How is steel tempered? Each chapter summarizes 300 words.

1, chapter I

At the age of twelve, Paul? Kochakin left school. Because when he made up the exam, he sprinkled ash on the dough of the Easter cake made by Father Vasily. As a last resort, Paul followed his mother to work in the station canteen. Here, he was sent to the washing workshop by his boss, responsible for some rough and dirty work such as burning tea stoves, cleaning knives and forks and pouring dirty water.

During his working days in the canteen, Paul was oppressed by his boss and saw the hardships and poverty of people living at the bottom of society. He hated those rich people who lived in luxury. Before long, his brother Aerjiaom got him a job in a power plant, and Paul left the canteen.

2. Chapter II

The news came that the tsar was overthrown. But the life of the people in the town hasn't changed much, but there are more and more soldiers called Bolsheviks here.

Some changes have taken place in the town, and some rich people have escaped. Red Army soldiers appeared, and citizens in the town got guns issued by the Red Army. Soon, the Red Army retreated and the Germans came in. They demanded that citizens surrender their guns. The rich man is back.

Paul met Zhu, the assembler, and they became good friends. Zhu Jiaobao fights boxing and often tells him some revolutionary truths. Paul hid the stolen gun in the yard, but the Germans didn't find it when they searched.

3. Chapter III

When Paul was fishing by the lake, he met tonya, the daughter of a forestry official. She didn't laugh and insult Paul like other rich children, and they soon met.

The workers at the station just stopped working. When they were forced to drive, Aerjiaom and three other workers killed a German for their own safety and that of other rebels, and then jumped out of the car and fled to the countryside. But their families can't find them.

Tonia was reading by the lake and saw Paul swimming. They chatted together and became friends. In order to support himself and his mother, Paul bought a new suit and got a job of sawing wood. Paul's new image surprised tonia.

4. Chapter IV

Tonia wrote to Tania and poured out his heart. The only theater in the city held a grand party, and many nobles from petrella attended it. Paul was taken to generate electricity. Pavliuc broke in when the dance was busy, because the music and Golub got into a fight. The venue was a mess.

Rumors of "burning, killing and plundering Jews" spread like wildfire in the city, causing many people to panic. Selyosha and others discussed the location and method of hiding. On the third day after the conflict between golub and Pavliuc, the atrocities of killing Jews began. Many people were killed and destroyed during the terrible three days and two nights. But only a few people resisted.

Chapter 5

One night, Zhu hid in Paul's house to avoid a surprise attack. In Paul's home, Zhu told Paul many revolutionary truths. Paul knows the truth of life, and he also knows that Zhu is a producer.

During these eight days, Zhu always went out at night and didn't come back until late at night. One night, Zhu He came out and didn't come back. Paul inquired about Zhu's whereabouts in the street and recalled the quarrel with tonya.

When he saw Zhu being escorted by a soldier, he decisively caught the escort and saved Zhu. That night, Zhu left the town, but Paul was condemned by Victor, and then he was arrested in the Yugoslav capital headquarters.

6. Chapter VI

When Danthony learned that Paul had been taken away, she was very worried and looked for him everywhere. The leader of the Petrella gang is coming to the town to review the troops, and the town is busy making preparations. Colonel Zenek didn't want the leaders to see that there were too many prisoners in the prison, so he let Paul and others out. Paul left the prison, but he had nowhere to go, so he ran aimlessly and came to tonya's garden unconsciously.

The barking of dogs alarmed tonya. When she recognized Paul, she was very excited and left him at home. Paul got a rest at his home in tonya, but he didn't want to involve tonya, so he insisted on leaving his home in tonya. They agreed not to forget each other.

7. Chapter VII

The Soviet regime was established, the local committee of the Ukrainian Youth League was established, and the Red Army captured the small town of Shebetovka. Despite his mother's obstruction, Seryosha joined the Red Army and became a Bolshevik. He is a member of the Youth League and secretary of the Youth League Committee. He also organized his partners and sisters to join the Youth League.

But at the meeting, only one person joined the organization. Xie is a little depressed. Others encouraged him to say that Paul had hurt his leg. He sent a letter when he was in hospital. Xie took Tonya, who met Rita when she went to the lake, and showed her the letter. Seryosha and Rita chatted together and practiced marksmanship. After Lida left, Seryosha was very sad.

8. Chapter VIII

Paul joined the cavalry in budyonny. He fought bravely with thousands of soldiers. In zhitomir, cavalry rescued more than 7000 revolutionaries from prison. Samuel described this tragic event in Shchepetov Card: many Red Army soldiers were betrayed by traitors and almost all died in the end.

Budyonny's cavalry kept attacking and launched a fierce charge on Bo Jun, giving the enemy one heavy blow after another and destroying the entire rear of Bo Jun.

One day, when the brigade commander sent Paul to the armored train at the station to deliver official documents, he also met Aerjiaom. Later, I heard that the teacher was killed, and Paul went into battle again, but he was injured himself.

9. Chapter IX

Paul regained consciousness, but his right eye was blind, so he couldn't go to the front again. Paul and tonya stayed at Blanche's house after discharge. He invited tonia to attend the youth league meeting in the city. At the meeting, Paul quarreled with tonya because of her dress and contemptuous and provocative eyes, and they finally broke up.

Later, Paul took part in the work of eliminating counterrevolutionaries. The intense and heavy work affected Paul's health, so he went to the railway factory as the Communist Youth League Secretary.

Paul was expelled from the provincial Committee with four other comrades for a speech. Later, he returned to the party team, spoke at the conference, and got back together with Ivan.

10, chapter 10

The provincial party Committee sent Lida as a representative to attend a county league congress and asked Paul to assist in the work. The station was very crowded. Paul squeezed into the carriage first, then opened the window and pulled Rita in through it.

A riot is brewing in this city. That night, Zhu He led 300 comrades to quell the riot. The Solomonka Brigade lost five people, and the Committee for the Elimination of Counterrevolutionaries sacrificed an old Bolshevik. On the same night, Father Vassili, his two daughters and all their associates were arrested in Shchepetov, and a storm subsided.

But railway transportation will soon be paralyzed. Now, everything depends on food and firewood.

1 1, chapter 1 1

In order to supply urban timber, a railway will be built in three months. So Paul and the Communist Youth League were transferred to repair the railway. The working conditions of the road construction team are very difficult, and the harassment, illness and hunger of armed bandits also threaten Paul and his comrades.

Paul worked so hard that his boots were rotten. In the cold winter, people still work hard in the ice and snow. The workers vowed to finish the railway on time. Once at the station, Paul also met tonya.

The railway was finally completed as scheduled, and Zhu was deeply moved by their revolutionary enthusiasm, saying that "this is how steel is tempered". He also gave Paul a gun. But not long after, Paul became ill.

12, chapter 12

Paul was injured at home, went to visit Aerjiaom, and went to the square in front of the prison to mourn the sacrifice of the Red Army. Then Paul went to another city to find his comrades. But many people left, and finally he only found pankratov. He and his family hated being surprised when they saw Paul. He also told Paul all kinds of things that happened in the past four months.

The next day, Paul went to the Communist Youth League Committee to resume his membership and spoke at the conference. Then Paul went back to work in the power plant. He also quarreled with Cvita's husband because Fichin broke the electric drill. But in the end, the two reached an agreement. At work, Paul met his former neighbor. In the evening, Paul also killed a robber.

13, chapter 13

Paul visited the border with the battalion commander and went to Berezdorf together. He announced that he would never smoke or swear in the future. Later, he got sick, left the factory and went home. After his illness, he took on the political work of local armed forces and calmed a fight.

* * * Border villages set up youth league branches one by one. Paul, Rita and the cadres of the Communist Youth League Committee encouraged many young people to join the League. Later, Paul was elected as the director of the Committee to celebrate the October Revolution Festival in border villages. He also took part in the exercise with a leg injury. Paul knows from Rita's official letter that he has become the official party member of the * * * production party and can serve as an important youth league work.

14, chapter 14

Paul resolutely fought against all kinds of bad styles in his work and became an opponent of his comrade-in-arms Du Bawa. He was very sad and strongly criticized at the meeting, but the people in the audience kept booing and dragged Paul into the water. But some people have woken up. Pankratov also made a speech to encourage other party member, which strengthened everyone's determination, but Du Bawa still left.

Lenin died, and his death prompted hundreds of thousands of workers to join the Bolshevik Party. Many industrial workers dealing with steel and engine oil spoke at the conference, hoping to join the * * * production party. Aerjiaom is one of them. He told his own experience and joined the party unanimously.

15, chapter 15

Rita met Paul at the All-Russian Congress, and they were very happy to see each other. Paul told Anna about what happened when he persuaded Du Bawa to return to the league, and explained that his friendship with Rita was interrupted a few years ago because he handled things in the way of the protagonist in The Gadfly.

Paul was very angry because he heard the complaints of the female league members and Ferro's own behavior, and he hit Ferro. The two men had a big fight in court. Later, Faylo was expelled from the party and Paul was acquitted. Paul's health is getting worse. His central nervous system has been seriously damaged and he has been approved to recuperate at the seaside. He came to the seaside and began to recuperate.

16, chapter 16

While recuperating at the seaside, Paul met Dora in a conversation. Paul went to the hotel, where he met Zaki again. They held a meeting together in Paul's room.

The next day they went to another city, but there was an accident on the way. So Paul was admitted to the hospital again. According to his mother's letter, Paul left the hospital and went to Aribi? Chuham's home There, he met Daya and Liao. And sympathize with their families. When he left, he promised the two sisters to help them escape from the cage.

Paul came to the Central Committee, but he couldn't go back to work. Although Achim promised to find him a job, Paul went to the south.

17, chapter 17

Paul went to Chukam's house for the second time. Paul knew that he was getting worse and wanted to commit suicide, but he held back. Paul went back to his residence and talked to Daya, trying to get Daya to leave home and marry him. Daya thought about it and agreed.

Paul wrote to his brother, Aerjiaom, about his situation. Life is the same as before. Daya works and Paul studies. Soon after, Paul was paralyzed in both legs. Now only the right hand can move. He wants to divorce Dai Ya. But Daya didn't agree. Mother knew that Paul had suffered new misfortune and came to take care of him.

Daya was elected as a member of the city Soviet. But Paul's situation continues to develop. He is blind.

18, chapter 18

Paul was hospitalized again. After an operation, he decided to fight again through literature. Daya became the official party member. Paul applied to live in Moscow. With the support of his wife and mother, Paul began to write the novel The Son of the Storm. My friend read the manuscript and said he wrote it well. Paul has a secretary, Galia.

After Paul wrote the letter, his mother sent the parcel to the post office. After a long wait, a telegram from the State Council wrote: This novel is highly appreciated and will be published soon. Congratulations on its success.

Paul's wish for many years has finally come true. He picked up a new weapon, returned to the battle and started a new life.

Extended information Paul's experience:

Pavel Kochagin (павелкорчагин, England) was born in a poor railway worker's family. My father died early, and my mother made a living by washing clothes for others. He was expelled from school because he hated that the priest looked down on him and sprinkled ash on the Easter cake at the priest's house.

/kloc-when he was 0/2 years old, his mother sent him to the station canteen to do odd jobs and was humiliated there, so he hated the shopkeepers who bullied the poor and the rich who wasted their time. After the "October Revolution" broke out, imperialists and reactionaries attempted to strangle the nascent Soviet regime. Paul's hometown, the Ukrainian town of Shchepetovka, has also experienced years of foreign armed intervention and civil war.

The Red Army liberated the town of Shchepetovka, but soon retreated. Only Vic He Ju of George H.W. Bush was left in town to do underground work. Zhu is very friendly. He taught Paul English boxing and cultivated Paul's simple revolutionary enthusiasm. Once, Paul was put in prison for saving Zhu.

Then the enemy put him in the wrong place because of negligence. Paul was afraid of falling back into the clutches and didn't dare to go home, so he involuntarily came to the front of tonya's garden and jumped into it. Because Paul saved Niya on his last fishing trip, and she liked his "passionate and stubborn" personality, so her arrival made her very happy.

Paul also thinks that tonya is different from other rich girls. They all feel hazy love. In order to take refuge, he agreed to tonya's request and stayed. A few days later, tonya found Paul's older brother, Aerjiaom, and he sent his older brother Kochakin to Khartoum to join the Red Army.

Paul worked as a scout after joining the army and later became a cavalry. He is a brave soldier on the battlefield and an excellent political propagandist. He especially likes reading Gadfly, Spartacus and other works, and often reads aloud or tells stories to his comrades. In a fierce battle, his head was badly injured, but he overcame his death with tenacious perseverance.

His physical condition prevented him from returning to the front, so he immediately devoted himself to restoring and building the country. He worked in the league, eliminated counter-revolutionaries and devoted himself to hard manual labor. In particular, the work of building railways is particularly difficult; Autumn rain, mud, heavy snow, frozen soil, lack of clothes and food, open-air accommodation, harassment by armed bandits and the threat of disease.

At a gathering of workers' comrades, Paul was laughed at and ridiculed by the workers because he went with tonya, who was beautifully dressed and neatly dressed. Paul realized that tonya was not from the same class as himself, and hoped that she would stand on the same side.

But she refused, and their feelings had to split, so Paul left Togna. When I saw her again when I was building the railway, she had married a rich engineer.

When Paul was the secretary of the Youth League Committee in the railway factory, he had frequent contact with Lida, a member of the Youth League Committee, but Paul held back his feelings for Lida in the spirit of "gadfly". Later, he mistook Rita's brother for her lover, and finally made up his mind to break off their feelings, thus losing the opportunity to fall in love with her.

At the end of the road construction work, Paul got typhoid fever and caused pneumonia, so the organization had to send Paul back to his hometown to recuperate. On the way, Paul was falsely reported dead, but Paul defeated death for the fourth time and returned to the world. After his illness, he returned to work and joined the party.

Due to various injuries and selfless work, Paul's physique is getting worse and worse, and he has lost his ability to work. The party organization had to terminate his work and let him stay in hospital for a long time. ?

While recuperating at the seaside, he came across Daya, a female migrant worker, and fell in love. While constantly helping Daya to make progress, Paul began to study tenaciously and improve his writing ability. ?

1927, Paul was completely paralyzed and then became blind. The raging disease finally bound the soldier full of fighting passion to the hospital bed. Paul once had suicidal thoughts, but he soon got out of the trough.

This paralyzed, blind man with no writing experience began his heroic career-literary creation. Paul endured great physical and mental pain. First, he writes in a cardboard box. Six months later, the written manuscript was lost when a friend sent it back, and Paul was once depressed.

Later, he pulled himself together, dictated by himself and asked someone to record it for him. With the help of his mother and wife, his novel Born in the Storm, written with his life, was finally published. The iron ring of life has been completely shattered, and Paul picked up new weapons and started a new life.

Background of the times:

In the late 1920s and early 1930s, with the end of the new economic policy and the establishment of Stalin's political and economic system, the literary and art circles also demanded a highly centralized and unified situation.

During Stalin's period, the state educated young people with the idea of "great unity", paying special attention to the important role of literature and art in cultivating young people's productive moral quality. Stalin demanded that literary works should "pursue direct propaganda purposes", and many works were written to instill "* * * production ideals" in young people.

The official stressed that the task of literature is to "transform the socialist spirit and educate the working people". The most direct means for literature and art to accomplish this educational function is to create heroes who embody the socialist spirit and ideals.

The theme of Soviet literature in this period is to praise the socialist transformation and construction, praise the party and leaders, and shape the glorious image of the new Soviet people. The task of Soviet literature is to create a figure who absolutely believes in productism according to the ideology of * * *, and portray him as authentic.

Ostrovsky responded to the official call and began to write Steel. Paul's simple class feelings, fanatical dedication, beautiful vision of capitalism and absolute obedience to leaders are exactly what Stalin needs to carry out his line.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-How steel is tempered