounding (zero connection) protection of the metal shell of many hand-held electric tools has not really played its role. If the plug part has a protective wire, the socket part has no protective wire, or the protective wire itself is broken or separated from the terminal, it is easy to cause an electric shock accident; (4) The power supply is not cut off when the tool stops or the mobile electrical equipment moves, and the power cord is pulled off or crushed, resulting in an electric shock accident; (5) These tools or equipment are often held tightly when used, and once they are impacted, they are not easy to shake off, and the consequences are more serious.

3. 18.3 Courseware "How to Use Electricity Safely"

1, if you want to apply for electricity, you should ask an electrician for installation and maintenance, and private connection is not allowed.

2. Everyone is responsible for the safe use of electricity, and consciously abide by the rules and regulations for safe use of electricity. Fuses should be used reasonably for low-voltage power consumption, and copper, aluminum and iron wire are strictly prohibited to replace them. The switch should control the fire line. Household electricity should be equipped with leakage protectors.

3. Don't build houses, pile firewood and plant trees under wires, and don't put movies near wires and other equipment to prevent electric shock and fire.

4. When the ship crosses the river line, it should put down the mast as soon as possible, drive a motor vehicle or work in the field, and don't touch the poles and stay wires.

5, are not allowed to be near the wire quarrying blasting, are not allowed to dig a hole or soil near the pole, are not allowed to be tied to animals on the pole, are not allowed to destroy the guy, in case the pole is broken.

6. Power lines, communication lines and broadcasting lines should be clearly separated. When the wires are connected with other lines, you should immediately cut off the power supply and find an electrician to handle it.

7. Educate children not to touch (bump) electrical equipment, not to climb poles, transformers, shake cables, not to fly kites and shoot birds near wires, and not to throw things at wires, porcelain bottles and transformers.

8. Don't go near the broken wire. Send someone to guard it, and find an electrician to repair it quickly.

9, small pumps, threshers and other temporary electrical equipment, are not allowed to be charged to move, are not allowed to hook, are not allowed to use broken strands, twisted climbing line, waist line.

10, touch the metal shell of household appliances such as lamp holders, switches, sockets, etc. The metal shell of household appliances should be properly grounded.

1 1. Do not use unqualified lamp holders, light wires, switches, sockets and other electrical equipment.

12. Users should report to the electric power department in time when they find high and low voltage electrical equipment disconnected, flashover, smoking or other abnormal conditions.

Rural electricity safety

1. Rural users should install leakage protectors.

2. It is forbidden to pull temporary wires, and it is forbidden to use lamp holders with sockets for household electricity.

3. If the electrical appliance is abnormal, turn off the power switch first, and then carry out maintenance. If the electrical appliances smoke, catch fire or explode at the same time, don't cut off the power supply by hand, and find an electrician to deal with it as soon as possible.

4, the new purchase and long-term outage of electrical equipment, should check the insulation before use.

5. When the shell, handle switch and mechanical protection of electrical appliances are damaged or out of order, they shall be repaired in time and shall not be used without repair.

6, are not allowed to hang clothes on the power line. The horizontal distance between the clothesline (rope) and the power cord should be greater than1.25m. ..

7. Communication lines, broadcasting lines and power lines are not allowed to be erected on the same pole. Communication lines, broadcast lines and power lines should be clearly separated when entering the house. When the power cord is found to overlap with other lines, you should immediately find an electrician to deal with it.

8, when using a hand drill, should pay attention to the following safety matters:

1) The power cord and the grounding wire of the shell shall be flexible cord with rubber sheath, and the shell shall be reliably grounded.

2) Operators should wear insulating gloves or shoes and stand on insulating mats or dry boards and benches. Operators are forbidden to wear gloves.

9, found that the power cord is broken, don't go near. Leave the conductor's landing point 8 meters away, guard the scene and find an electrician to deal with it immediately.

10, after the action of the leakage protector, find out the action reason immediately. If there is no abnormal situation, try to send power once, and then trip again. Be sure to find out the fault point and deal with it before sending electricity.

1 1. If the electrical appliance is abnormal, such as the lights are off, the TV is gone or muted. Turn off the power switch first and then carry out maintenance. If the electrical appliances smoke, catch fire or explode at the same time, don't cut off the power supply by hand, and call an electrician as soon as possible.

4. Graphic wall chart of power safety knowledge education.

Power safety knowledge education wall chart. : AN 199 1 6 sheets per set. Specification: 76X52cm can be selected separately.

Based on the important events of electric power safety work and the key points of safety production work, real-time special popular science education products are designed and developed. The content is easy to understand, easy to understand and illustrated, which not only pays attention to the popularization education of electricity safety knowledge, but also highlights the theme of this year's safety production publicity. It is the first choice for safety publicity and knowledge popularization.

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5. Teaching plan of safety education and safe electricity use in kindergarten middle class

The first phase-the first phase of Z courseware B network activity goal: 1, so that children can initially understand the knowledge of electricity and know what is easy to conduct electricity and what is not easy to conduct electricity through experiments.

2. Cultivate children's independent thinking ability and interest in scientific exploration. 3. Educate children to pay attention to safe use of electricity in daily life.

Activity preparation: dry batteries, 1.5V electric beads, long wood chips, copper wires, nails, plastic bags, cloth strips, paper strips, rubber pipes, plastic pipes, wool, sorting boxes, etc. The number is equal to the number of children. Children know something about the positive and negative poles of batteries.

Activity flow: 1. Show materials to stimulate children's interest in hands-on operation. 2, children hands-on operation, explore the secret.

(1) explain the operation method. Children explore while operating. Put one end of everything on the negative side of the battery and the other end on the small light bulb on the positive side of the battery to see which one can make the light bulb light up and which one can't.

Think about why, and use sorting boxes to separate the results. (2) Children are free to learn and operate, and teachers tour to guide them.

(3) Let children discuss the calculation results with each other. (4) Please select children's representatives from each group and talk about their own operations.

3. Educate children to use electricity safely. The human body can conduct electricity. When inserting a plug, you should not touch the metal piece of the plug, put your hand into the socket, and even touch the power supply and wires casually.

6. Common sense of safe electricity use

Tips for safe use of electricity 1. The insulation of the power cord and electrical equipment must be good, and the live parts such as lamp holders, sockets and switches must never be exposed to prevent electric shock.

2, don't pull the wire, to prevent electric shock or fire. 3, don't stand on the wet ground to move charged objects or try to clean charged household appliances with a wet rag to prevent electric shock.

4, fuse selection should be reasonable, avoid using copper wire, aluminum wire or iron wire instead, in case of fire. 5, the use of household appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, etc. , should be equipped with grounding wire socket according to the requirements of product use.

6. When repairing or replacing the lamp holder, even if the switch is turned off, do not touch it directly by hand to prevent electric shock. 7, in case of electrical fire, to cut off the power supply for rescue, avoid by all means directly put out with water, in order to prevent electric shock.

8, found that someone get an electric shock, should try to disconnect the power supply (such as electric shock in high places, also want to take measures to prevent electric shock fall injury) and then first aid. ~ If you agree with my answer, please click the "Accept as Satisfied Answer" button in time ~ ~ The mobile phone questioner can evaluate the satisfaction in the upper right corner of the client.

~ Your adoption is my motivation ~O(∩_∩)O, remember to praise adoption and help each other.

7. Looking for the information of "Power Safety Publicity Theme"

L know the main switch of power supply and learn to turn it off in an emergency.

2. Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products).

3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth.

4. Unplug the electrical appliance after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape.

5. Find someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock.

6. Don't remove or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.

When it comes to electricity safety, the switch socket is really important. The safety performance of the switch socket is particularly important. Pull out the plug in time and turn on the switch. When choosing a switch socket at home, you must try not to buy miscellaneous brands. There are too many fakes on the market. Like Siemens, Foton Switch, Panasonic, etc. , are big brands, more reliable. Especially the Futian switch. My colleague bought the whole D3 series last time and really thought it was very good. Futian's home now has a full flat switch on the main push panel, which does not accumulate dust and has higher safety performance. Different from the traditional rocker switch, inching switch is a new generation switch, endorsed by Li Bingbing.

8. Tomorrow I will tell the kindergarten children about "knowledge of safe electricity use". Can someone provide it for me?

Situation exercise: Suddenly, a corner of Huang's house smelled of smoke and burning.

Discuss with children how to use electricity safely.

1, looking for signs of smoking (it turns out that Huang likes ironing clothes so much that he forgot to turn off the power and burned them)

2. Discuss with children how to use electricity safely at home. Ask the children to express their opinions. At this time, it is necessary to use clever guiding language to develop children's imagination and judgment on things.

3. The teacher summed up how to use electricity safely:

(1), don't play with the electrical plug, please help plug it in if necessary.

(2) Don't touch the power switch with wet hands.

(3) Before learning to operate, don't just press the knob and various keys on the electrical appliance. Only adults can operate household appliances, you can't touch them casually.

(4) Pay attention to saving electricity, turn off the lights when no one is around, and turn off the TV in time after watching.

9. How to prevent fire and electrical safety education teaching plan

How to prevent fire and electricity

1 class hour

Educational goal: to educate students how to save themselves and how to prevent electricity in case of fire. Educational process:

I. Fire

Fire and water are ruthless, and human nature. In the face of the critical moment of raging fire, we must adhere to the principles of "three necessities", "three rescues" and "three noes" in order to save the day and save the day.

1. "Three essentials"

(1) Be familiar with the environment where you live.

Pay more attention to observation at ordinary times, and know the stairs, passages, gates and emergency evacuation exits of the residence like the back of your hand, and know whether there are platforms, skylights and temporary shelters (rooms).

(2) "Think" to keep calm when something happens.

In the face of the raging fire, only by staying calm and calm can we quickly take decisive measures to protect ourselves and others. Some people make wrong actions because of confusion, which delays the precious time of escape. For example, I only know how to push the door, and I won't pull the door hard; Mistake the wall for a door and knock hard; Even jump off a building blindly regardless of the seven or seven? Touch the door before opening it. If the door is hot or smoke has penetrated through the gap, you can't open the door and prepare to take the second route. Even if the door is not hot, you can only open it a little carefully, pass it quickly, and then close it immediately. Because oxygen will come in when the door is wide open, even a smoldering fire will suddenly burn.

(3) "Beware" of drug abuse.

In the fire, the biggest "killer" is not the fire itself, but a large number of toxic smoke produced in the burning process, whose main components are carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide and so on. Fire experts' research shows that when the carbon monoxide content in the air is 1%, people will faint after breathing several times, and it will kill people in a minute or two. Experts suggest that you cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and evacuate the fire as soon as possible. If the fire is too big and violent, the exit passage is blocked by smoke, and there is no other route to take, you can use a wet quilt as a cover, cling to the "seat belt" on the ground, and crawl in the corridors and rooms with dense smoke. Never run straight. Because hot and cold air is convective, toxic smoke floats on the upper part of the house space, and some fresh air will come in close to the ground for people to breathe. Standing and running is likely to be unable to breathe and suffocate. If your clothes are on fire, you should take off your clothes or roll on the ground to put out the fire. If someone runs away in panic and his underwear catches fire, he should be pushed to the ground and rolled until the fire goes out.

2. "Three rescues"

(1) Choose an escape route for "rescue"

In case of fire, it is the best choice to use stairs, evacuation passages and open stairs with weak smoke or unburned fire. If it can reach below the fire layer smoothly, it is basically out of danger.

(2) "self-help" when the rope slips.

What should I do when the corridor or stairs have been blocked by fire or poisonous smoke? We should use the rope in time (or tear the curtains and sheets into thick strips to form a long belt), and tie one end of the rope firmly to a load-bearing object, such as water pipes and heating pipes, and the other end hangs from the window to the ground or the balcony on the lower floor. Then he slipped down the rope and fled the fire.

(3) Seek "redemption" from the outside world.

If you are blocked in the building by fire and all escape routes have been cut off, you have to retreat indoors temporarily and close the doors and windows leading to the fire area. Staying in the room is not passive to die. You can water the doors and windows to slow down the spread of fire; At the same time, shout, wave, flashlight and throw things through the window. , send a distress signal, waiting for the rescue of firefighters. In short, don't do anything that is not conducive to escape because of impulse.

3. "Three noes"

(1) "No" Take the ordinary elevator

When a fire is discovered, people will pull the switch to stop the fire from spreading along the wires. Sometimes, the fire will burn the power line. If you take the ordinary elevator to escape, you will be in trouble in case of power failure. Being unable to go up and down is tantamount to trapping yourself in a "cage".

(2) Don't jump off a building easily.

The risk of jumping off a building to survive is very high. If you don't do it well, it is often either death or injury. You should not take it lightly. Even when you make this decision in despair, you should pay attention to the method. First of all, throw the quilt or mattress downstairs, so that when you land, you won't directly hit the hard cement or slate road, reducing the possibility of injury; Then grab the windowsill with both hands, droop, and jump with both feet to narrow the gap with the ground.

(3) "No" lust for property

The fire comes quickly, and it can enter the violent stage after 10 minutes. Therefore, fire experts remind that once a fire breaks out, you must evacuate and escape quickly, and don't waste time dressing up or looking for valuables, because there is nothing more precious than life. After escaping from the fire, don't even return to the crater for the sake of property. In the end, people and money can only be empty.

Second, how to use electricity safely:

(1), don't play with the plug of electrical appliances, please help plug it in and out if necessary.

(2) Don't touch the power switch with wet hands.

(3) Before learning to operate, you can't just press the knob and various buttons on the electrical appliance. Some household appliances can only be operated by adults and cannot be touched casually.

(4) Pay attention to saving electricity, turn off the lights conveniently, turn off the lights when no one is around, and turn off the TV in time after watching.