A paper on practice and reflection on the construction of a production-based training base integrating production and education

Paper on practice and reflection on the construction of a production-based training base integrating production and education

Abstract: Schools and enterprises combine to build a practical training base, build a new practical training teaching system, and implement " The teaching model of "integration of work and study" and "teaching, learning and doing" is the current development direction of teaching reform in vocational colleges; vocational colleges closely integrate the actual conditions of local industry enterprises, strengthen the construction of practical training bases, and reform the practical training teaching model , so that talent training can be more suitable for the needs of local economic development.

Keywords: Integrated production and education training base, integration of work and study

Higher vocational colleges promptly track changes in market demand and proactively adapt to regional economic and social development According to the needs of the school, make full use of the school's running conditions, adjust and set up majors in a targeted manner, strengthen cooperation with enterprises, build a new practical training teaching system based on the idea of ??building a production-oriented training base integrating industry and education, and cultivate students' hands-on skills ability and innovation ability to make talent training more suitable for the needs of local economic development.

After three years of reform, Yantai Automotive Engineering Vocational College has initially established a training base that is in line with the local automobile industry, cultivating a large number of applied technical talents for the Peninsula Blue Economic Zone and the Peninsula manufacturing industry. This article mainly discusses the exploration and practice of Yantai Automotive Engineering Vocational College in the construction of practical training bases and the implementation of "work-study alternation" and "teaching, learning, and doing" integrated teaching models. It hopes to provide some insights into the development of my country's higher vocational and technical colleges under the new situation. It plays a promoting role in the construction of practical training base.

1. Construction of the teaching system of the automotive professional training base

The construction of the practical teaching system is the key to the higher vocational talent training model. Its construction focuses on "positions" and "skills" Depending on the target requirements, the practical teaching system and the theoretical teaching system complement each other, with special emphasis on the internal connections and organic combinations between practical links to achieve system functions. At the same time, attention should be paid to the continuity, hierarchy and application of the practical teaching system, and continuous and uninterrupted training is required for the cultivation of practical skills.

Yantai Automotive Engineering Vocational College takes the Shandong Automotive Engineering Vocational Education Group, which is led by our school, as the starting point, and based on the new requirements for talent specifications in the construction of the Peninsula Blue Economic Zone and the Peninsula Manufacturing Industry, combined with the college’s own conditions and school running characteristics, conduct in-depth research in major enterprises, and extensively discuss with enterprise experts the curriculum settings, practical link arrangements, professional ability requirements, quality development and other issues of each major, reform the curriculum system, strengthen the construction of production-oriented training bases, and cultivate talents according to Plans and enterprise research situations, arrange different types of practical training in different semesters, and progress step by step.

For example, the arrangement of practical training for automotive electronics technology majors is based on the knowledge learned by students and the actual situation, and arranges automotive structure training, engine electronic control technology training, chassis electronic control technology training, and vehicle inspection in sequence. Technical training, automotive electrical equipment and maintenance training, on-the-job internship, and graduation project enable students to gradually master the structure, composition and detection methods of electronically controlled engines of various vehicle series, as well as the correct placement, classification and maintenance methods of parts after disassembly and assembly. Principles and methods of electronically controlled engine fault diagnosis and detection, and automobile four-wheel alignment detection. It can analyze the wiring of each system and the entire vehicle wiring of a typical car, cultivate students' good working habits and hands-on ability, cultivate students' social adaptability, and learn Communication and teamwork, improve practical work ability and achieve the proficiency required by the enterprise, gradually adapt to professional life, enhance students' employability, complete students' initial transition from study positions to work positions, and ensure that talent training specifications are in line with the local economy Adapt to the construction.

2. The connotation construction of the automotive professional training base

1. The training center integrates multiple functions

Through the investigation of enterprise needs, Yantai The region is dominated by manufacturing and a variety of industries are developing simultaneously. The practical training base not only provides students with a practical training platform, but also establishes relevant vocational qualification training and skills appraisal centers to provide job transfer training and job transfer training for the society and enterprises. It provides re-employment training, vocational qualification training, skills appraisal and other services, while providing scientific research sites for teachers and corporate technical personnel, and providing technical services to the society. For example, short-term courses such as "Enterprise Pre-job Training Courses", "Foreman Classes", "Operational Ability Training Courses", and "Intermediate and Advanced Theory Improvement Courses" are held, and professional skill appraisals are conducted. The base can provide small and medium-sized enterprises with complete products. The one-stop service of design, trial production and small batch production allows students at different levels to participate in internships in different links throughout the entire process, thereby realizing the integration of industry and education at different levels. While continuously improving the reputation of the college, it has also received good social benefits from running the school.

2. Establish a professional curriculum construction steering committee

Yantai Automotive Engineering Vocational College has established a professional curriculum construction steering committee composed of corporate experts, university professors and experts from scientific research institutions to allow corporate experts to Participate in the determination of the college's educational goals and the demonstration of the specifications and quality of skilled talent training, provide necessary guidance on the college's teaching reform, major and curriculum construction, and participate in the construction of teaching materials and the teaching of student training courses to ensure that the base construction is consistent with the local It adapts to the characteristics of economic construction and combines the teaching process with the production process, especially the compilation of vocational training teaching materials, production technology, and management teaching materials, so that students can experience corporate culture and management systems early. Integrate practical teaching content directly into the production process, allowing students to learn and master corresponding knowledge and skills through their own actual operations under the guidance of internship instructors or company technicians, which not only trains students' practical ability, but also allows students to Understand the enterprise production management process.

3. Organically combine on-campus bases and off-campus bases to build a complete practical training system.

Whether the training goals of higher vocational education can be achieved depends critically on the depth and breadth of school-enterprise cooperation. Yantai Automotive Engineering Vocational College adheres to the principle of diversified construction entities, closely contacts industry enterprises, continuously improves the conditions of the training base, and actively explores a new school-enterprise cooperation model for the construction of a productive training base on campus. The school provides the venue and management, and the enterprise Provide equipment, technology and teacher support, and organize practical training with the school as the main body. At the same time, we will strengthen and promote off-campus internships. Off-campus training base enterprises not only provide free equipment, materials and professional technical services for professional teachers to participate in production practice training and student internships, but also create employment opportunities for graduates. In this way, the enterprise and the school are organically combined, and the school's teaching place extends to the enterprise. The enterprise is both a place for students to work and a place for learning. Students in the enterprise are not only learners of technology, but also users of technology and skills. They are students and employees, thus expanding the space for school teaching and student learning, and gaining professional improvement and improvement during the internship process. Enhancement of hands-on ability.

4. The training base implements open management to improve students’ independent learning ability

In order to adapt to changes in graduate positions and cultivate high-level skilled talents needed by enterprises, automobile inspection and maintenance The technology center implements an open management model and realizes open teaching for school students, enabling students to make full use of teaching instruments and equipment, creatively carry out amateur training projects with advanced content, and allows students to use their spare time to exercise at the training base, and There are professional and technical personnel to provide guidance. This initiative can not only greatly improve students' skills, but also give full play to students' autonomy. Students are highly motivated to participate in open teaching. At the same time, with students as the main body and combined with professional characteristics, scientific and technological innovation activities are carried out to cultivate students' innovative and practical abilities. Under the guidance of teachers, not only the skills are strengthened, but the innovation ability is also improved.

5. Create an environment and let quality be developed in the environment

In order to allow students to obtain basic skills and skills in a real professional environment in accordance with the requirements of future professional positions. For practical operation training and comprehensive quality cultivation, the environmental layout and position setting of the training base should be as close as possible to the layout model of advanced enterprises. For example, some corporate culture slogans are posted in places where students can see them, and job responsibilities, requirements and operating specifications are pasted on production line positions. Through the layout of these environments, a professional atmosphere is created. In order to be close to the actual processes and requirements of professional positions, improve the management and cultural construction level of the training base, and make students' learning and training consistent with real work scenarios, the training base has introduced the "5S" management system as an enterprise element into the practice. In the daily management of the training room, we should effectively strengthen the cultivation of students' professional qualities. The "5S" management system is composed of five words in the Japanese Roman pinyin starting with "S", namely Shitsuke, Seiton, Seiso, Seikeetsu, and Seiri, so it is abbreviated. "5S". It is necessary to improve the overall professional quality of students, so that students can have ideas, feel touched in their hearts, and then convert them into actions, change their way of thinking and quality of action, and finally develop good professional quality. ?3. System construction and operation mechanism of the training base

System construction is one of the main tasks of the connotation construction of the base. The training base of Yantai Automotive Engineering Vocational College must establish and improve the training base in terms of management. Base management system, establish an internal management system for the training base, and generally establish various systems including technical management, equipment management, personnel management, fixed assets management and other management, so that the training base can achieve a reasonable personnel structure , job responsibilities are clear, operations are standardized and orderly, and assessment methods are complete.

1. A win-win micro-profit operation mode for schools and enterprises

The positioning of the demonstration base is "integration of production and education, focusing on teaching". Teaching should be centered on production, and teaching should be done well to promote production. , to achieve a high degree of unity of "both producing products and cultivating talents", pursuing small profits in terms of economic benefits, and ensuring the normal operation of the base itself. In the process of participating in market-oriented operations, as a scientific research or production department of the cooperative enterprise, the enterprise provides raw materials And a small number of technical and quality management personnel participate in on-campus production management, and the enterprise only needs to pay the necessary production costs. Through on-campus production training cooperation, companies can absorb a group of outstanding students as their own employees, solving the company's shortage of skilled talents and ultimately achieving a win-win situation.

2. Organize production around teaching to ensure teaching quality and production quality

It should be based on full-time teachers as the main body, part-time teachers from enterprises should participate, and the *** should be jointly responsible for the production of the base and the campus Organization and management of practical training. When there is an enterprise production task, the enterprise and the base should jointly formulate a production plan to ensure that the production task can be completed smoothly. While formulating the production plan, the job arrangement, teaching content, and practical training content should be integrated into the production plan to ensure that the teaching task is completed Finish.

3. Change from purely consumptive training to productive training and reduce base training costs

There are many typical mature products in cooperative enterprises, and the enterprises can provide raw materials. Organize processing and production on campus so that students can get exercise in practical production training. At the same time, during the practical training process, it is necessary to strengthen students' cost control awareness education and standardize students' operations to reduce the device damage rate. During the practical training assessment, the pass rate of the product is also used as one of the main indicators of skill assessment, so that students can Develop good cost and quality control skills during the training process. Defective products will inevitably be produced during production training. Although these products do not meet product quality requirements, they can be used by students for daily practice.

4. Thoughts on the construction of practical training base

Yantai Automotive Engineering Vocational College gives full play to the cooperative advantages of the vocational education group and seeks the cooperation of large enterprises in key areas such as teacher training and student internships. With strong support, after several years of practice in running schools as a group, remarkable results have been achieved, providing an ideal platform for the reform of talent training models and curriculum reforms, and at the same time creating conditions for school-enterprise cooperation and the integration of work and study. However, due to institutional constraints, there are still many areas that have not been touched between schools and enterprises. The depth of cooperation needs to be further expanded and the cooperation mechanism needs to be further improved. There is still great potential for cooperation, especially in professional development and curriculum development. We need to keep digging.

First, dual-qualified teachers are a bottleneck for the development of the base. The training base must satisfy both teaching and production needs. Teachers are required to be familiar with teaching as well as business management and production, otherwise the efficiency of the base will be reduced. The training of dual-qualified teachers requires a long-term process. Experienced engineers are hired from enterprises. Due to the needs of enterprise work, teaching plans need to be adjusted frequently, which has a greater impact on the teaching order.

Second, professional development, curriculum development, and the integration of industry, academia, and research need to be further deepened. At present, most of the teachers in the base are part-time and usually have heavy teaching tasks, which greatly restricts professional expansion and curriculum development. The processing orders, horizontal cooperation projects and other related work entrusted by enterprises are postponed, which affects the enthusiasm of enterprises for cooperation.

Third, efforts should be made to change teachers’ concepts and improve teachers’ enthusiasm. Most teachers are accustomed to classroom teaching and lack experience in organizing and managing real production lines. Students also have many problems when conducting production training. Management is difficult and the work intensity is high. These factors affect the enthusiasm of teachers, and relevant policies need to be formulated. Encourage measures to guide teachers.

Fourth, continuously improve the time utilization and capacity utilization of existing equipment, continuously enhance the generalization of practical training equipment, and avoid idleness and waste of practical training equipment due to professional adjustments.

References

[1] Zhang Xiaobing, Liu Jie, construction and research of production-based training base integrating production and education [J]. Education and Occupation, 2011 (06): 160-162 .

[2] Hu Bangyao’s exploration and practice in creating a “work-study integration” talent training model in higher vocational education [J]. China Vocational and Technical Education, 2009 (21): 68-70. ;