In 1950, China took back Dongjiaominxiang, and various countries jointly put pressure on it. Chairman Mao: Take it back unconditionally.

On February 3, 1949, the sky above Peiping suddenly became clear, and the streets were crowded with people, and enthusiastic cheers broke out continuously.

A burst of rapid signal flares were launched into the sky one after another. The People's Liberation Army troops took firm and powerful steps and stood proudly into Peiping City from Yongding Gate and Xizhimen respectively.

Over the past 22 years, this city, which carried countless emperors to achieve imperial hegemony, was finally recaptured from the hands of the Japanese invaders, and the Chinese people were finally able to be the masters of their own city.

It's just that those arrogant and domineering "Western envoys" don't seem to empathize with the Chinese people. At this time, they are still living in luxury in the mansions of Minxiang in the eastern suburbs.

Based on this, before the People's Liberation Army troops entered the city, Chairman Mao specifically ordered the troops to be led by a military band and marched through the civilian lanes of the eastern suburbs with swagger, giving a little "color" to the Western envoys who were not leaving. Take a look.

In an instant, the people and students in Beiping City were all excited. The humiliation that had been suppressed in their hearts for nearly a hundred years completely collapsed the moment the People's Liberation Army entered the civilian lanes of the eastern suburbs...

So, why are the "Western Tokimies" in Dongjiao Min Lane so arrogant? How did the People's Liberation Army take back Dongjiao Minxiang? Did you encounter any obstruction from Western countries during this period?

In 1840, the Opium War broke out. Before that, China had been in a state of isolation and knew nothing about the advancement of Western countries.

When the Opium War broke out, Britain knocked on China's door with artillery fire. At the same time, it announced to the Western world that there was still a wealthy, closed and backward feudal dynasty in the far East.

As a result, the Qing Dynasty began to decline. It was not until 1900 that the Eight-Power Allied Forces officially invaded China. Houses in Beijing were burned down and cultural relics were destroyed overnight. Three million taels of silver were stolen...

So, what was the status of Dongjiao Minxiang in Beijing at that time? Why do Western powers "favor" Dongjiao Minxiang so much?

"Dongjiao Minxiang" was built in the Yuan Dynasty and was the main shipping station in the capital. It usually houses a large number of rice and flour granaries, items exchanged from trade with other countries, and banks.

At that time, the main food stored in Dongjiao Minxiang was glutinous rice transported from the Jiangnan area through the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. Businessmen in the south habitually called it "Jiangmi Alley".

During the Yongle period, the city center of Beijing was re-planned, and Jiangmi Lane was included in the imperial city area. With the increasing number of city gates and archways in Beijing, Jiangmi Lane was also divided into east and west parts, with "civilian and military" respectively. "Double lanes show people.

Later, with the continuous visits of Western envoys and leaders of my country's ethnic minority tribes, Dongjiao Minxiang gradually evolved into a "resting place" for ambassadors and envoys traveling to the Central Plains.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Dongjiao Minxiang was designated as the "Five Dynasties and Six Ministries", which included the departments of industry, officials, etiquette, soldiers, households, etc., as well as the imperial hospital and bank. , the palaces of princes, generals and prime ministers, various ancestral halls, etc., are like a "little palace" outside the Forbidden City.

At that time, the "Celestial Dynasty" was majestic, attracting customers from all over the world, and enjoying the worship of surrounding vassal countries. It has been immersed in the imperial dream of "I am the only one in the world".

Unfortunately, during the late Qing Dynasty, the country's national power plummeted, and the Opium War left the Qing army helpless and could only succumb to the artillery fire of the Eight-Power Allied Forces.

Therefore, in 1901, the Qing government, in order to survive, brought down the face of the ancestors of the "Qing Empire" and signed the "Xinchou Treaty" with the Eight-Power Allied Forces, which was humiliating and humiliating the country.

The treaty stipulates that the Qing government will control all areas on both sides of Dongjiaomin Lane, that is, east Chang'an Street to the south, Chongwenmen Nei Street to the west, Qianmen East City Root to the north, Zhengyangmen to Qipan Street, regardless of whether there is There were no residential or public places, and all were given over to the coalition forces as embassies.

At this point, the Dongjiao Min Lane was at the foot of the Imperial City. It was surrounded by artillery walls by the Eight-Power Allied Forces and was heavily guarded, becoming a forbidden area for the country.

The common people in Beijing also sarcastically called the Minxiang in the eastern suburbs "National China". Many literati published poems lamenting the decline of the nation. Some conservative academics could not stand the Qing government's Foolish, just hang yourself from the beam.

It can be seen that the fall of Dongjiao Minxiang has a profound impact on the people of the capital, but what can be done? Once the Qing Dynasty sets a precedent of losing power and humiliating the country, it means that the road to "subjugation" is not far away...

In 1912, the Qing emperor abdicated and the Republic of China was established. It stands to reason that the Qing Dynasty no longer exists. The treaty signed between the Eight-Power Allied Forces and the Qing government should be invalidated, but the facts are often not satisfactory.

Just because "Yuan Shikai" appeared halfway, in order to "restore the monarchy", he bowed his back to please those Western powers.

At the same time, it was also informed to the outside world that all treaties signed by the Eight-Power Allied Forces and the Qing government were still counted. This led to the hope of Chinese civil progressive groups to regain the eastern suburbs of Minxiang and drive away the invaders. Disillusioned again.

It was not until the Anti-Japanese War was completely victorious and the Nationalist Government was defeated one after another that the people of Beijing ushered in the moment to wash away their humiliation...

On January 15, 1949, the People's Liberation Army went through a day and night of fierce fighting. , annihilated the Kuomintang defenders entrenched in Tianjin in one fell swoop, and the Peiping defenders suddenly fell into panic.

In order to preserve its strength, our party decided to peacefully liberate Peiping. Chairman Mao specifically issued an order: It is hoped that the Kuomintang defenders can assess the situation and see the current situation clearly, and the Party Central Committee will give them "tolerant" treatment according to their performance.

Fu Zuoyi, the Kuomintang's North China "Suppression Chief" commander, who could not bear the pressure of tens of thousands of People's Liberation Army, officially decided to surrender after careful consideration.

At that time, the Kuomintang's Suppression General Army Corps stationed in Peiping consisted of 8 corps and 25 divisions. All of them had surrendered their guns and left the city in accordance with our army's instructions and had been reorganized.

Comrade Cheng Zihua, commander of the 13th Corps of our army's Pingjin Frontline Headquarters, will go to Peking that day to hand over work with Fu Zuoyi.

The countdown to the peaceful liberation of Peiping entered, but just as Comrade Cheng Zihua was about to leave for Peiping, a telegram from the Party Central Committee suddenly "blocked" his way...

Could it be that the surrendered team launched a temporary resistance? Or is there another emergency in Beiping City? In fact, on the contrary, everything on the front line was going smoothly as before.

Just because the originally planned reorganization time coincided with the traditional Chinese New Year, in order to allow the people to celebrate the New Year in a down-to-earth manner, the Party Central Committee ordered the delay of the People's Liberation Army's entry into the city to give the people a chance to celebrate the New Year in peace.

On January 31, 1949, the third day of the first lunar month, Mo Wenhua, the political commissar of the 41st Army of the People's Liberation Army, led the soldiers of the 121st Division to formally hand over to the national army general Fu Zuoyi who was waiting outside Peking City.

In order to prevent a temporary "uprising" by the 200,000-strong National Army, our army also ordered members of a platoon of the People's Liberation Army to prepare their guns and ammunition in case of emergency.

When Mo Wenhua arrived outside Peiping City, a platoon of soldiers from the National Army had already stood on the spot, preparing to salute and hand over to the leading troops of our 121st Division.

After the handover work was completed, the People's Liberation Army troops, led by the military band, started the city entry ceremony with four signal flares as the signal.

At that time, the National Army was standing outside Xizhimen, and there was a sea of ??people inside Xizhimen, with loud gongs and drums...

Who could have imagined that this city was occupied by the Western Empire and the Japanese invaders? Can the city that has been occupied for decades finally return to the embrace of the motherland under the stubborn resistance of a red team that has no food or clothing?

In order to revive the national spirit, Chairman Mao specially ordered the People's Liberation Army troops to hold an entry ceremony with great fanfare so that the national army, the Japanese army and the envoys of the eight countries could get to know the Chinese army again.

In addition, they also have to march majestically through the civilian alleys of the eastern suburbs, so that the imperial worms who are obsessed with money and wealth on the edge of the imperial city can appreciate the splendor of the People's Liberation Army.

At that time, our army of 30,000 troops entered Peking through Xizhimen and Yongdingmen. The people in the city waved flags and posted slogans and congratulations on the People's Liberation Army's armored vehicles.

The more excited people brought a basin of water directly from home and sprinkled it on the way forward of the chariot to clear the way for the People's Liberation Army.

Looking around, in the Maxiang Hutong area, there is even a row of Kuomintang soldiers standing on the side of the road, cheering: "Thank you to the People's Liberation Army for coming to liberate us..."

On February 3, 1949, one division and six regiments of the fourth column of the Northeast Field Army held a military parade in the city. When the team entering the city passed through Dongjiaomin Lane and headed towards Chongwenmen Nei Street, the enthusiasm of the masses It has been completely pushed to another climax.

They crowded around at both ends of the Dongjiao Min Lane, watching the People's Liberation Army waving flags and striding into the lane with their heads high, and suddenly burst out with earth-shattering shouts...

And What is surprising is that none of the Western soldiers stationed in the civilian alley dared to step forward to stop them.

As everyone knows, the People's Liberation Army's performance in the civil war has already shattered the hearts of Western powers, making them no longer dare to confront the Communist Party with an arrogant attitude.

Therefore, those envoys from various countries who have been enjoying themselves in the embassy in Minxiang all year round can only stand in front of the window and look out, each one suffering more and more...

For decades, this Even the emperor of China could not enter the "forbidden areas", but the People's Liberation Army field troops swaggered through them. It was really satisfying!

This is not only a warning to the Western powers, but also a formal "declaration of war" against imperialism.

After the People's Liberation Army entered the city, a notice issued by the Party Central Committee set off another storm in the eastern suburbs...

On January 6, 1950, the Party Central Committee Issue a notice: Recover all foreign military camps and illegally occupied land in Peiping, and it must be formally implemented 7 days after the notice is issued. Among them, Dongjiao Minxiang is listed as the primary recovery area in Peiping.

After learning about this incident, the United States, which enjoys the right to station troops in Minxiang, the eastern suburbs, immediately protested. Obviously, they have not adapted to the reality of China's changing current situation.

On January 9, the head of the U.S. Consulate immediately called the consuls of Britain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Italy to discuss countermeasures in response to the announcement issued by the Party Central Committee.

While the "Five-Nation Alliance" was discussing countermeasures, the U.S. representative wrote a letter to Premier Zhou through the instructions of the White House, and said bluntly in the letter: "I hope the Central Committee of China will not" Violating "the basic rights and interests of the U.S. government in China."

The result can be imagined. Not only did the Party Central Committee not reply a single word, but even the letter sent by the American envoy was returned intact.

However, the American envoy refused to face the reality. He then gave a "long speech" and passed it to Premier Zhou through the British envoy, but he was rejected again.

In order to prevent the United States from continuing to harm the interests of the Chinese people, Chairman Mao made a direct phone call to the Beijing Municipal Military Affairs Bureau and immediately issued two instructions.

On January 14 of the same year, the Beijing Military Control Office officially sent personnel to Dongjiao Minxiang to supervise the evacuation of Western embassies.

By then, the embassies of the Netherlands, France and other countries had begun to evacuate in an orderly manner, but the US embassy and barracks showed no signs of leaving.

Later, due to the arguments of our people, the US embassy and barracks were finally withdrawn on January 16.

As for the British Empire Embassy, ??which occupies a certain "chapter" in China's modern history, it was postponed until April due to verbal recognition of the central government of China.

Later, at the strong request of Comrade Nie Rongzhen, the head of the Military Affairs Department in Beijing, all British embassy personnel were evacuated on April 11, 1949.

Immediately afterwards, all embassies across the country that had not established diplomatic relations with China began to withdraw one after another.

After many years, Dongjiao Minxiang has finally washed away its history of humiliation and has become the land under the feet of the Chinese people with a new look. China has also begun to get rid of the shadow of imperialist colonization and partition.

However, when the United States was able to drop a little boy in Hiroshima, why was it so "cowardly" when faced with the Communists' order to withdraw?

Because, on October 1, 1949, New China had been established, and the regime supported by the United States in China had retreated to Taiwan. At the same time, Chairman Mao was negotiating with Stalin in the Soviet Union to re-draw the "Friendship Agreement" This incident comes at a "sensitive period" in international politics.

In addition, the Sino-Soviet "Articles of Friendship" clearly stipulates the relationship between the two parties, that is, each other will not join any organization or group that opposes the other party. When the two parties are invaded by a third party, the other party will do everything possible. Give all the help you can.

This makes Chairman Mao’s instructions even more threatening. In addition, the United States’ voice in mainland China has gradually declined with the defeat of the Kuomintang. Therefore, the United States can only struggle for a few days. , and then swallowed his anger.

After all, countries that have not recognized New China and have not established friendly relations with New China are not qualified to set up embassies in China, not to mention that the United States also enjoys the right to station troops. This is the responsibility of our party and the country. This is an operation that people will never tolerate.

Since then, only embassies of countries that have established diplomatic relations with China have been allowed to enter Dongjiao Minxiang. With the passage of time and the continuous development of Beijing, Dongjiao Minxiang has gradually become a protected area of ??history and culture. No longer used as an office.

This is what Chairman Mao said: "Clean the house before treating guests." Those who are friends can visit at any time, and those who do not want to be friends should not occupy the place. Make room for countries with friendly exchanges...