Explore the specific process of the battle of Yanling

Explore the specific process of the battle of Yanling

In 575 BC (the 11th year of King Jian Zhou), Jin and Chu fought for the hegemony of the Central Plains, and a war broke out in Yanling area, which was called the Battle of Yanling in history. The following historical series brings you relevant content and shares it with you. During the war, Jin Jun was good at observing fighters and skillfully commanding them, defeating the Chu-Han allied forces and their ally Zheng, who had been fighting for the Central Plains for a long time, and further consolidating their dominant position in the Central Plains. The state of Jin captured the king of Chu, who was shot blind in one eye. Zheng Jiang Tang Gou died to protect Zheng Chenggong from being defeated. The battle of Yanling is one of the classic battles in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After this war, both sides in Jin Chu gradually lost the strong momentum of fighting for the Central Plains by force, and the battlefield in the Central Plains began to calm down.

Yanling Yu Xiang

In 575 BC (the 11th year of the founding of Zhou Wang), the Jin army crossed the Yellow River and heard that the Chu army was coming. Zhong Jun Zuofan Wen Zi (Shi Xie) wants to go back and make an anti-war statement. Zhong Jun Luan Tree disagreed with Fan Wenzi's request.

In 575 BC (the eleventh year of King Jian of Zhou), in June of the lunar calendar, the army of the State of Jin and the army of the State of Chu met in Yanling (now north of Yanling County, Henan Province). Fan Wenzi doesn't want to fight Chu Jun. The new army left: "The battle between Qin, Jin and Han was not won; In the battle of Jin and Di, the coach was killed; In the war between Jin and Chu, Xun's coach was defeated and fled. These are the great shame of the state of Jin! It's even more shameful to see the former king fighting and now he's hiding from the Chu army. "

Fan Wenzi said: "Our ancestors fought many wars for a reason. Qin, Di, Qi and Chu are all powerful countries. If they don't try their best, future generations will be weakened. Now the three great powers of Qin, Di and Qi have all surrendered, and there is only one enemy, that is, Chu. Only saints can make the country worry-free inside and outside. Without external peace, there will be internal worries. Why not let Chu go for a while and let Jin be vigilant? "

Fan Wenzi's opinion was not adopted by Luan Shu.

Dark solar array

In 575 BC (the 11th year of Zhou Jianwang), the 29th day of June in the lunar calendar was an unlucky day for ancient soldiers to fight. The Chu army wanted to make a quick decision before the arrival of the allied forces of Qi, Lu, Song and Wei, so on the morning of June 29, while the Jin army was unprepared, under the cover of morning fog, it suddenly approached the camp of the Jin army.

Due to the mud in front of the camp, the Chu army approached, and the Jin army was at a disadvantage, so the personnel carriers could not leave the camp. Zhong Jun of the Jin army advocated that Luan Shu should avoid its sharpness first and stick to it. The vassal reinforcements arrived and took advantage of the superior forces to take the offensive, which was defeated by the retreat of the Chu army.

The generals of the new army think that both offensive and defensive actions should be taken, and list many weaknesses of the Chu army: the rebellion of the generals in the Chu army and the loyalty of the sons are not good; Qin Bing of the king of Chu is old but not refined; Zheng Jun's array is incomplete; The barbarians who went out with Chu did not understand the law; It is unlucky for Chu troops to deploy on moonless nights; After the Chu army was deployed, the soldiers in the array were noisy and disorderly.

Adopted the suggestion and decided to join forces to fight. He also adopted the strategy of Fan Wenzi's son's stone slag, filling wells and leveling stoves in the military camp to expand the space and array on the spot, which not only got rid of the dilemma of not being able to leave the camp, but also concealed his deployment adjustment.

Prewar observation

In the Chu army, Chu * * * Wang Jinguo rebelled against Zhou Bogeng (the son of Jin Bozong). After Bozhou Plough was killed in Jin State, he fled to Chu State, and then boarded the nest car (floor car) accompanied by Da Zai to observe the movement of 8 Jin Army in the camp. The king of Chu asked, "The Jin army runs around in chariots. What is this? " Bozhou Li replied, "It's an official." King Chu said, "Those people have gathered in Zhong Jun." Bozhou Li said: "This is a meeting to discuss." King Chu said, "The tent has been set up." Bozhou Li said: "This is the good or ill luck of the Jin army to the late king." King Chu said, "The tent has been demolished." Li said: "The order will be issued soon." King Chu said, "It's too noisy and dusty." Bozhou Li said: "This is to prepare for filling the well and leveling the stove." King Chu said, "Everyone got into the chariot, and the people around got off with weapons." Bozhou Li said: "This is an oath issued by the coach." The king of Chu asked, "Is there going to be a war?" Zhou Bo Praf replied, "I don't know yet." The king of Chu said, "I got on the bus again, and the people on both sides came down again." Zhou Bo Li said, "This is a prayer to God before the war." "State plough told the king of Chu the location of Jin Ligong Qin Bing.

Accompanied by Miao Benhuang, an old minister of Chu (son of Chu Lingyin Dou Jiao), Jin Ligong also boarded the platform to watch the appearance of Chu army. Miao Benhuang around Jin Ligong also told the location of Qin Bing, the king of Jin Ligong. The soldiers around Jin Ligong said; "The best soldiers of Chu are all in Zhong Jun, and there are a large number of them." The palace divines good and bad luck, and the fortune teller says it is a good thing.

Fight all day

Miao Benhuang was familiar with the inside story of the Chu army and suggested to Jin Ligong: "The elite troops of Chu are only soldiers of the King of Chu in the China army. Please send some elite soldiers to attack the left and right armies of Chu, and then concentrate the three armies to attack the pro-soldiers of the king of Chu, which will surely defeat them. "

Jin Ligong adopted Miao Benhuang's suggestion, and China's generals and assistants led an elite army to strengthen the left and right wings. Open a passage in the camp, leave the camp quickly, and attack around the Chu army on both sides of the swamp in front of the camp. First, break the weak left and right armies in the Chu army.

King Chu * * * saw that the strength of the State of Jin was weak, so he led an attack and tried to defeat the State of Jin first. As a result, the State of Jin resisted. The general of the Jin army hit the king of Chu with an arrow, forcing him to retreat, and his wings could not support him.

Chu * * * Wang Zhao came to Yang and gave him two arrows to shoot. Yang Jiyou hit Wei Kun in the neck with an arrow. Wei Kun fell on the bow sleeve and died. Yang took another arrow and shot at the king of Chu. From morning till night, the Chu army retreated. Although the prince of Chu was captured on a raft, the king of Chu was shot blind in one eye, and Zheng Jiangtang died to protect himself from defeat and escape, but the outcome of the two sides was undecided.

The Chu army retreated.

The king of Chu decided to fight again the next day. Sima Zi, the villain of Chu, inspected the wounded, supplemented infantry and chariots, repaired armor and weapons, and cleaned up chariots and horses. When the cock crowed, he ordered dinner the next day to prepare for the battle.

Miao Benhuang of the State of Jin also informed the whole army to prepare for the next day's battle, and deliberately relaxed the guards of Chu prisoners of war and let them flee to the Chu camp to report on the preparations of the Jin army. King Chu * * * learned that the Jin army was ready, and immediately summoned his son to discuss countermeasures. My son was drunk that night and couldn't be called in. The king of Chu * * * was helpless and led the army to retreat in the dark. The Chu army retreated to the defective land, and his son was forced by Yin Zizhong, and he committed suicide for fear of sin.